Retropharyngeal air and pneumomediastinum: a rare complication of influenza A and asthma in an adult

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 338.e1-338.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Niehaus ◽  
Allison Rusgo ◽  
Kevin Roth ◽  
Jeanne L. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Rare Complication

scholarly journals Streptococcal sepsis and periorbital cellulitis as a complication of influenza in a 4-year-old girl

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-315
Author(s):  
Anna Materny ◽  
◽  
Ernest Kuchar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
The Right

Influenza may pave the way for some specific bacterial infections. In this case study we present a rare complication of influenza A infection – periorbital cellulitis followed by streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and scarlet fever. A 4-year-old otherwise healthy girl presented with her mother to a general practitioner with fatigue, irritability and fever not responding to antipyretics. Due to the positive rapid influenza diagnostic test, treatment with oseltamivir was implemented. The Quick Strep Test was negative. During the following days, the patient’s condition worsened, leading to an admission to a paediatric otolaryngology unit. Doctors observed an asymmetrical swelling of the lids with exophthalmos of the right eye, pharyngitis, petechiae in skin folds, a strawberry tongue and skin exfoliation on the lips. The patient was treated with intravenous broadspectrum antibiotics (cefotaxime, vancomycin) and underwent drainage of sinuses, without any significant improvement. On the following day, the girl showed signs of systemic infection, confusion and further swelling of both eyes, and therefore was moved to an intensive care unit. Computed tomography of the head showed signs of periorbital cellulitis with destruction of the surrounding bones. After obtaining a positive blood culture for group A streptococcus, penicillin and clindamycin were immediately administered. The patient’s condition improved within 24 hours. The described case emphasises the importance of yearly influenza vaccination, especially in the groups with risk factors like very young age. Early diagnosis of the streptococcal infection as a complication of influenza and a targeted treatment may prevent the potentially fatal outcome in the form of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.

scholarly journals Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome Complicating Influenza A Infection in a Young Child

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy R. Peters ◽  
Dudley E. Hammon ◽  
Rima J. Jarrah ◽  
Elizabeth L. Palavecino ◽  
Elizabeth S. Blakeney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Tracheal Aspirate ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a potentially lethal but rare complication of influenza infection. We report a case of TSS and influenza A infection in a 5-year-old boy without respiratory symptoms, in whom tracheal aspirate bacterial culture grew a toxin-producing strain of Staphylococcus aureus. Bacterial culture of the upper respiratory tract should be considered in patients with influenza-associated toxic shock syndrome.

scholarly journals A PAEDIATRIC DEATH DUE TO MENINGITIS-AN AUTOPSY DIAGNOSIS OF A RARE COMPLICATION OF INFLUENZA B INFECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-595
Author(s):  
S. R Hulathduwa ◽  
N. Borukgama
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Type B ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Autopsy Diagnosis

Influenza virus belongs to a group of single-stranded RNA viruses in the fam- ily Orthomyxoviridae.  They are subdivided into four types as A, B, C and D.  As Influenza B is considered a milder form of infection not known to be caus- ing pandemics compared to Influenza A, it is equally a less researched topic than Influenza A. However, few studies have shown that the mortality associ- ated with pediatric Influenza B infection is equal to or sometimes even greater than the mortality associated with Influenza A. Complications of Influenza A or B virus infection include pneumonia, myositis, myocarditis and encephali- tis/encephalopathy. Influenza-associated encephalitis/encephalopathy (IAE) is a rare complication of Influenza infection which is commoner following infec- tion with type A. This case elaborates a death of a three-year-old child due to meningoencephalitis following Influenza Type B infection.

scholarly journals CLINICAL СASE OF INFLUENZA A(H1N1) COMPLICATED WITH ACUTE DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
L. N. Mazankova ◽  
T. A. Chebotareva ◽  
E. P. Koval ◽  
M. A. Antsupova ◽  
A. V. Belaya
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Cytopathic Effect ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Neural Tissue ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The defeat of the central nervous system in influenza reflects the properties of both the pathogen itself and the complex pathogenetic mechanisms of the influenza infectious process.  Existing modern  theories do not fully explain the pathological conditions of influenza in the central nervous system, which is still accompanied by ambiguous clinical arguments about the direct cytopathic effect of the influenza virus on neural tissue with the development of encephalitis. Another rare complication of the flu is acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. The autoimmune mechanism of the development of this disease is universally recognized, despite the continuing difficulties of diagnosis in the absence of oligoclonal antibodies in blood plasma and spinal cerebral fluid in the majority of patients.

