Dietary and Supplemental Long-Chain N3 Fatty Acids and Incident Type 2 Diabetes

2016 ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
L.M. Steffen ◽  
B.T. Steffen
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Associations of circulating very-long-chain saturated fatty acids and incident type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 1216-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M Fretts ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Matti Marklund ◽  
Renata Micha ◽  
Jason H Y Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Long Chain

ABSTRACT Background Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of different chain lengths have unique metabolic and biological effects, and a small number of recent studies suggest that higher circulating concentrations of the very-long-chain SFAs (VLSFAs) arachidic acid (20:0), behenic acid (22:0), and lignoceric acid (24:0) are associated with a lower risk of diabetes. Confirmation of these findings in a large and diverse population is needed. Objective We investigated the associations of circulating VLSFAs 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 with incident type 2 diabetes in prospective studies. Methods Twelve studies that are part of the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium participated in the analysis. Using Cox or logistic regression within studies and an inverse-variance-weighted meta-analysis across studies, we examined the associations of VLSFAs 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 with incident diabetes among 51,431 participants. Results There were 14,276 cases of incident diabetes across participating studies. Higher circulating concentrations of 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 were each associated with a lower risk of incident diabetes. Pooling across cohorts, the RR (95% CI) for incident diabetes comparing the 90th percentile to the 10th percentile was 0.78 (0.70, 0.87) for 20:0, 0.84 (0.77, 0.91) for 22:0, and 0.75 (0.69, 0.83) for 24:0 after adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, adiposity, and other health factors. Results were fully attenuated in exploratory models that adjusted for circulating 16:0 and triglycerides. Conclusions Results from this pooled analysis indicate that higher concentrations of circulating VLSFAs 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 are each associated with a lower risk of diabetes.

scholarly journals Trans Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Pooled Analysis from 10 Prospective Cohort Studies in the Fatty Acids and Outcome Research Consortium (FORCE) (OR33-02-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Lai ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Andres Ardisson Korat ◽  
Rachel Murphy ◽  
Nathan Tintle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Average Maximum

Abstract Objectives To assess prospective association between circulating biomarkers of individual trans fatty acids (TFAs) and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) in diverse populations. Methods A harmonized analysis of individual level data was conducted for TFA biomarkers and incident T2D by pooling ten prospective cohort or nested-case-control studies from five countries (Australia, Germany, Iceland, UK, and USA). Fatty acids (FAs) were measured in plasma phospholipid, red blood cell membrane phospholipid, or total plasma collected between 1990–2008 from 22,711 participants aged ≥18 years without prevalent diabetes. Evaluated TFAs included trans-16:1n-9, sum of trans-18:1 isomers (trans-18:1n6 to trans-18:1n12), sum of trans-18:2 isomers (cis/trans-18:2, trans/cis-18:2, trans/trans-18:2), and individual trans-18:2 isomers. The multivariable-adjusted relative risk or odds ratio was estimated in each cohort by lipid compartments using a pre-specified protocol for definitions of exposures, covariates, and outcomes for statistical analysis. Association estimates were pooled using fixed-effects inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. Results During an average maximum of 14 years of follow-up, 2244 cases of incident T2D were identified. Median levels of TFAs across cohorts were 0.05–0.18% total FAs for trans-16:1n-9, 0.09–2.05% for total trans-18:1, 0.10–0.73% for total trans-18:2, and 0.01–0.36% for individual trans-18:2 isomers. In overall pooled analysis, TFAs evaluated per inter-quintile range were not significantly associated with risk of T2D (Figure 1). Findings were consistent when TFAs were assessed categorically in study specific-quintiles, and when associations were pooled within lipid compartment (i.e., phospholipids vs. total plasma). Conclusions Overall, biomarker levels of TFAs were not significantly associated with risk of incident T2D in this international pooling project. Findings may be due to mixed TFA sources (industrial vs. ruminant), a general decline in TFA exposure during this period, or no effect of circulating TFA on diabetes. Associations of TFA biomarkers with T2D at higher exposures should be investigated. Funding Sources See Table 1. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Circulating metabolic biomarkers consistently predict incident type 2 diabetes in Asian and European populations - a plasma metabolomics analysis of four ethnic groups

