NEUROCHEMICAL EFFECT OF NORMAL ENVIRONMENTAL DEPRIVATION

1969 ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Williamina A. Himwich ◽  
Harish C. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Neurochemical Effect ◽  
Environmental Deprivation

Consistency of Felons' Written and Oral Responses for Scoring the Environmental Deprivation Scale

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 931-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer D. Chubick ◽  
Arnold D. Witherspoon ◽  
Cecilia Y. Rider ◽  
Kellie L. Chaffin
Keyword(s):  
Group Testing ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Written Responses ◽  
Oral Responses ◽  
Extensive Training ◽  
Questionnaire Form ◽  
Environmental Deprivation ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Pearson Correlations

32 male parolees and probationers were administered the questionnaire form of the Environmental Deprivation Scale followed by the standard oral interview for the purpose of comparing written responses with oral responses usually necessary to score the scale. Pearson correlations were .89 between written and oral responses and .97 for rater-rater agreement for scoring the questionnaire form. These results suggest that a reliable score for the scale can be obtained from an antisocial population without the extensive training and time required to administer behavioral interviews. Therefore, substituting group testing in place of one-on-one interviews may broaden the utility of the scale.

Relationship between Eysenck's Measure of Psychoticism and Scores on the Environmental Deprivation Scale with Convicted Felons

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 681-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Y. Rider ◽  
Jennifer D. Chubick ◽  
Arnold D. Witherspoon
Keyword(s):  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Environmental Deprivation ◽  
Convicted Felons

23 parolees and 8 probationers were administered the Environmental Deprivation Scale interview and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire–Revised. Scores on each scale, different in method and design, have been correlated with antisocial behavior. The scores on both measures were compared and a significant correlation of .51 found between the scores on the Environmental Deprivation Scale and the Psychoticism scale on Eysenck's questionnaire. Also, a negative correlation of .34 was found between scores on the Environmental Deprivation Scale and the Extraversion scale on Eysenck's questionnaire, but none for either scale and time spent in prison. A stronger assessment of clients for guiding intervention seems needed. Limitations include lack of control for education, age, and ethnicity.

scholarly journals Can Suboptimal Visual Environments Negatively Affect Children’s Cognitive Development?

Challenges ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Alexandros A. Lavdas ◽  
Nikos A. Salingaros
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Environmental Stimulation ◽  
Environmental Deprivation

There are indications that children born during the period of COVID-19 lockdown have cognitive development issues, without having been affected by the virus. We discuss here the idea that environmental deprivation—and, especially, the lack of appropriate visual stimulation—might be one source of these defects. This thought is in line with previous findings in children brought up in orphanages with poor environmental stimulation, hypothesizing that the minimalist architectural style prevailing for the last several decades is among the potential contributing factors. The process of eliminating organized complexity characteristic of organic forms may prove to be detrimental for humanity’s future, providing suboptimal environmental stimulation and opportunities for interaction during the critical stages of brain development.

Well-Being Perception During COVID-19 Pandemic in Healthy Adolescents: Evidence From the Avatar Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Mastorci ◽  
Luca Bastiani ◽  
Gabriele Trivellini ◽  
Cristina Doveri ◽  
Anselmo Casu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Skills ◽  
Emotional Status ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Environmental Deprivation

