scholarly journals Evaluating school and peer protective factors in the effects of interparental conflict on adolescent threat appraisals and self-efficacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 28-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devin M. McCauley ◽  
Bridget B. Weymouth ◽  
Mark E. Feinberg ◽  
Gregory M. Fosco
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Interparental Conflict ◽  
Threat Appraisals

scholarly journals Cascading effects of interparental conflict in adolescence: Linking threat appraisals, self-efficacy, and adjustment

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Fosco ◽  
Mark E. Feinberg
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Interparental Conflict ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risk Process ◽  
Cascade Model ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Threat Appraisals

AbstractThis study examined the longitudinal implications of adolescents' exposure to interparental conflict for their developmental success. In the proposed developmental cascade model, adolescents' perceptions of parental conflict as threatening is a risk factor for diminished self-efficacy, which would account for diminished adjustment. This study presents longitudinal data for 768 sixth-grade students and their families over four time points, ending in eighth grade. Analyses were conducted in three steps. First, replication of longitudinal support for threat as a mediator of the link between interparental conflict and emotional distress was found; however, findings did not support threat as a mediator of behavior problems or subjective well-being. Second, threat was found to mediate the longitudinal association between interparental conflict and self-efficacy. Third, a developmental cascade model supported a risk process in which interparental conflict was related to adolescents' threat appraisals, which undermined self-efficacy beliefs, and was then linked with emotional distress, behavior problems, and subjective well-being.

scholarly journals Implications of interparental conflict for adolescents’ peer relationships: A longitudinal pathway through threat appraisals and social anxiety symptoms.

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1509-1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget B. Weymouth ◽  
Gregory M. Fosco ◽  
Hio Wa Mak ◽  
Keiana Mayfield ◽  
Emily J. LoBraico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Interparental Conflict ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Threat Appraisals

scholarly journals Stress experience and performance during an oral exam: the role of self-efficacy, threat appraisals, anxiety, and cortisol

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Ringeisen ◽  
Stephanie Lichtenfeld ◽  
Sandra Becker ◽  
Nina Minkley
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Oral Exam ◽  
Threat Appraisals ◽  
Stress Experience ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals SELF-EFFICACY AND EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING MAINTENANCE IN THE FIRST MONTHS AFTER CHILDBIRTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Graziela Müller ◽  
Clarissa Bohrer da Silva ◽  
Karen Jeanne Cantarelli ◽  
Monique Eva Vargas Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Telephone Contact ◽  
Proportional Analysis

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess breastfeeding self-efficacy and to verify exclusive breastfeeding maintenance in the first months after childbirth. Method: a prospective cohort study with 115 puerperal women attended at a public hospital in Parobé, Rio Grande do Sul. Data were collected from August to December 2018 using a characterization questionnaire and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. Exclusive breastfeeding maintenance was verified through telephone contact at 30 and 60 days postpartum. Descriptive and proportional analysis was performed. Results: most obtained scores compatible with high self-efficacy (91.3%). The protective factors for exclusive breastfeeding were being 27 years old or less, not having difficulties in breastfeeding in the first 24 hours, and being primigravida. There was no significant relationship between the score and exclusive breastfeeding permanence, although 27% had abandoned it in the 1st month, and 19% in the 2nd month. Conclusions: high scores show that women felt safe and capable of successfully breastfeeding. There is a need for improvement in health care in order to effectively encourage and support in order to obtain better rates of exclusive breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Anxiety Severity, Perceived Risk of COVID-19 and Individual Functioning in Emerging Adults Facing the Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Germani ◽  
Livia Buratta ◽  
Elisa Delvecchio ◽  
Giulia Gizzi ◽  
Claudia Mazzeschi
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
General Health ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Individual Functioning ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
Post Hoc

