scholarly journals Is an informed driver a better decision maker? A grouped random parameters with heterogeneity-in-means approach to investigate the impact of the connected environment on driving behaviour in safety-critical situations

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 100127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshuman Sharma ◽  
Zuduo Zheng ◽  
Jiwon Kim ◽  
Ashish Bhaskar ◽  
Md Mazharul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Decision Maker ◽  
Random Parameters ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Critical Situations

Women's Role Involvement in Family Businesses, Business Tensions, and Business Success

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon M. Danes ◽  
Patricia D. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Maker ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Business Owner ◽  
Role Involvement ◽  
Work Involvement ◽  
Women's Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Major Decision

This paper is based on a study of 391 family-business-owning couples where the husband is the business owner. The purpose of the study was to examine the work involvement of the wife in the business, the business tensions, and the impact of those tensions on family business success. Fifty-seven percent of wives worked in the business, 47% of whom were paid. Forty-two percent of wives were considered major decision makers. Having more than one decision maker in the business impacted certain types of inclusion tension. Business and family success outcomes varied by level of tensions. There was initial evidence of a threshold where business tensions begin to affect business success negatively.

The impact of chronic pain on driving behaviour

Pain ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Atiyeh Vaezipour ◽  
Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios ◽  
Mark Horswill ◽  
J. E. Rod ◽  
Nicole Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals AN EVALUATION OF AIRPORT WAYFINDING AND SIGNAGE ON SENIOR DRIVER BEHAVIOUR AND SAFETY OF AIRPORT ROAD ACCESS DESIGN

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-129
Author(s):  
Nur Khairiel Anuar ◽  
Romano Pagliari ◽  
Richard Moxon
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Car Driving

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of different wayfinding provision on senior driving behaviour and road safety. A car driving simulator was used to model scenarios of differing wayfinding complexity and road design. Three scenario types were designed consisting of 3.8 miles of airport road. Wayfinding complexity varied due to differing levels of road-side furniture. Experienced car drivers were asked to drive simulated routes. Forty drivers in the age ranges: 50 to 54, 55 to 59 and those aged over 60 were selected to perform the study. Participants drove for approximately 20 minutes to complete the simulated driving. The driver performance was compared between age groups. Results were analysed by Mean, Standard Deviation and ANOVA Test, and discussed with reference to the use of the driving simulator. The ANOVA confirmed that age group has a correlation between road design complexity, driving behaviour and driving errors.

Effects of dietary patterns on driving behaviours among professional truck drivers: the mediating effect of fatigue

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-107206
Author(s):  
Yan Ge ◽  
Shanshan He ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Weina Qu
Keyword(s):  
Pathway Analysis ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
Staple Foods ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of the dietary patterns of truck drivers on their driving behaviours and the mediation effect of fatigue between these factors.MethodsA sample of 389 male truck drivers from a transport company in Suzhou, China completed the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI), the Positive Driver Behaviours Scale (PDBS) and the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ). The associations among dietary patterns, fatigue and driving behaviour were examined using pathway analysis.ResultsFour dietary patterns were identified based on principal component analysis: animal-derived foods, staple foods, snacks and vegetables. The pathway analysis showed that the vegetable-rich pattern had a direct positive impact on positive driving behaviour (β=0.211, p<0.001); the animal-derived pattern had a direct positive impact on errors (β=0.094, p<0.05) and ordinary violations (β=0.071, p<0.05); the snacks pattern had a direct negative impact on positive driving behaviour (β=−0.191, p<0.001); fatigue mediated the effect of dietary patterns on driving behaviours (p<0.001); and the staple foods had an indirect effect on driving behaviours.ConclusionsOverall, the driving behaviours of truck drivers are correlated with their dietary patterns. Drivers who preferred vegetables and staple foods had more positive driving behaviour, while the animal-derived food and snack patterns were related to dangerous driving behaviour. The experience of fatigue could explained the underlying mechanism between these factors.

scholarly journals The impact of information technology in decision making process of companies in Kosovo

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Emin Qerim Neziraj ◽  
Aferdita Berisha Shaqiri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Business Process ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Or Organization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Future Business

Before the decision makers set much higher requirements in the decision-making than ever before due to the environment of decision-makers subject to change under the influence of progress and development of new technologies, networking individual or organization inside and the outside environment, and modern means of communication enabling continuous inflow, flow and sharing of data and information. In these modern conditions the process of collecting, analyzing, selecting data and information to make informed decisions in the context of possible restrictions and the available options, and ultimately making decisions as the basis for future business or behavior, is not simplified. The use of new technologies in the decision-making process provided numerous opportunities to facilitate decisions selection. However, the decision maker should still be able to differentiate which knowledge should be used to serve in decision making, and which models, methods, tools, systems, and procedures to be used in certain situations, with the purpose of successful decision selection. In this paper, we will examine the decision making process during the business process of the companies in Kosovo.