Abstract Background COVID-19 pandemic provided an extraordinary and naturalistic context to observe young people’s psychosocial profile and to study how a condition of environmental deprivation and lack of direct social contact, affect the well-being and health status of adolescents. The current study explored whether the COVID-19 outbreak changes, in the short term, the acute well-being perception in adolescents, as measured by a Personalised Well-being Index (PWBI) and the four components affecting health (i.e. lifestyle habits, social context, emotional status, mental skills), in a sample of early adolescent students. Methods Data were collected in 1019 adolescents (boys 48.3%, mean age 12.53 ± 1.25), at the beginning of school year (Baseline Condition, BC) as part of the AVATAR project and during the Italian lockdown phase (LP) using online questionnaire. Results During COVID-19 quarantine, adolescents showed a lower PWBI (p = 0.000) as compared to the baseline conditions. Considering the four health-related well-being components, lifestyle habits (p = 0.000), social context (p = 0.000), and emotional status (p = 0.000), showed significantly lower values during lockdown phase than baseline ones. However, mental skills, in LP, displayed a significant increase as compared to pre-COVID conditions (p = 0.000). Conclusions In this study, we have provided data on the personalised well-being index and the different components affecting health in adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown, showing a general decreased in well-being perception, expressed in the lifestyle habits, social, and emotional components, demonstrating detrimental effects in the first phase of quarantine on adolescents’psychosocial profile. Our result shed new light on adolescence as a crucial period of risk behaviour, especially when social support is lacking.

The Significance of an Abnormal EEG in Psychopathic Personalities

1972 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Harper ◽  
Marion Morris ◽  
Jean Bleyerveld
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Environmental Deprivation ◽  
Organic Disorder

The clinical features of 100 patients with psychopathic personalities presenting to an acute psychiatric service are described. Neurotic symptoms were frequently found to co-exist with psychopathic traits. Fifty-three patients had abnormal electroencephalograms. The abnormalities were significantly negatively correlated with age, and positively with the occurrence of epileptic convulsions, but few other significant clinical correlates were found. It is suggested that an abnormal EEG may be positively misleading if misinterpreted as evidence of epilepsy or of an “organic” disorder. The medico-legal and therapeutic implications of this conclusion are discussed. It is suggested that environmental deprivation may be one of the factors responsible for the delay in electroencephalographic maturation so frequently found in psychopaths.

scholarly journals Disaggregating Ecosystem Benefits: An Integrated Environmental-Deprivation Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily C. Hazell
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Environmental Deprivation

The valuation of ecosystem services has become an integral part of smart urban planning practices. Traditionally designed to bridge ecology and economy through economic language and logic (e.g., goods and services), this conceptual framework has developed into an effective tool for interdisciplinary work. The concept of ecosystem services is used to improve the management of ecosystems for human well-being. However, gaps in how to govern ecological benefits remain. Specifically, identifying which stakeholders benefit the most from the provision of ecosystem services remains largely unaddressed. This study examines the spatial discordance between ecosystem services and the residential stakeholders who may benefit. Using a landscape approach to quantify urban ecosystem services, an area-based composite index was developed for the City of Toronto, Canada, based on the three pillars of sustainability in order to identify potentially vulnerable populations. This method combines the use of principal component analysis (PCA) and spatial multicriteria decision analysis (GIS-MCDA) to combine and weight a select grouping of socioeconomic and ecological indicators. In addition, two sets of enumeration units (i.e., dissemination areas and census tracts) were evaluated to assess the potential impact of measurement scale on subsequent decision or policy outcomes. Results indicate the spatial interdependencies between ecological and socioeconomic processes in an urban setting, offering a unique framework for novel planning and policy intervention strategies. The influence of measurement scale was demonstrated, creating an opportunity to assess an appropriate policy scale by which to measure and evaluate trends over time and space. This approach seeks to provide a flexible and intuitive planning tool that can help to achieve goals relating to urban sustainability, resiliency and equity.

Longitudinal Evaluation Using the Environmental Deprivation Scale—Questionnaire with Felons

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1218-1218
Author(s):  
Arnold Del Witherspoon ◽  
Jennifer D. Chubick
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Evaluation ◽  
Questionnaire Score ◽  
The Status ◽  
Environmental Deprivation

The status of 32 felons was examined two years after they had completed the Environmental Deprivation Scale. Those who violated parole or probation scored significantly differently from those who remained on parole or probation or had been released. The questionnaire score could be helpful to identify which felons require additional supervision or treatment. Larger samples and extended evaluation are necessary for firm conclusions.

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