Scalable identification and control of residential heat pumps: A minimal hardware approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 116544
Author(s):  
Zachary E. Lee ◽  
K. Max Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pumps ◽  
And Control ◽  
Minimal Hardware

Modeling and Design of Building-Integrated Thermoelectrics

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon M. Headings ◽  
Gregory N. Washington
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Response ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Arbitrary Boundary ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Temperature Oscillations ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
And Control

The goal of this research is to develop a framework for replacing conventional heating and cooling systems with distributed, continuously and electrically controlled, building-integrated thermoelectric (BITE) heat pumps. The coefficient of performance of thermoelectric heat pumps increases as the temperature difference across them decreases and as the amplitude of temperature oscillations decreases. As a result, this research examines how thermal insulation and mass elements can be integrated with thermoelectrics as part of active multi-layer structures in order to minimize net energy consumption. In order to develop BITE systems, an explicit finite volume model was developed to model the dynamic thermal response of active multi-layer wall structures subjected to arbitrary boundary conditions (interior and exterior temperatures and interior heat loads) and control algorithms. Using this numerical model, the effects of wall construction on net system performance were examined. These simulation results provide direction for the ongoing development of BITE systems.

scholarly journals Reduction of Energy Consumption in Hotels with Aerothermal Energy. Case Study: Canary Islands (Spain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.32) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Díaz Perez ◽  
David Chinarro ◽  
M Rosa Pino Otín ◽  
Ricardo Díaz Martín ◽  
Adib Guardiola Mouhaffel
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Water System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hourly Rate ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
And Control

This article presents a management model and control of energy efficiency in hotels adapted to the consumption patterns that ensure the comfort requirements of customers and integrated into the environment of an intelligent tourist complex. The analysis of the hot water system (DHW) of two hotels in the Canary Islands (Spain) in relation to their occupation, yields a solution based on renewable energies using high temperature heat pumps with aerothermal dissipation and supported by boilers of existing LPG propane. The control by programmable automatons (PLC) integrated in a system of control and acquisition of data (SCADA) optimizes the systems to maintain the maximum accumulated energy during the periods of cheapest electric tariff, by means of a system of opening and closing of hydraulic Valves that It manages to adjust the demand of DHW consumption to achieve the highest energy accumulation during the hours with the cheapest electricity tariff. The result after two and a half years of activity registration is a faster return on investment due to the optimized energy management of the system, through the control of operating hours adjusted to the needs of customers and the hourly rate. It has also been predicted that during the estimated 12 years of the system will have saved more than € 1,179,737 and thermal 8,780,005 kWh in a hotel 1 and € 1,315,104 and thermal 9,522,301 kWh in the hotel 2. This model shown can be seen how economically and energetically very efficient.  

scholarly journals Design and integration of heat pumps for nZEB in IEA HPT Annex 49

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Carsten Wemhoener ◽  
Simon Buesser ◽  
Lukas Rominger
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Field Monitoring ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
And Control ◽  
New Buildings

Heat pumps are a promising building technology, especially for nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) to be introduced in the EU by the beginning of 2021 for all new buildings. Despite heat pumps already range among the most efficient heat generators, further efficiency and cost optimisation is seen in system integration as well as in adapted design and control for the application in nZEB. IEA HPT Annex 49 investigates heat pump application in nZEB by simulation and field monitoring in order to evaluate integration options with other building technologies, thermal and electrical storages, the building envelope and the ground. Moreover, design and control for the loads in nZEB and the integration of nZEB into connected energy grids are considered. The investigations are accompanied by field monitoring of heat pumps in different nZEB applications and climate conditions in order to relate calculation results to the real operation and identify optimisation potentials. Expected results of the Annex 49 are recommendations regarding heat pump integration options and related design and control as well as real world heat pump performance in monitored nZEB. The paper gives an overview on the Annex 49 project and national contributions and will present first interim results of the Annex Tasks.

scholarly journals Experimental Study and Modeling of Ground-Source Heat Pumps with Combi-Storage in Buildings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wessam El-Baz ◽  
Peter Tzscheutschler ◽  
Ulrich Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
And Control

There is a continuous growth of heat pump installations in residential buildings in Germany. The heat pumps were not only used for space heating and domestic hot water consumption but also to offer flexibility to the grid. the high coefficient of performance and the low cost of heat storages made the heat pumps an optimal candidate for the power to heat applications. Thus, several questions are raised about the optimal integration and control of the heat pump system with buffer storages to maximize its operation efficiency and minimize the operation costs. In this paper, an experimental investigation is performed to study the performance of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) with a combi-storage under several configurations and control factors. The experiments were performed on an innovative modular testbed that is capable of emulating a ground source to provide the heat pump with different temperature levels at different times of the day. Moreover, it can emulate the different building loads such as the space heating load and the domestic hot water consumption in real-time. The data gathered from the testbed and different experimental studies were used to develop a simulation model based on Modelica that can accurately simulate the dynamics of a GSHP in a building. The model was validated based on different metrics. Energetically, the difference between the developed model and the measured values was only 3.08\% and 4.18\% for the heat generation and electricity consumption, respectively.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL TEST STAND OF A HEAT PUMP INTEGRATED IN AIR HANDLING UNIT