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jowy Yi Hoong Seah ◽  
Yueheng Hong ◽  
Anna Cichońska ◽  
Charumathi Sabanayagam ◽  
Simon Nusinovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
European Population ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Biomarkers

Aims/hypothesis: We aimed to evaluate metabolic biomarkers in relation to incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) representing three major ethnic groups in Asia (Chinese, Malay, and Indian) and a European population. Methods: We used data from male and female adult participants of multiple cohorts, including two cohorts from Singapore (n = 6,393 Asians) consisting of ethnic Chinese, Malays, and Indians, and three cohorts of European-origin participants from Finland (n = 14,558). We used nuclear magnetic resonance to quantify 154 metabolic biomarkers in plasma collected at baseline and performed multivariable logistic regression to assess associations between the metabolic measures and risk of T2D with adjustments for age, sex, BMI and either fasting glucose or glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Results: Of 154 metabolic biomarkers, 59 were associated with higher risk of T2D in both Asians and Europeans (P < 0.0003; Bonferroni-corrected). These included branched-chain and aromatic amino acids and alanine, the inflammatory marker glycoprotein acetyls, total fatty acids, the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids, apolipoprotein B, larger very low-density lipoprotein particle sizes, and triglycerides. A further 13 metabolic biomarkers were associated with lower T2D risk in both populations including proportion of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and larger high-density lipoprotein particle sizes. Associations were consistent within the Asian ethnic groups (Phet ≥ 0.05 for all 154 metabolic biomarkers) and largely consistent with the European population (Phet ≥ 0.05 for 128 of 154 metabolic biomarkers). Conclusions/interpretation: Metabolic biomarkers across a variety of biological pathways were consistently associated with T2D risk in three Asian ethnic groups and a European population.

scholarly journals Erythrocyte n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Gut Microbiota, and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study

Diabetes Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 2435-2443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zelei Miao ◽  
Jie-sheng Lin ◽  
Yingying Mao ◽  
Geng-dong Chen ◽  
Fang-fang Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes

scholarly journals Erythrocyte Saturated Fatty Acids and Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Men and Women: A Prospective Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie-sheng Lin ◽  
Hong-li Dong ◽  
Geng-dong Chen ◽  
Zhan-yong Chen ◽  
Xiao-wei Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes

The association between circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) is reported in Western populations with inconsistent results, while evidence from Asian populations is scarce. We aimed to examine the associations between erythrocyte SFAs and incident T2D in a Chinese population. Between 2008 and 2013, a total of 2683 participants, aged 40–75 years, free of diabetes were included in the present analyses. Incident T2D cases were ascertained during follow-up visits. Gas chromatography was used to measure erythrocyte fatty acids at baseline. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During 13,508 person years of follow-up, 216 T2D cases were identified. Compared with the first quartile, multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of the fourth quartile were 1.20 (0.82–1.76; p = 0.242) for myristic acid (14-carbon tail, zero double bonds; 14:0), 0.69 (0.48–0.99; p = 0.080) for palmitic acid (16:0), 1.49 (1.02–2.19; p = 0.047) for stearic acid (18:0), 1.46 (1.00–2.12; p = 0.035) for arachidic acid (20:0), 1.48 (0.99–2.22; p = 0.061) for behenic acid (22:0), and 1.08 (0.74–1.56; p = 0.913) for lignoceric acid (24:0). Our findings indicate that individual erythrocyte SFAs are associated with T2D in different directions, with 18:0 and 20:0 SFAs positively associated with the risk, whereas no convincing inverse association for 16:0 SFAs.

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acids and incident type 2 diabetes: the Singapore Chinese Health Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 520-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana P Brostow ◽  
Andrew O Odegaard ◽  
Woon-Puay Koh ◽  
Sue Duval ◽  
Myron D Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Singapore Chinese
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