Social Connectedness, Self-Efficacy, and Mental Health Outcomes Among Homeless Youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 989-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Begun ◽  
Kimberly A. Bender ◽  
Samantha M. Brown ◽  
Anamika Barman-Adhikari ◽  
Kristin Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Homeless Youth ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes

Homeless youth frequently meet diagnosis criteria for depressive and/or substance use disorder(s). Although prior research has established that both social connectedness and self-efficacy buffer vulnerable youth’s adverse health outcomes, few studies have compared the potential of these protective factors on homeless youth’s mental well-being. The current study analyzes comparative effects of social connectedness and self-efficacy on meeting criteria for major depressive disorder, substance use disorder, and the co-occurrence of both disorders among a sample of 601 service-seeking homeless youth in Austin, Denver, and Los Angeles. Hierarchical logistic regressions indicate that while both social connectedness and self-efficacy constructs are valuable protective factors, social connectedness may offer greater utility, particularly in buffering against more complex mental health outcomes, such as the co-occurrence of depressive and substance use disorders. Accordingly, resource-strapped homeless youth service providers and researchers may benefit from tailoring mental health intervention strategies to further emphasize social connectedness in future efforts.

scholarly journals Association between mental health comorbidity and health outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Guerrero Fernández de Alba ◽  
Antonio Gimeno-Miguel ◽  
Beatriz Poblador-Plou ◽  
Luis Andrés Gimeno-Feliu ◽  
Ignatios Ioakeim-Skoufa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Emergency Room Visit ◽  
Mental Health Problems

Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is often accompanied by chronic diseases, including mental health problems. We aimed at studying mental health comorbidity prevalence in T2D patients and its association with T2D outcomes through a retrospective, observational study of individuals of the EpiChron Cohort (Aragón, Spain) with prevalent T2D in 2011 (n = 63,365). Participants were categorized as having or not mental health comorbidity (i.e., depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and/or substance use disorder). We performed logistic regression models, controlled for age, sex and comorbidities, to analyse the likelihood of 4-year mortality, 1-year all-cause hospitalization, T2D-hospitalization, and emergency room visit. Mental health comorbidity was observed in 19% of patients. Depression was the most frequent condition, especially in women (20.7% vs. 7.57%). Mortality risk was higher in patients with mental health comorbidity (odds ratio 1.24; 95% confidence interval 1.16–1.31), especially in those with substance use disorder (2.18; 1.84–2.57) and schizophrenia (1.82; 1.50–2.21). Mental health comorbidity also increased the likelihood of all-cause hospitalization (1.16; 1.10–1.23), T2D-hospitalization (1.51; 1.18–1.93) and emergency room visit (1.26; 1.21–1.32). These results suggest that T2D healthcare management should include specific strategies for the early detection and treatment of mental health problems to reduce its impact on health outcomes.

scholarly journals A prospective study of the substance use and mental health outcomes of young adult former and current cannabis users

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 618-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Silins ◽  
Wendy Swift ◽  
Tim Slade ◽  
Barbara Toson ◽  
Bryan Rodgers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals Ordinary magic in extraordinary circumstances: Predictors of positive mental health outcomes for early adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Ashworth ◽  
David W. Putwain ◽  
Shane McLoughlin ◽  
Pooja Saini ◽  
Jennifer Chopra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Good Mental Health ◽  
General Wellbeing

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions have had a negative impact on the mental health and wellbeing of many people worldwide, but there is evidence to suggest this has been a particularly challenging for adolescents. However, there is a paucity of research examining the factors that have promoted good mental health during this time. The aim of the current study was to identify the protective factors among early adolescents in the UK that promoted better mental health outcomes (internalising and externalising difficulties, and wellbeing) during the first national COVID-19 lockdown. Between September and December 2020, 290 11–14 year olds across the North West of England were recruited to complete an online survey, consisting of several measures pertaining to their experiences of lockdown, and their mental health and wellbeing. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyse the data. Results indicated that higher participant-rated lockdown experience (the extent to which it was fun, easy, and good) and higher levels of optimism were protective factors for all three outcomes of interest. Greater adherence to Government guidance was also a protective factor for internalising difficulties and general wellbeing. Stronger family connection was a protective factor for externalising difficulties only, while stronger peer connection was a protective factor for general wellbeing only. In summary, the ‘ordinary magic’ of supportive relationships and positive experiences appear to be some of the key factors needed to ensure adolescents maintain good mental health and wellbeing, and to help them overcome the difficulties posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Understanding Neighborhoods’ Impact on Youth Substance Use and Mental Health Outcomes in Paterson, New Jersey: Protocol for a Community-Based Participatory Research Study

10.2196/29427 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e29427
Author(s):  
Ijeoma Opara ◽  
Noelle R Leonard ◽  
Daneele Thorpe ◽  
Trace Kershaw
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Community Based