Critical Situations of Vessel Operations in Short Crested Seas—Forecast and Decision Support System

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Günther F. Clauss ◽  
Sascha Kosleck ◽  
Daniel Testa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Extreme Waves ◽  
Incoming Wave ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
Wave Forecast ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Critical Situations ◽  
Offshore Operations

The encounter of extreme waves, extreme wave groups, or unfavorable wave sequences poses dangerous threats for ships and floating/stationary marine structures. The impact of extreme waves causes enormous forces, whereas an unfavorable wave sequence—not necessarily extreme waves—can arouse critical motions or even resonance, often leading to loss of cargo, ship, or crew. Thus, besides a well thought-out maritime design, a system detecting critical incoming wave sequences in advance can help avoiding those dangerous situations, increasing the safety of sea transport or offshore operations. During the last two years a new system for decision support onboard a ship or floating/fixed marine structure named CASH—Computer Aided Ship Handling—has been introduced. The preceding papers showed the step wise development of the main components of the program code—3d-wave forecast and 3d-ship motion forecast. These procedures provide a deterministic approach to predict the short crested seas state within radar range of the ship, as well as resulting ship motions in six degrees of freedom. Both methods have been enhanced with special focus on the speed of calculation to ensure a just-in-time forecast. A newly developed component is the adaptive 3d-pressure distribution. This method calculates the pressure distribution along the wetted surface of the ship hull using a newly developed stretching approach. With the end of the joint project Loads on Ships in Seaway (LaSSe), (funded by the German Government) the paper presents the CASH system, giving the possibility to detect critical situations in advance. Thus not only decision support onboard a cruising ship can be provided, but also time windows for offshore operations are identified well in advance.

How diversity can alleviate sharks and bandwagons in the gas sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 724
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Spanjaard ◽  
Sarah A. McAlister-Smiley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Practical Advice ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rational Decisions

A level-headed decision maker in a well-run gas business would appear to be a good candidate to navigate through change. But instinctive responses and overconfidence can lead to irrational decision making. During periods of greatest risk, at the moment rationality is needed most, the impulse to act irrationally kicks in. This paper explores how diversity can alleviate risks associated with ‘sharks’ and ‘bandwagons’ in the gas sector. It explores the Queensland gas sector and how diversity of thought can play a powerful role in reducing the impact of bias on identifying risk and making rational decisions. It also offers practical advice as to how the gas sector can improve diversity and metaphorically punch those sharks and halt those bandwagons.

1 The Impact of No Next of Kin Decision Makers on End-of-life Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S4-S5
Author(s):  
Ryan K Ota ◽  
Maxwell B Johnson ◽  
Trevor A Pickering ◽  
Warren L Garner ◽  
Justin Gillenwater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Next Of Kin ◽  
Medical Decisions ◽  
Comfort Care ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction For critically ill burn patients without a next of kin (NOK), the medical team is tasked with becoming the surrogate decision maker. This poses difficult ethical and legal challenges for burn providers. Despite this frequent problem, there has been no investigation of how the presence of a NOK affects treatment in burn patients. This study is the first to evaluate this relationship. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed on a cohort of patients who died during the acute phase of their burn care from a single burn center from 2015 to 2019. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years and mortality within 4-weeks of admission. Exclusion criteria were death from dermatologic disease or trauma. Variables collected included age, gender, mechanism of injury, length of stay (LOS), total body surface area (TBSA), revised Baux score, and the presence of a NOK. Fisher’s Exact Test and Student’s t-test were used for analysis. Results In total, 67 patients met inclusion criteria. Of these patients, 14 (21%) did not have a NOK involved in medical decisions. Table 1 shows the means and odds ratio between the two groups. Patients without a NOK were younger (p &lt; 0.05), more likely to be homeless (p &lt; 0.01), had higher TBSA (p &lt; 0.01), had shorter LOS (p &lt; 0.01), and were 5 times less likely to receive comfort care (p &lt; 0.05). Gender and ethnicity were not statistically significant. Conclusions Patients without a NOK present to participate in medical decisions are transitioned to comfort care less often despite having a higher burden of injury. This disparity in standard of care between the two groups demonstrates a need for a cultural shift in burn care to prevent suffering of these marginalized patients. Burn providers should be empowered to reduce suffering when no decision maker is present. Applicability of Research to Practice We report that the absence of a NOK has a significant impact leading to a decreased initiation of comfort care in critically ill burn patients. National protocols should be created to allow burn providers to act as a surrogate to prevent prolonged suffering.

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