Long term mortality in a population-based cohort of adolescents, and young and middle-aged adults with burn injury in Western Australia: A 33-year study

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine M. Duke ◽  
James H. Boyd ◽  
Sean M. Randall ◽  
Fiona M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Long Term Mortality

scholarly journals Long-term mortality among older adults with burn injury: a population-based study in Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 400-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine M Duke ◽  
James H Boyd ◽  
Suzanne Rea ◽  
Sean M Randall ◽  
Fiona M Wood
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Long Term Mortality

scholarly journals The Western Australia Population-based Burn Injury Project: Using record linkage to examine long-term effects of burn injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Duke ◽  
James Boyd ◽  
Sean Randall ◽  
Mark Fear ◽  
Fiona Wood
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Severe Burns ◽  
Disease Specific

ABSTRACTObjectivesWhile the most obvious impact of a burn is a visible scar, there are hidden impacts. The main contributors to adverse health outcomes after burns are the metabolic, inflammatory, immune and endocrine changes that occur in response to the initial injury. These responses have been shown to persist for at least three years after paediatric severe burns, with adverse effects to the circulatory and musculoskeletal systems. Recent evidence demonstrates that minor burns and severe burns can trigger these systemic responses. Currently, minimal data on the long-term effects of burns are available, and the data that do exist are primarily related to paediatric severe burns. We have used population-based record linkage to support a research program to shed light on the spectrum of long-term morbidity, expressed in terms of hospital admissions, experienced by burn patients to guide burn clinicians in the management of their patients. We report here our current findings of post-burn mortality and morbidity.ApproachA population-based longitudinal study using linked hospital morbidity and death data from Western Australia was undertaken of all persons hospitalised for a first burn injury (n=30,997) in 1980–2012 and a frequency matched non-injury comparison cohort, randomly selected from Western Australia’s birth registrations and electoral roll (n = 127,000). Crude admission rates and cumulative length of stay for disease-specific admissions were calculated. Negative binomial and Cox proportional hazards regression modelling were used to generate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and hazard ratios (HR), respectively, adjusting for sociodemographic and health factors. ResultsFor both paediatric and adult burn patients we identified increased long-term all-cause mortality (IRR, 95%CI: <15 years: 1.6, 1.3-2.0; 15-44 years: 1.8, 1.7-2.0; ≥ 45 years: 1.4, 1.3-1.5). Increased post-burn discharge health service use for cardiovascular diseases (IRR, 95%CI: <15 years: 1.3, 1.1-1.6; 15-44 years: 1.6, 1.4-1.7; ≥ 45 years: 1.5, 1.4-1.6) and musculoskeletal conditions (IRR, 95%CI: <20 years: 1.9, 1.7-2.1; ≥ 20 years: 2.0, 1.9-2.1) were also found. Analyses found significantly elevated admission rates for minor and severe burns. Adjusted HRs identified time periods after discharge where burn patients experienced significantly elevated disease-specific incident admissions (results not provided).ConclusionsBoth minor and severe burns were associated with increased long-term cardiovascular and musculoskeletal morbidity and mortality. These results identify treatment needs for burn patients for a prolonged time after discharge. Further research that links primary care and pharmaceutical data is required to facilitate identification of at-risk patients and appropriate treatment pathways to reduce post-burn morbidity.

scholarly journals Factors associated with sarcopenia screened by finger-circle test among middle-aged and older adults: a population-based multisite cross-sectional survey in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Watanabe ◽  
Tsukasa Yoshida ◽  
Takashi Nakagata ◽  
Naomi Sawada ◽  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mail Surveys ◽  
Osaka Prefecture ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

AbstractBackgroundPrevious epidemiological studies have demonstrated the prevalence and relationship of various factors associated with sarcopenia in older adults; however, few have examined the status of sarcopenia in middle-aged adults. In this study, we aimed to, 1) evaluate the validity of the finger-circle test, which is potentially a useful screening tool for sarcopenia, and 2) determine the prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults.MethodsWe conducted face-to-face surveys of 525 adults, who were aged 40–91 years and resided in Settsu City, Osaka Prefecture, Japan to evaluate the validity of finger-circle test. The finger-circle test evaluated calf circumference by referring to an illustration printed on the survey form. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) was plotted to evaluate the validity of the finger-circle test for screening sarcopenia and compared to that evaluated by skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) measured using bioimpedance. We also conducted multisite population-based cross-sectional anonymous mail surveys of 9337 adults, who were aged 40–97 years and resided in Settsu and Hannan Cities, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. Participants were selected through stratified random sampling by sex and age in the elementary school zones of their respective cities. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis to explore associations between characteristics and prevalence of sarcopenia.ResultsSarcopenia, defined by SMI, was moderately predicted by a finger-circle test response showing that the subject’s calf was smaller than their finger-circle (AUROC: 0.729, < 65 years; 0.653, ≥65 years); such subjects were considered to have sarcopenia. In mail surveys, prevalence of sarcopenia screened by finger-circle test was higher in older subjects (approximately 16%) than in middle-aged subjects (approximately 8–9%). In a multiple regression model, the factors associated with sarcopenia were age, body mass index, smoking status, self-reported health, and number of meals in all the participants.ConclusionsSarcopenia, screened by the finger-circle test, was present not only among older adults but also among middle-aged adults. These results may provide useful indications for developing public health programs, not only for the prevention, but especially for the management of sarcopenia.Trial registrationUMIN000036880, registered prospectively May 29, 2019, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000042027

scholarly journals Increased long‐term mortality after open colorectal cancer surgery; a multicenter population‐based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Fahim ◽  
Lea M. Dijksman ◽  
Thijs A. Burghgraef ◽  
Paul B. van der Nat ◽  
Wouter J.M. Derksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Surgery ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Long Term Mortality

scholarly journals Long-term mortality due to infection associated with elevated liver enzymes: a population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tak Kyu Oh ◽  
Eun Sun Jang ◽  
In-Ae Song
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Long Term Mortality