Background Substance use among youth is a major public health concern. Of note, substance use among youth is increasing in prevalence, and the incidence of substance use at earlier ages is rising. Given the long-term consequences of early substance use, it is important to identify factors that increase youth vulnerability to drug use, as they may be important targets for future interventions. Objective This study aims to use innovative methods, such as venue-based sampling, to recruit youth who are disconnected from school and use community-based participatory research to gain a better understanding of the prevalence of substance use and important correlates among youth aged between 13 and 21 years in Paterson, New Jersey, a low-income, urban community. The study will use a convergent, mixed methods design involving multiple data collection components and the analysis of a ministrative data source, designed with the strengths of complex intervention frameworks in mind. The overall aims of the study are to identify the prevalence of substance use among youth who are engaged in school and not engaged in school; to understand important antecedents and correlates of substance use; and to use this information to inform social, environmental, and culturally appropriate interventions to address substance use and its correlates among youths in a lower-resourced urban community. Methods This study will use both qualitative and quantitative methods to address important questions. Specifically, semistructured interviews using focus group and interview methodologies will be used to assess youths’ lived experiences and will account for specific details that quantitative methods may not be able to attain. In addition, quantitative methods will be used to examine direct and multilevel associations between neighborhood factors and youth substance use and mental health outcomes. Results A previous analysis from a substance use initiative in Paterson, New Jersey found that youth who use substances such as marijuana and alcohol are more likely to have higher rates of depression and anxiety. On the basis of the research questions, this study will examine the association between neighborhood characteristics, substance use, and mental health symptoms among youth in Paterson by using quantitative and qualitative methods and will use these findings to inform the adaptation of a community- and evidence-based substance use prevention intervention for these youths. Conclusions The findings of this study will provide an important contribution to understanding the role of socioecological factors in predicting substance use and mental health outcomes among youth in a lower-resourced, urban community. Furthermore, these findings will serve as evidence for the development of a culturally informed, community-based prevention program to address substance use disparities for youth, including those who are truant in Paterson, New Jersey. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/29427

scholarly journals Social Connection in Times of Physical Distancing

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 36-36
Author(s):  
Jeongeun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Current Effort ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Key Stakeholders

Abstract COVID-19 has been especially devastating to older adults. To prevent the spread of the virus, physical distancing has become the norm. As a result, there are fewer opportunities available for face-to-face interaction and social activities, which may be particularly harmful to older adults, given their existing loneliness levels. Thus, this symposium brings together a collection of papers that exemplify the interplay of social connection, activities, and mental health outcomes among older adults facing loneliness. The first paper will discuss how activity diversity is linked to higher loneliness and depressive symptoms among heterosexual and LGBTQ older adults. The second paper will present findings on the changes in social connectedness due to physical distancing and their associated impact on the mental health outcomes among older adults. The third paper will present qualitative findings on the effect of physical distancing on older adults' social connectedness using a mixed-method study. The final paper discusses the challenges faced by older adults in their use of digital media for social connection in the present pandemic and highlights some of the population's untapped strengths, which can be leveraged to help them live prosperous online lives. All papers will address practical tips and recommendations for actions, which key stakeholders can take to support older adults during the pandemic. The discussant, Dr. Kahana, will integrate the four papers and highlight the potential and limits of the current effort to address these issues and consider future inquiry routes.

Children of Parents with a Mental Illness — The COPMI Project

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Fudge
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Outcomes For Children ◽  
The Impact

When adults experience mental health problems, the effect on their family members can be immense. The impact on the person's children, both of the parent's behaviour and of their treatment, can be profound but is frequently overlooked by service providers for a range of reasons. The current national COPMI project has been initiated to promote better mental health outcomes for children of parents with a mental illness, especially by providing information and good practice guidance for services and people in the community who work with these families and their children.

An analysis of within-subject and population level risk related to substance use and mental health outcomes among adolescents in the PATH study

2021 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 108385
Author(s):  
Xiao Li ◽  
Jacob T. Borodovsky ◽  
Erin M. Kasson ◽  
Andrea Fentem ◽  
Patricia A. Cavazos-Rehg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes

Self-reassurance and self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts predict depression, anxiety, and perceived stress in help-seeking female family caregivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Arenella ◽  
Ann M. Steffen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACTObjectives:Providing care for an older family member is a common experience for women and has been linked with increased depression, anxiety, and stress for some caregivers. This study aimed to investigate the role of self-reassurance and self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts in mitigating the negative effects of caregiving stressors on mental health.Design:Measures were collected during a pre-intervention assessment for a larger study in the U.S.A. evaluating online interventions for intergenerational caregivers. Hierarchical linear regressions were used to examine the contribution of self-reassurance and self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts on mental health outcomes, after controlling for caregiving-related contextual variables and stressors.Setting:Participants completed online questionnaires on a computer or tablet at their convenience.Participants:Participants were 150 help-seeking adult women providing health-care assistance to older relatives living in the community.Measurements:Measures were completed for the mental health outcomes of depression, anxiety, and stress. Measures also included contextual factors of caregiving and demographics. Cognitive impairment, caregiver assistance, role overload, percentage of care provided, family conflict, self-reassurance, and self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts were also measured.Results:Regression models revealed that both self-reassurance and self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts predicted depression, anxiety, and perceived stress after controlling for caregiving contextual factors and stressors.Conclusions:The results indicate that self-reassurance and self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts are effective resources linked to mental health outcomes. Although results were obtained with cross-sectional data, these findings suggest the potential of targeting these resources in transdiagnostic interventions for family caregivers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document