Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of clinically significant Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria in a Greek tertiary-care hospital, 2017–2019

ABSTRACT We determined the antimicrobial susceptibilities of 255 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria collected in 2007 and 2008 at a tertiary-care hospital in South Korea. Piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoxitin, imipenem, and meropenem were highly active β-lactam agents against most of the isolates tested. The rates of resistance of Bacteroides fragilis group organisms and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci to moxifloxacin were 11 to 18% and 0 to 27%, respectively.

Download Full-text

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Pregnant Women Attending Tertiary Care Hospital in Lucknow, India

Dubai Medical Journal ◽

10.1159/000513626 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Naimshree Sonkar ◽

Malay Banerjee ◽

Suman Gupta ◽

Absar Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Haemoglobin Level ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli

Introduction: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is the presence of actively multiplying bacteria within the urinary tract with absence of any symptoms, resulting in adverse pregnancy outcomes. This research study was done in order to review prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility profile, and factors associated with ASB occurring in female patients who are pregnant and being treated at a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow, India. Method and Materials: This is a cross-sectional study done among 216 pregnant women attending a hospital for antenatal check-ups. Clean catch midstream urine samples were collected and examined microscopically, and semi-quantitative culture was done on blood agar and MacConkey agar. Isolates were identified by colony morphology and biochemical tests, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by using the Kirby-Bauer method. Results: Of the 216 pregnant women, 36 (16.7%) tested positive for ASB. The female gestational period, haemoglobin level, and BMI were significantly associated with ASB. Logistic regression also showed that higher haemoglobin level was less likely to ASB (AOR = 0.42, 95% confidence interval: 0.202–0.88, p = 0.021). The predominant and usual isolates were E. coli (n = 22, 61.1%), followed by Cons (n = 6, 16.7%), and S. aureus (3, 8.3%). All Gram-negative isolates were mostly sensitive to most of the drugs like piperacillin-tazobactam, cefepime, nitrofurantoin, and meropenem but were 100% resistant to ampicillin. Similarly, Gram-positive isolates were sensitive to ampicillin, vancomycin, linezolid, and nitrofurantoin but 100% resistant to co-trimoxazole. Conclusion: The present study shows the existence of ASB was 16.7% among women who are pregnant. Pregnancy duration, haemoglobin level, and BMI were significantly associated with ASB. The isolates identified more frequently were E. coli (61.16%), Cons (16.7%), and S. aureus (8.3%). All isolates which were Gram-negative were mostly sensitive to most of the drugs but were 100% resistant to ampicillin. Similarly, Gram-positive isolates were sensitive to most of the drugs but 100% resistant to co-trimoxazole.

Download Full-text

The Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Gram-Positive Pathogens: Three-Year Study at a Private Tertiary Care Hospital in Mumbai, India

Journal of Laboratory Physicians ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1731136 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sweta Shah ◽

Ritika Rampal ◽

Pooja Thakkar ◽

Sushima Poojary ◽

Shweta Ladi

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Resistance Pattern ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Tract Infections

Abstract Introduction The growing resistance pattern of the gram-positive pathogens along with a steady increase in minimum inhibitory concentration of the currently available antibiotics have led to an increase in morbidity and mortality rates in India. This study aims to access the shifting antibiotic susceptibility paradigm of the gram-positive pathogens in various infections at a tertiary care center. Methods This is a 3-year retrospective observational study which was performed from January 2016 to December 2018 at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai. All clinically significant gram-positive cocci isolated from a variety of clinical specimens were studied for their prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility. Results Out of 4,428 gram-positive isolates, Staphylococcus aureus (35.3%) was the commonly encountered pathogen, followed by Enterococcus spp. (32.1%) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) (25.7%). S. aureus was majorly isolated from skin and soft tissue infections (60.3%), followed by patients with respiratory tract infections (18.2%) and blood stream infections (13%). Among S. aureus, particularly methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA), prevalence increased from 29.5% in 2016 to 35.1% in 2018, with an overall prevalence of 33.6%. All S. aureus isolates were 100% sensitive toward vancomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, and teicoplanin. However, the CoNS isolates showed a higher resistance rate with reduced susceptibility toward linezolid and teicoplanin. High prevalence of resistance was observed across gram-positive isolates with commonly used antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and erythromycin. While the prevalence of linezolid-resistant enterococcus (LRE) was 3.6%, vancomycin (VRE) and teicoplanin resistance among the enterococcus species was as high as 7.7% and 7.5%, respectively. Conclusion Rising methicillin resistance among the Staphylococcal species (MRSA and MR-CoNS) along with reduced susceptibility toward currently available anti-MRSA agents is a matter of serious concern as it limits the therapeutic options for treating multidrug resistant (MDR) gram-positive infections.

Download Full-text