Spatio-temporal profiling of abscisic acid, indoleacetic acid and jasmonic acid in single rice seed during seed germination

Maize grains (Zea mays convar. Indentata Sturt.) were treated with non-thermal plasma, where Gliding Arc plasma discharge at an atmospheric pressure was used (working gas: Air; time duration: 0 s, 180 s, 300 s, 600 s). The experiment was conducted at a temperature of 18 °C, light/dark 12/12 h, and a light intensity of 100 µmol/m2s. Seed germination, seedling growth, photosynthetic parameters, and hormone (abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and cytokinin) contents were measured. The highest stimulation of seed germination (to 141%), root length (to 221%), shoot length (to 298%), and root weight (to 122%) in comparison with the control was recorded after Gliding Arc plasma treatment for 600 s. The photochemical and non-photochemical Chl fluorescence parameters were not significantly affected by Gliding Arc plasma treatment. In contrast, hormonal pools in maize were significantly affected. The short-term plasma treatment (180 s) was associated with a decrease in the stress hormones abscisic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and jasmonate isoleucine, while indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinin precursors were elevated. Longer-term treatment (300 s, 600 s) had an opposite effect—an elevation of abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and jasmonate isoleucine as well as active cytokinins. The content of auxin decreased. Gliding plasma treatment may significantly affect maize physiology, dependent on the treatment duration.

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cis-12-Oxo-phytodienoic acid represses Arabidopsis seed germination in shade conditions

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/erz337 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (20) ◽

pp. 5919-5927 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thiago Barros-Galvão ◽

Anuja Dave ◽

Adama Cole ◽

David Harvey ◽

Swen Langer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Essential Role ◽

Combined Effect ◽

Negative Regulator ◽

Significant Extent ◽

Arabidopsis Seed ◽

Seed Age

Abstract Light-dependent seed germination is induced by gibberellins (GA) and inhibited by abscisic acid (ABA). The widely accepted view of the GA/ABA ratio controlling germination does not, however, explain the fact that seeds deficient in ABA still germinate poorly under shade conditions that repress germination. In Arabidopsis, MOTHER-OF-FT-AND-TFL1 (MFT) acts as a key negative regulator of germination, modulating GA and ABA responses under shade conditions. Under full light the oxylipin cis-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a precursor of the stress-related phytohormone jasmonic acid, interacts with ABA and MFT to repress germination. Here, we show that under shade conditions both OPDA and ABA repress germination to varying extents. We demonstrate that the level of shade-induced MFT expression influences the ability of OPDA and/or ABA to fully repress germination. We also found that MFT expression decreases with seed age and this again correlates with the response of seeds to OPDA and ABA. We conclude that OPDA plays an essential role alongside ABA in repressing germination in response to shade and the combined effect of these phytohormones is integrated to a significant extent through MFT.

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Harvest Time and Storage Condition Affect Germination, Moisture, Abscisic Acid, and Indoleacetic Acid in Pecan

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.5.1235 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 1235-1237 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pedro Jover ◽

Frank B. Matta ◽

Fawad S. Shah

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Indoleacetic Acid ◽

Storage Condition ◽

Harvest Time ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Moisture Percentage ◽

Subsequent Storage ◽

And Storage

Moisture percentage, free abscisic acid, and total indoleacetic acid (IAA) content were determined at shuck-split in `Hughes' and `Owens' pecan kernels (nuts harvested from the tree), immediately after harvest from the ground, and after subsequent storage periods of 45, 90, and 135 d at 3 °C or 10 °C. In `Hughes', seed germination increased when nuts were harvested from the tree compared with germination of nuts harvested from the ground or nonstratified and stratified nuts. Germination of nuts harvested from the ground did not differ from germination of nuts stored at 3 °C in moist media for 45, 90, or 135 d. Significant positive correlation between germination of `Hughes' and `Owens' and moisture percentage was observed. There was no relationship between abscisic acid levels and germination in either cultivar. However, there was a significant correlation between germination of `Hughes' and IAA. Germination of `Owens' did not correlate with IAA levels.

