Nuclear Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmic Ray Physics

1969 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
D. TER HAAR
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Cosmic Ray

scholarly journals Empirical Evidence for Latitude and Altitude Variation of the In Situ Cosmogenic 26Al/10Be Production Ratio

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Christopher T. Halsted ◽  
Paul R. Bierman ◽  
Greg Balco
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Reaction Cross ◽  
Lower Latitude ◽  
Production Ratio ◽  
Isotope Studies ◽  
Simple Exposure ◽  
Reaction Cross Sections

We assess if variations in the in situ cosmogenic 26Al/10Be production ratio expected from nuclear physics are consistent with empirical data, knowledge critical for two-isotope studies. We do this using 313 samples from glacially transported boulders or scoured bedrock with presumed simple exposure histories in the Informal Cosmogenic-nuclide Exposure-age Database (ICE-D) from latitudes between 53°S to 70°N and altitudes up to 5000 m above sea level. Although there were small systematic differences in Al/Be ratios measured in different laboratories, these were not significant and are in part explained by differences in elevation distribution of samples analyzed by each laboratory. We observe a negative correlation between the 26Al/10Be production ratio and elevation (p = 0.0005), consistent with predictions based on the measured energy dependence of nuclear reaction cross-sections and the spatial variability in cosmic-ray energy spectra. We detect an increase in the production ratio with increasing latitude, but this correlation is significant only in a single variate model, and we attribute at least some of the correlation to sample elevation bias because lower latitude samples are typically from higher elevations (and vice versa). Using 6.75 as the 26Al/10Be production ratio globally will bias two-isotope results at higher elevations and perhaps higher latitudes. Data reported here support using production rate scaling that incorporates such ratio changes, such as the LSDn scheme, to minimize such biases.

scholarly journals Datation de surfaces geomorphologiques reperes par le 10 Be produit in-situ; implications tectoniques et climatiques

2001 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel L. Siame ◽  
Regis Braucher ◽  
Didier L. Bourles ◽  
Olivier Bellier ◽  
Michel Sebrier
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Slip Rates ◽  
Tectonically Active ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The evolution of continental landforms is mainly modulated by the impact of climatic and tectonic processes. Because of their distinctive morphology and the periodicity of their deposition, climatically induced landforms such as alluvial fans or terraces are well suited to infer rates of tectonic and continental climatic processes. Within tectonically active regions, an important step consists in dating displaced geomorphic features to calculate slip rates on active faults. Dating is probably the most critical tool because it is generally much more simpler to measure deformation resulting from tectonic activity than it is to accurately date when that deformation occurred. Recent advances in analytical chemistry and nuclear physics (accelerator mass spectrometry) now allow quantitative abundance measurements of the extremely rare isotopes produced by the interaction of cosmic rays with surface rocks and soils, the so-called in situ-produced cosmogenic nuclides ( 3 He, 10 Be, 21 Ne, 26 Al, 36 Cl), and allow to directly date the duration that a landform has been exposed to cosmic rays at the Earth's surface [Lal, 1991; Nishiizumi et al., 1993; Cerling and Craig, 1994; Clark et al., 1995]. In fact, the abundance of these cosmonuclides is proportional to landscape stability and, under favorable circumstances, their abundance within surface rocks can be used as a proxy for erosion rate or exposure age. These cosmonuclides thus provide geomorphologists with the opportunity to constrain rates of landscape evolution. This paper presents a new approach that combines cosmic ray exposure (CRE) dating using in situ-produced 10 Be and geomorphic as well as structural analyses. This approach has been applied on two active strike-slip and reverse faults located in the Andean foreland of western Argentina. These two case studies illustrate how CRE dating using in situ-produced 10 Be is particularly well suited for geomorphic studies that aim to estimate the respective control of climate and tectonics on morphogenesis.

scholarly journals CORSIKA 8

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 03038
Author(s):  
Antonio Augusto Alves ◽  
Maximilian Reininghaus ◽  
André Schmidt ◽  
Remy Prechelt ◽  
Ralf Ulrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Hardware Acceleration ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Art Collection ◽  
The Status ◽  
Working Together

The CORSIKA 8 project is an international collaboration of scientists working together to deliver the most modern, flexible, robust and efficient framework for the simulation of ultra-high energy secondary particle cascades in matter. The main application is for cosmic ray air shower simulations, but it can also be applied to other problems in astro(particle)-physics, particle physics and nuclear physics. Besides a comprehensive and state-of-the-art collection of physics models as well as algorithms relevant for the field, also all possible interfaces to hardware acceleration (e.g. GPU) and parallelization (vectorization, multi-threading, multi-core) will be provided. We present the status and roadmap of this project. This code will soon be available for novel explorative studies and phenomonological research, and at the same time for massive productions runs for experiments.

scholarly journals Discrimination of cosmic-ray in scintillation region and light-guide for plastic scintillation detectors using 5GSPS readout system

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Quoc Hung Nguyen ◽  
Hong Hai Vo ◽  
Nomachi Masaharu ◽  
Trong Tin Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Light Guide ◽  
Plastic Scintillator ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Scintillation Detectors ◽  
Readout System ◽  
Plastic Scintillation ◽  
National University ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Cosmic Ray Flux

At sea level, the measurement of energy spectrum for cosmic-ray flux determination using two-coincidence plastic scintillation detectors with “traditional” electronic-readout system may include not only cosmic-ray in scintillator region but also light-guide region. In this work, we carry out a measurement of cosmic-ray using two-coincidence plastic scintillation detectors with size of each 80cm×40cm×3cm thick, and an electronic-readout system of 5GSPS (i.e. 200 ps sampling-time resolution). With the readout system, the shapes of pulses from scintillation detectors can be observed. The behavior of time responses of pulses in a plastic scintillator and a light-guide may be different. Based on some characteristics of these responses (such as pulse width, its falling edge, etc. ), it is possible to discriminate cosmic-ray in scintillation region from light-guide region. The vertical cosmic-ray flux was measured to 0.1×10-3count.s-1cm-2. The obtained results will be presented and discussed in detail. The experiment was set up and measured at the Nuclear laboratory, Department of Nuclear Physics, University of Science, HCMC-Vietnam National University

The Physics of Track Registration in Solids

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
A. N. Goland
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Radiation Dosimetry ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Stopping Power ◽  
Annealing Behavior ◽  
Bulk Solids ◽  
Track Formation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Contrast Image

During the last ten years many observations of charged particle tracks in solids have been reported, and the utilization of this phenomenon in several fields of physics has grown apace. For example, Fleischer, Price, Walker, and their many collaborators have demonstrated the usefulness of track formation as a tool in nuclear physics, radiation dosimetry, geochronology and cosmic-ray physics. All the more reason, then, that one should endeavour to understand the basic mechanisms of track production in different kinds of solids. To do this, one must investigate the relationship between stopping power and track formation, the nature of the damaged region comprising a track, and the annealing behavior of the tracks. The electron microscope can furnish much of the necessary information provided that one is able to interpret the diffraction-contrast image of the tracks.Linear damage regions have been found both in thin films and in bulk samples. While tracks appear in metallic and nonmetallic thin films they have only been found in nonmetallic bulk solids. The latter include a wide variety of plastics, glasses and minerals.

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