Influenza A (H1N1): a rare cause of deafness in two children

2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (12) ◽  
pp. 1274-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
A A Alsanosi
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Swine Flu ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Bilateral Deafness

AbstractObjective:We report deafness occurring as an extremely rare complication of influenza A caused by the H1N1 virus (‘swine flu’), in two children.Methods:Case reports and review of the literature concerning influenza A (H1N1) and acquired viral infection causing deafness.Results:Two children with normal hearing developed bilateral deafness following influenza A (H1N1). The diagnosis was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction. Both patients were treated with oseltamivir.Conclusion:Following a review of the literature, these two patients appear to be the first reported cases of bilateral deafness following influenza A (H1N1).

Rare complication of four extremity compartment syndrome requiring fasciotomy from influenza A viral myositis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e236893
Author(s):  
Arion Lochner ◽  
Robert Cesaro ◽  
Eric Chen
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Skin Grafting ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Delayed Primary Closure ◽  
High Risk Populations

Influenza A and B commonly cause benign respiratory disease in humans, but can cause more severe illness in high-risk populations. We report an unusual case of a previously healthy adult patient who presented with myositis and severe rhabdomyolysis secondary to influenza A infection that resulted in atraumatic compartment syndrome of all four extremities, each requiring emergent fasciotomy. The patient was subsequently managed with delayed primary closure and skin grafting in the operating room. Prompt recognition of this rare complication by the team resulted in no limb amputations. On his first follow-up appointment, 1 month after discharge, he had regained full functionality in both his hands and his feet were both close to 50% of baseline and improving with physical therapy.

scholarly journals Pneumatocele formation in a fatal adult pneumonia patient coinfected with Streptococcus pyogenes emm-type 3 and influenza A: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Sano ◽  
Aya Shimamoto ◽  
Nozomi Ueki ◽  
Motohiro Sekino ◽  
Hiroshi Nakaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
First Case ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Bilateral Lung

Abstract Background A pneumatocele is a transient thin-walled lesion and rare complication in adult pneumonia. A variety of infectious pathogens have been reported in children with pneumatoceles. We report the first case of adult pneumonia with pneumatocele formation that is likely caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and coinfection with influenza A virus. Case presentation A 64-year-old Japanese man presented with a one-week history of fever, sore throat, and arthralgia. He was referred to our university hospital for respiratory distress. He required mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). Bacterial culture detected S. pyogenes in the bronchoscopic aspirates, which was not detected in blood. Although a rapid influenza antigen test was negative, an influenza A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was positive. Therefore, he was diagnosed with coinfection of influenza A and group A streptococcus (GAS) pneumonia complicated by probable streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. A chest radiograph on admission showed diffuse patchy opacification and consolidation in the bilateral lung fields. Multiple thin-walled cysts appeared in both middle lung fields on computed tomography (CT). On the following day, the bilateral cysts had turned into a mass-like opacity. The patient died despite intensive care. An autopsy was performed. The pathology investigation revealed multiple hematomas formed by bleeding in pneumatoceles. Conclusions There have been no previous reports of a pneumatocele complicated by S. pyogenes in an adult patient coinfected with influenza A. Further molecular investigation revealed that the S. pyogenes isolate had the sequence type of emm3.

Acute Hepatitis: A Rare Complication of Influenza A

2015 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. S318-S319
Author(s):  
Zuie Wakade ◽  
Norman Markowitz ◽  
Ayman Founas ◽  
Nikhil Oak ◽  
Jonathan Beaulac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Acute Hepatitis A

Acute Encephalitis Syndrome with an Unusual Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-230
Author(s):  
Mili Thomas ◽  
Kamala Swarnam ◽  
Gopika Sekhar Remadevi ◽  
A Marthanda Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
High Rate ◽  
H1n1 Infection ◽  
Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Acute Necrotizing ◽  
Intravenous Steroids

Abstract Four-year old boy was admitted with acute onset of fever with seizures and altered sensorium. His mother had history of contact with influenza A H1N1 virus (H1N1) infection. Blood counts, electrolytes, blood sugar and ammonia were normal. Liver enzymes were mildly elevated. CSF study showed elevated protein, normal sugar and no pleocytosis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viral panel was negative. Magnetic resonance imaging brain was suggestive of acute necrotizing encephalopathy. His throat swab and sputum polymerase chain reaction was positive for H1N1. He was managed with ventilation, intravenous steroids and other supportive measures. At discharge his sensorium improved but had neurological sequelae. We are presenting this case as this is a very rare complication of H1N1 infection with high rate of mortality. Early supportive measures and steroids/intravenous immunoglobulin may save the patient.

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