THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT: BLOOD AND TISSUE FLUIDS

2014 ◽  
pp. 449-458
Author(s):  
WILLIAM ROBERT FEARON
Keyword(s):  
Internal Environment ◽  
Tissue Fluids

Ultrastructure of Lymphatic Capillaries in the Transport of Colloidal Particles

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 186-187
Author(s):  
L. V. Leak ◽  
J. F. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Thorium Dioxide ◽  
Lymphatic Capillary ◽  
Tissue Area ◽  
Rapid Removal ◽  
Tissue Fluids

The vital role played by the lymphatic capillaries in the transfer of tissue fluids and particulate materials from the connective tissue area can be demonstrated by the rapid removal of injected vital dyes into the tissue areas. In order to ascertain the mechanisms involved in the transfer of substances from the connective tissue area at the ultrastructural level, we have injected colloidal particles of varying sizes which range from 80 A up to 900-mμ. These colloidal particles (colloidal ferritin 80-100A, thorium dioxide 100-200 A, biological carbon 200-300 and latex spheres 900-mμ) are injected directly into the interstitial spaces of the connective tissue with glass micro-needles mounted in a modified Chambers micromanipulator. The progress of the particles from the interstitial space into the lymphatic capillary lumen is followed by observing tissues from animals (skin of the guinea pig ear) that were injected at various time intervals ranging from 5 minutes up to 6 months.

Daylight in Underground Spaces

2018 ◽  
pp. 156-161
Author(s):  
Alexei K. Solovyov
Keyword(s):  
Light Guide ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Diameters

Underground spaces in town centres present a big attraction for investors. However, they put special requirements to the internal environment. Those requirements can be fulfilled by means of daylighting. Examples of lighting of underground spaces are discussed. It is shown that the common systems of natural lighting are not always possible to use and cause big heat losses. Hollow light guide pipes allow avoid the shortcomings of common daylight systems. Method of calculation of daylight factors from hollow light guide pipes is shown. The results of calculation of daylight factors under the light guide pipes of different diameters in the different depths are presented.

Features of sanitary and hygienic characteristics of silvinite complexes

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
E. Ryazanova ◽  
V. Barannikov ◽  
V. Khokhryakova ◽  
L. Kirichenko ◽  
S. Selivanova
Keyword(s):  
Video Camera ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Medical Environment ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Salt Complex ◽  
Radio Equipment ◽  
Environment Noise ◽  
Medical University

Currently, medical technologies based on natural factors are widely used in practical health care, including the effect of the medicinal properties of the mineral silvinite (natural potassium salts of the Verkhnekamsk Deposit) on the patient’s body. However, there is no regulatory framework for sanitary control of such devices. The aim of the study was to develop methodological approaches to the hygienic assessment of silvinite complexes. The analysis of the current regulations used in carrying out hygienic supervision and preventive measures in the salt structures that are part of the silvinite complexes is carried out. Based on long-term hygienic studies of silvinite structures by the salt treatment Center of Perm medical University. academician E. A. Wagner together with LLC NPK «Medical climate» (Tchaikovsky) developed and implemented sanitary and hygienic requirements for the created salt complexes. It is a complex of structural divisions, including the place of stay and treatment of patients, as well as the salt device. All units must meet the requirements of current sanitary rules and regulations. It is necessary to conduct a thorough survey of the location of the future salt complex. Optimal conditions of the internal environment in silvinite structures are determined by a special air preparation system consisting of air conditioning and cleaning of the external air using a filter-saturator. The special hygienic requirements of the sylvinite furniture in the room, the decoration of walls, ceilings and floors. The room must be equipped with radio equipment and a video camera for monitoring patients. Full expanded hygienic control of the parameters of the medical environment of silvinite premises should be carried out at least once a year according to the following indicators: microclimate parameters, content of multicomponent fine salt aerosol, aeroionic composition of the air environment, radiation background, microbial contamination of the internal environment, noise and light levels. Thus, increasing the use of salt therapy requires further research to improve the sanitary and hygienic control of silvinite complexes.

ACTUALIZATION OF COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY AND MARKETING TOOLS

2019 ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
T.N. Makarova ◽  
N.A. Skvortsova
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Environment Factors

Perfection of mercantile business activity assumes active use of marketing and commercial toolkit. The tools system should be actualized taking into account the influence of the external and internal environment factors. New conditions of conducting entrepreneurial activity require modernization and optimization of applied toolkit.

Metabolism, homeostasis and growth

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Burton ◽  
Margaret Burton
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
White Muscle ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Ion Regulation ◽  
Yolk Proteins ◽  
Active Substances

Metabolism consists of the sum of anabolism (construction) and catabolism (destruction) with the release of energy, and achieving a fairly constant internal environment (homeostasis). The aquatic external environment favours differences from mammalian pathways of excretion and requires osmoregulatory adjustments for fresh water and seawater though some taxa, notably marine elasmobranchs, avoid osmoregulatory problems by retaining osmotically active substances such as urea, and molecules protecting tissues from urea damage. Ion regulation may occur through chloride cells of the gills. Most fish are not temperature regulators but a few are regional heterotherms, conserving heat internally. The liver has many roles in metabolism, including in some fish the synthesis of antifreeze seasonally. Maturing females synthesize yolk proteins in the liver. Energy storage may include the liver and, surprisingly, white muscle. Fish growth can be indeterminate and highly variable, with very short (annual) life cycles or extremely long cycles with late and/or intermittent reproduction.

scholarly journals Research of the Technical Seismicity Due to Blasting Works in Quarries and Their Impact on the Environment and Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2118
Author(s):  
Jan Feher ◽  
Jozef Cambal ◽  
Blazej Pandula ◽  
Julian Kondela ◽  
Marian Sofranko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Vibration Acceleration ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Vibration Intensity ◽  
Timing Interval ◽  
Millisecond Timing ◽  
The Impact

Vibrations caused by blasting works have an impact not only on buildings but also the internal environment of the buildings. If these buildings are situated in the surroundings of quarries, the citizens can perceive these vibrations negatively. By applying an appropriate millisecond timing interval, it is possible to lower the intensity of vibrations to the levels that the citizens will not perceive as negative effects inside the buildings. The limit values for this vibration intensity have not been defined to date. For the protection of the building from the vibrations, normative values of the particle velocity and frequency were determined. Hygienic standards for the inhabitants of the housing were applied, which assessed the impact of the vibration on humans through the measurement of the vibration acceleration in the housing. In this article, the results of the research carried out in Trebejov Quarry are presented. The experimental blasts carried out in Trebejov Quarry proved that the reduction in the vibration intensity under the value 2 mm.s−1 led to the satisfaction of the inhabitants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document