AbstractWe aimed to investigate whether elevated liver enzymes in the adult population were associated with mortality due to infection. As a population-based cohort study, data from the National Health Insurance Service Health Screening Cohort were used. Adult individuals (aged ≥ 40 years) who underwent standardized medical examination between 2002 and 2003 were included, and infectious mortality was defined as mortality due to infection between 2004 and 2015. Aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP), AST/ALT ratio, and dynamic AST/ALT ratio (dAAR) were included in multivariable Cox modeling. A total of 512,746 individuals were included in this study. Infectious mortality occurred in 2444 individuals (0.5%). In the multivariable model, moderate and severe elevation in AST was associated with 1.94-fold [hazard ratio (HR):1.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.71–2.19; P < 0.001] and 3.93-fold (HR: 3.93, 95% CI 3.05–5.07; P < 0.001) higher infectious mortality respectively, compared with the normal AST group. Similar results were observed for moderate and severe elevation in ALT and mild, moderate, and severe elevation in γ-GTP. Additionally, a 1-point increase in the AST/ALT ratio and dAAR was associated with higher infection mortality. Elevated liver enzymes (AST, ALT, AST/ALT ratio, γ-GTP, and dAAR) were associated with increased infectious mortality.

Long‐term adiposity is associated with poorer cognitive performance in middle‐aged adults at high risk of Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca West ◽  
Ramit Ravona‐Springer ◽  
Inbal Sharvit‐Ginon ◽  
Sapir Golan ◽  
Anthony Heymann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Incidence and risk of major heart diseases in middle-aged adults with moderate to severe vision impairment: a population-based cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 1054-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Mei Hsueh ◽  
Jing-Hwa Wey ◽  
Jong-Shiuan Yeh ◽  
Chien-Hua Wu ◽  
Tsan-Hon Liou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Background/aimTo estimate the incidence and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including heart failure and ischaemic heart disease, among middle-aged people with a visual disability (VD).MethodsWe used a national health insurance research database to conduct a population-based cohort study from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2013. Patients with VD aged 35~65 years were recruited. For each VD patient, five age-matched, sex-matched and comorbidity-matched patients were randomly selected and recruited as controls. Control patients had no documented disability.ResultsThis study recruited 978 patients with VD (mean age±SD, 55.1±7.8 years; 48.9% male) and 4677 controls. Compared with the same sex of the controls, women with VD had higher incidence of MACE 1 (7.9 vs 2.8/1000 person-years, p<0.001), MACE 2 (27.5 vs 16.9/1000 person-years, p<0.001), MACE 3 (3.7 vs 1.4/1000 person-years, p<0.005) and MACE 4 (4.5 vs 2.5/1000 person-years, p<0.05), and men with VD had higher incidence of MACE 1 (4.6 vs 2.0/1000 person-years, p<0.005). Compared with the controls, patients with VD had lower cumulative MACE 1~MACE 4-free probabilities and had an independently higher risk of MACE 1~MACE 4 during the 13-year study, yielding an adjusted hazard ratio range of 1.31~2.75. Those persons with VD who had diabetes and hypertension had greater risks of MACE 1~MACE 4.ConclusionsMiddle-aged adults with VD were at risk of MACEs. A programme for MACE prevention is important for middle-aged people with VD. This is especially true for women and for those who also have diabetes and hypertension.

scholarly journals Increased mortality in patients with corticosteroid-dependent asthma: a nationwide population-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1900804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Jiin Ryu ◽  
Eunwoo Nam ◽  
Sung Jun Chung ◽  
Yoomi Yeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baseline Period ◽  
Population Based ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Korean National Health Insurance ◽  
Independent Cohort ◽  
Long Term Mortality

IntroductionChronic systemic corticosteroid (CS) therapy is associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with many chronic diseases. However, it has not been elucidated whether chronic systemic CS therapy is associated with increased mortality in patients with asthma. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chronic systemic CS therapy on long-term mortality in adult patients with asthma.MethodsA population-based matched cohort study of males and females aged ≥18 years with asthma was performed using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database from 2005 to 2015. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval for all-cause mortality among patients in the CS-dependent cohort (CS use ≥6 months during baseline period) relative to those in the CS-independent cohort (CS use <6 months during baseline period) was evaluated.ResultsThe baseline cohort included 466 941 patients with asthma, of whom 8334 were CS-dependent and 458 607 were CS-independent. After 1:1 matching, 8334 subjects with CS-independent asthma were identified. The HR of mortality associated with CS-dependent asthma relative to CS-independent asthma was 2.17 (95% CI 2.04–2.31). In patients receiving low-dose CS, the HR was 1.84 (95% CI 1.69–2.00); in patients receiving high-dose CS, the HR was 2.56 (95% CI 2.35–2.80).ConclusionsIn this real-world, clinical practice, observational study, chronic use of systemic CS was associated with increased risk of mortality in patients with asthma, with a significant dose–response relationship between systemic CS use and long-term mortality.

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