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Interaction of abscisic acid and jasmonic acid on the inhibition of seed germination and the induction of freezing tolerance

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b94-127 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (7) ◽

pp. 1009-1017 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Ronald W. Wilen ◽

Bruce E. Ewan ◽

Lawrence V. Gusta

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Freezing Tolerance ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

Detectable Effect ◽

Suspension Cell Culture ◽

Germination Inhibition ◽

Cress Seed ◽

Key Words Abscisic Acid

The possible interaction of the two growth regulators, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid, on the inhibition of seed germination and the induction of freezing tolerance in bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) cell cultures was investigated. Both of these processes are known to be affected by exogenous abscisic acid. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), cornflower (Centurae gynura), cress seed (Lepidium sativum), maize (Zea mays), and wheat (Triticum aestivum) seeds were treated with varying concentrations of abscisic acid and jasmonic acid, either alone or in combination. In all species, seed germination was inhibited by 10 μM abscisic acid at 23 °C. In contrast, at 23 °C, jasmonic acid was partially inhibitory only at 100 μM; however, 10 μM jasmonic acid inhibited germination in all species at 10 °C. Jasmonic acid in combination with abscisic acid resulted in a higher degree of germination inhibition at 23 °C in all species than either growth regulator applied separately. Treatment of a bromegrass suspension cell culture with 75 μM abscisic acid at 25 °C for 7 days increased the freezing tolerance from −10 °C to lower than −35 °C. In contrast, jasmonic acid (0.25–75 μM) had no detectable effect on freezing tolerance. Jasmonic acid in combination with suboptimal concentrations of abscisic acid, however, enhanced the abscisic acid-induced freezing tolerance in these cells. In contrast, a combination of 75 μM abscisic acid and 25 or 75 μM jasmonic acid reduced the freezing tolerance of these cells compared with treatment with abscisic acid alone. Key words: abscisic acid, freezing tolerance, germination, jasmonic acid.

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β-galactosidase is involved in rice seed germination

Seed Science and Technology ◽

10.15258/sst.2021.49.3.07 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qi Zhang ◽

Yuanxuan Peng ◽

Xiumei Li ◽

Bingxian Chen ◽

Jun Liu

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Practical Significance ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Galactosidase Activity ◽

Transcriptional Expression ◽

Homologous Genes ◽

Germination Process ◽

The Relationship ◽

Rice Embryo

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between β-galactosidase and rice seed germination. Exogenous β-galactosidase (1 U) facilitated germination while abscisic acid (ABA) delayed germination. Histochemical staining and spectrophotometry revealed that the activity of endogenous β-galactosidase increased gradually during germination. 1 µM ABA and GA4+7 could, respectively, inhibit and promote the activity of β-galactosidase in the rice embryo. This indicated that the regulation of rice seed germination by these two phytohormones may be through mediation of β-galactosidase activity. During seed germination, the transcriptional expressions of OsBAGL1, OsBAGL4, OsBAGL8 and OsBAGL11 were higher than those of other homologous genes, suggesting that these four genes may be involved in the germination process. GA4+7 significantly increased the expression of the above four genes. By contrast, the transcriptional expression of OsBAGL8 and OsBAGL11 were significantly reduced by ABA, but not that of OsBAGL1 and OsBAGL4. Our study has important theoretical and practical significance for illustrating the relationship between β-galactosidase and seed germination.

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Paclobutrazol Modulates Endogenous Level of Phytohormones in Inducing Early Flowering in Camellia tamdaoensis Hakoda et Ninh, a Golden Camellia Species

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci16042-21 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Xiaojuan Wei ◽

Siyu Wu ◽

Xiaojing Liang ◽

Kun Wang ◽

Yuejuan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Abscisic Acid ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Indoleacetic Acid ◽

Local Population ◽

Early Flowering ◽

Market Demand ◽

Yellow Color ◽

Camellia Species ◽

Flower Diameter

Golden camellia flowers are treasured for their unique yellow color and bioactive chemical compounds. Because of its high market demand, there is strong interest in inducing early flowering in golden camellias for earlier harvest. Previously, we have successfully induced flowering in Camelia chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama juvenile grafted plants and seedlings with paclobutrazol (PBZ). During this study, we investigated the efficacy of PBZ on C. tamdaoensis juvenile rooted cuttings. C. tamdaoensis is a yellow-flowering camellia species that is native to Vietnam and valued by the local population. It was found that applications of 100 and 200 ppm PBZ generated an average of 13 and 30 flowers per 5-year-old plant, respectively. None of the control plants flowered. The average flower diameter was 17.2 cm for 100-ppm-induced flowers and 26.0 cm for 200-ppm-induced flowers. The dynamics of various phytohormones (indoleacetic acid, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid) were altered by PBZ treatment. It is suggested that low indoleacetic acid, high abscisic acid, and jasmonic acid and a gradual increase in salicylic acid benefit floral initiation of golden camellias. The study provided the first insight regarding the action mechanism of PBZ for the initiation of camellia flowering.

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