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Anton Frik ◽  
Juozas Bielskus
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Experimental Stand ◽  
Air Handling Unit ◽  
Air Handling Units ◽  
And Control ◽  
Installation Cost

Heat pumps are becoming increasingly popular and are playing an important role in the heat and cooling supply chain of buildings sector. Although more than 160 years have passed since the manufacture of the first heat pump, this technology, designed to recover low­potential heat energy and its useful use, can be called an innovative and efficient energy transformer. Air­to­water and air­to­air heat pumps are becoming more popular today due to their installation cost compared to ground­to­water heat pumps. It has been noticed that recently air­to­air heat pumps are more often installed in modern air handling units. The main energy transformers in these air handling units are the air­to­air heat pump and recovery heat exchanger. In the scientific literature little attention is paid to the thermodynamic cycle of the combination of the air handling unit and the heat pump, as well as the search for new possibilities to change and control it, this is a potential direction that can increase the efficiency of the whole system. To study the control capabilities of the unit, an experimental stand of the heat pump built into the ventilation unit is needed; it would help validate the results of theoretical studies and investigate the possibilities of expanding the control. Therefore, this paper presents a review of the experimental stands of non­integrated heat pumps and integrated heat pumps in air handling unit. Based on this review, the basic requirements for the installation of an experimental stand of a heat pump built into an air handling unit are formulated and a conceptual scheme of this stand is drawn up.

scholarly journals Integration concepts of central ST systems in DHC

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Leoni ◽  
Jan Erik Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
The State ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
General Aspects ◽  
And Control

This factsheet focuses on the integration hydraulics and control of central ST systems in DHC. The first part gives an overview of the typical integration concepts and operating modes implemented in the state of the art. The second part illustrates general aspects of the integration of heat pumps to achieve higher shares of ST and describes recent projects: two implementation projects (Crailsheim and Salzburg-Lehen), and one feasibility study performed by the Technische Universität Dresden.

Modeling Identification and Control of Peltier Thermoelectic Modules for Telepresence

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Guiatni ◽  
Abderrahmane Kheddar
Keyword(s):  
Moving Average ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Autoregressive Moving Average ◽  
Bilateral Control ◽  
Thermal Probe ◽  
Thermo Electric ◽  
Moving Average Models ◽  
And Control ◽  
Nonlinear Autoregressive

This research deals with thermal rendering for telepresence applications. We present the modeling and identification of thermo-electric modules (TEMs) to be used either as part of a thermal display or a remote thermal probe. First, TEMs are modeled in steady- and unsteady-state dynamics using recursive nonlinear autoregressive moving average models for both temperature and heat flux. The proposed models are convenient for simulation, control, electronic, and thermal engineering. They allow understanding the functionality of the heat pumps and facilitate the solving of cooling/heating problems without the need for expertise in thermal theory. Then, these models are used in a novel thermal rendering approach that is based on the estimation of the temperature in contact for both the finger and the probed remote object in a telepresence setup. The thermal feedback is provided by a bilateral control between the master (thermal display) and the slave (thermal probe robotic finger). Experimental results validating the models and the proposed thermal rendering scheme are presented and discussed.

The Fluid Mechanics of Microdevices—The Freeman Scholar Lecture

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gad-el-Hak
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Thermal Actuators ◽  
The Status ◽  
Flow Phenomena ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
And Control

Manufacturing processes that can create extremely small machines have been developed in recent years. Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) refer to devices that have characteristic length of less than 1 mm but more than 1 micron, that combine electrical and mechanical components and that are fabricated using integrated circuit batch-processing techniques. Electrostatic, magnetic, pneumatic and thermal actuators, motors, valves, gears, and tweezers of less than 100-μm size have been fabricated. These have been used as sensors for pressure, temperature, mass flow, velocity and sound, as actuators for linear and angular motions, and as simple components for complex systems such as micro-heat-engines and micro-heat-pumps. The technology is progressing at a rate that far exceeds that of our understanding of the unconventional physics involved in the operation as well as the manufacturing of those minute devices. The primary objective of this article is to critically review the status of our understanding of fluid flow phenomena particular to microdevices. In terms of applications, the paper emphasizes the use of MEMS as sensors and actuators for flow diagnosis and control.

scholarly journals Use and control of heat flows in ventilation shafts of subways with Thermal Power Generation

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 01045
Author(s):  
Anna Barch ◽  
Sergey Naumenko ◽  
Alexandr Kotelnikov ◽  
Lev Muginshtein
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Heat Flows ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Secondary Energy Resources

The variants of schematic technical solution of the system of using secondary energy resources - the waste heat of the subway – for the heating of subway stations are proposed, the results of the feasibility study of the heating of the “Nagatinskaya” station of the Moscow Metro with the use of heat pumps are presented.

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