The COVID-19 pandemic is showing a strong impact on people in terms of uncertainty and instability it has caused in different areas of daily life. Uncertainty and instability are also emotions that characterize emerging adulthood (EA). They generate worries about the present and the future and are a source of anxiety that impacts negatively on personal and interpersonal functioning. Anxiety seems a central effect of the pandemic and recent studies have suggested that it is linked to COVID-19 risk perception. In the present study, a sample of 1045 Italian emerging adults was collected: (1) to assess anxiety severity and perceived risk related to COVID-19 and their association and (2) to compare general health and protective factors such as attitudes about security, relationships, self-esteem, and self-efficacy across anxiety severity and perceived risk categories. The findings of this study highlighted that anxiety severity categories were distributed homogeneously across the sample and that half of the participants referred to moderate-severe anxiety. A series of analysis of variances and post hoc comparisons showed that general health and all protective factors decreased according to anxiety severity. They were higher in participants with high perceived risk, with the exception of self-efficacy. Given the challenging features of the pandemic and EA, it is crucial to monitor anxiety severity in order to prevent last longing effects on mental and physical health, as well as keeping emerging adults informed about the risks related to the pandemic. Intervention and supportive programs based on improving self-esteem and self-efficacy, as well as confidence in relationships, should be offered to emerging adults over the long term, beyond the current outbreak.

scholarly journals Resilience and psychological well-being: differences for affective profiles in Italian middle and late adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elvira De Caroli ◽  
Elisabetta Sagone
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Self Acceptance

This study was focused on the differences for affective profiles on dimensions of resilience and factors of psychological well-being in a sample of Italian middle and late adolescents. We used the Italian Resiliency Attitudes and Skills Profile (De Caroli & Sagone, 2014a), the Psychological Well-Being Scale (Ryff & Keyes, 1995), and the Positive (PA) and Negative (NA) Affect Scale (Di Fabio & Bucci, 2015). We obtained four different combinations of affective profiles: self-fulfilling (high PA and low NA), low affective (low PA and low NA), high affective (high PA and high NA), and self-destructive profile (low PA and high NA). Results: adolescents with self-fulfilling profile reported higher resilience (in detail, sense of humor, competence, adaptability, and engagement) and psychological well-being (that is, autonomy, purpose in life, self-acceptance) than the others. Additionally, boys had greater self-fulfilling profile and scored higher in sense of humor and adaptability than girls, while girls had greater high affective and self-destructive profiles and scored higher in control and engagement than boys. Future developmental and educational research could deepen other protective factors of self-fulfilling profile in adolescence, as self-efficacy and optimism.

Social Connectedness, Self-Efficacy, and Mental Health Outcomes Among Homeless Youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 989-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Begun ◽  
Kimberly A. Bender ◽  
Samantha M. Brown ◽  
Anamika Barman-Adhikari ◽  
Kristin Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Homeless Youth ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes

Homeless youth frequently meet diagnosis criteria for depressive and/or substance use disorder(s). Although prior research has established that both social connectedness and self-efficacy buffer vulnerable youth’s adverse health outcomes, few studies have compared the potential of these protective factors on homeless youth’s mental well-being. The current study analyzes comparative effects of social connectedness and self-efficacy on meeting criteria for major depressive disorder, substance use disorder, and the co-occurrence of both disorders among a sample of 601 service-seeking homeless youth in Austin, Denver, and Los Angeles. Hierarchical logistic regressions indicate that while both social connectedness and self-efficacy constructs are valuable protective factors, social connectedness may offer greater utility, particularly in buffering against more complex mental health outcomes, such as the co-occurrence of depressive and substance use disorders. Accordingly, resource-strapped homeless youth service providers and researchers may benefit from tailoring mental health intervention strategies to further emphasize social connectedness in future efforts.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Resilience Scale for Adolescents (READ) and Measurement Invariance Across Two Different German-Speaking Samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Janousch ◽  
Frederick Anyan ◽  
Odin Hjemdal ◽  
Carmen Nadja Hirt
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
German Speaking

The Resilience Scale for Adolescents (READ) is a highly rated scale for measuring protective factors of resilience. Even though the READ has been validated in several different cultural samples, no studies have validated the READ across samples in German from Switzerland and Germany. The purpose of this study was to explore the construct validity of the German READ version in two samples from two different countries and to test the measurement invariance between those two samples. A German sample (n = 321, M = 12.74, SD = 0.77) and a German-speaking Swiss sample (n = 349, M = 12.67, SD = 0.69) of seventh graders completed the READ, Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-25), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWL). The expected negative correlations between READ and HSCL-25 and the positive correlations between RSE, self-efficacy, and SWL were supported. Furthermore, the results of the measurement invariance demonstrated that the originally proposed five-dimensional structure is equal in the German and Swiss samples, and it can be assumed that the same construct was assessed by excluding one item. The five-factor, 27-item solution is a valid and reliable self-report measure of protective factors between two German-speaking samples.

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