The effects of mindfulness eating and yoga exercise on blood sugar levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Background: The incidence of diabetes mellitus has significantly increased in the last two decades. Gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM, is a complication that affects both pregnant women and newborn babies. Pregnant women that are diagnosed with GDM are 7 times more likely to be diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus. In addition, infants born by GDM mothers are at higher risk of developing diabetes mellitus in the future. Objective: The study aims to review the literature on the diet control in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Results: Controlling blood sugar within the normal range during pregnancy can decrease negative pregnancy outcomes. However, most pregnant women with GDM cannot control their blood sugar within the normal range because of a lack of knowledge and skill in selecting appropriate foods. They also often experience inconsistency in their diet control behavior Most pregnant women worry about gaining too much weight, and most pregnant women with GDM have to learn how to choose their food properly in terms of both nutrients and quantity in order to control their blood sugar levels within the normal range. Conclusion: Diet control during pregnancy is one way to prevent the negative consequences of GDM for both mothers and infants. The food proportion for pregnant women with gestational diabetes is CHO: PRO: FAT = 50: 20:30 and also to consume an appropriate amount of vitamins and minerals and water each day.

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Incidence and Prevalence of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid Disorders and Eclampsia in Khammam Region, Telangana State

Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences ◽

10.32463/rphs.2017.v03i04.21 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 367-371

Author(s):

. Ravali ◽

B. Sravani ◽

P. Suresh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Age Groups ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Thyroid Disorders ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Telangana State ◽

Sugar Levels

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Thyroid dysfunction and Eclampsia in pregnant women prior to delivery. Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted between December 2016 and June 2017 in a District Headquarters Hospital and two other tertiary antenatal care centers on pregnant women who delivered between 37 and 42 weeks of gestational age. The study participants data was collected prior delivery who were diagnosed as GDM with Random Blood Sugar levels ≥ 140mg/dl, hyperthyroidism with ≤1.1 µIU/ml and hypothyroidism with ≥ 5.5 µIU/ml and Eclampsia in women who had a grand mal seizure with features of preeclampsia. Results: A total of 265 pregnant women was included whose information was sampled. A prevalence of 10.5% (n = 28) was identified with GDM, 77.7% (n = 206) was identified with Thyroid Disorders and 11.6% (n = 31) with Eclampsia who were categorized into rural and urban communities based on age groups. Conclusion: Ignorance regarding antenatal check-up, lack of transport and lack of early communication with a tertiary hospital play an important role for high incidence and prevalence of complications in pregnancy in Khammam region, Telangana State.

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Can the management of blood sugar levels in gestational diabetes mellitus cases be an indicator of maternal and fetal outcomes? The results of a prospective cohort study from India

Journal of Family and Community Medicine ◽

10.4103/2230-8229.181002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 94 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sanjeev Davey ◽

Rajesh Jain ◽

Anuradha Davey ◽

SantoshK Raghav ◽

JaiV Singh

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Fetal Outcomes ◽

Sugar Levels

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Transient hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in preterm pregnant women receiving antenatal steroids

Journal of Islamabad Medical & Dental College ◽

10.35787/jimdc.v10i4.655 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 206-209

Author(s):

Saniya Naheed ◽

Sajida Guftaar ◽

Dure Shahwar ◽

Seema Gul ◽

Mahwash Jamil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Preterm Delivery ◽

Preterm Labor ◽

Antenatal Steroids

OBJECTIVE:To determine the frequency of transient hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) in preterm pregnant women receiving antenatal steroids. METHODOLOGY:This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Maternal and Child Health Center unit 1 (MCH-1) at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad Pakistan from January 2017 till August 2017. A total of 365 pregnant women presenting to emergency and outpatient department with preterm labor (alive morphologically normal babies), with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and other conditions which require early delivery including preeclampsia, IUGR requiring preterm delivery, severe oligohydramnios, antepartum hemorrhage(APH), women receiving two doses dexamethasone and all those with BSR>126mg/dl were included in the study. Multiple pregnancies, advanced preterm labor (cervix > 5cm dilated), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or type I/II diabetes mellitus (DM), chorioamnionitis and taking any medication that affects glucose metabolism were excluded from the study. After ethical approval, informed consent was taken from study participants. Blood sugar levels before the commencement of 1st dose of dexamethasone were noted. Blood sugar profile (fasting, 2 hours after lunch, 2 hours after dinner) were carried out. 2nd dose of dexamethasone was given after 12 hours of 1st dose. Profile was carried out till euglycemia or 5 days if sugars remain deranged. Patients having deranged levels for greater than 5 days were advised 75 g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) and labelled as having impaired glucose tolerance or gestational diabetes mellitus. RESULTS: In our study, 57.57%(n=213) were between 18-30 years, 42.43%(n=157) were between 31-40 years of age, mean age was calculated as 28.92+5.54 while mean gestational age was 31.19+1.92 weeks. Frequency of transient hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) in preterm pregnant women receiving antenatal steroids revealed 62.16%(n=230) had transient hyperglycemia, 9.46%(n=35) had impaired glucose tolerance, 2.16%(n=8) had gestational diabetes and 26.22%(n=97) had no blood glucose abnormality. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the frequency of abnormal glucose levels increases in preterm pregnant women receiving antenatal steroids. Therefore, single blood sugar level done routinely before dexamethasone therapy are insufficient to judge the glucose metabolic status and should be closely monitored during the use of antenatal corticosteroids. KEYWORDS: Preterm delivery, antenatal steroids, transient hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)

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Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Urban Harare, Zimbabwe

The Open Public Health Journal ◽

10.2174/1874944501811010001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Godwell Nhidza ◽

Kudzaishe Mutsaka ◽

Garikai Malunga ◽

Danai Tavonga Zhou

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Family History ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of

Introduction:According to the WHO, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) means glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy. Unfortunately, women affected by GDM could suffer from Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) later while babies born to mothers with GDM are at increased risk of being too large for gestational age. This cross-sectional study screened GDM in women attending Parirenyatwa Antenatal Clinic in urban Harare, Zimbabwe using 2006 WHO diagnostic criteria.Methodology:Urine samples were collected from all consenting pregnant women. If urinalysis indicated glycosuria and if a woman reported clinical symptoms of GDM, random blood sugar analysis was subsequently carried out. Those suspected of having GDM due to elevated glucose (n=17) were screened with glucose load challenge the following day, after collecting the sample for fasting blood sugar. Family history of diabetes was self-reported.Results:Women (N=150), between 24 – 28 weeks of gestation who consented were recruited. Participants had mean age 27.2(3.5) years and about half were gradiva 1. All participants reported no maternal history of T2DM, but reported other family history of T2DM. Out of the 150 recruited and 17 tested by OGTT, 10 (6.7%) tested positive for GDM.Conclusion:Prevalence of GDM is lower than two similar African studies but similar to one Indian study. Of note is the fact that variations in reported prevalence, in populations from different studies could be due to different diagnostic criteria used. Results need further enquiry on larger group of pregnant women using latest 2013 WHO criteria.

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Thyroid function in pregnant women; relation to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Body Mass Index (BMI)

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.56.gp264 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

George Simeakis ◽

Evangelia Vogiatzi ◽

Panagiota Konstantakou ◽

Evangelia Zapanti ◽

Katerina Saltiki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Body Mass ◽

Thyroid Function

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86-LB: Elevated First-Trimester Neutrophil Count Is Associated with the Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db19-86-lb ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 86-LB

Author(s):

TIANGE SUN ◽

FANHUA MENG ◽

RUI ZHANG ◽

ZHIYAN YU ◽

SHUFEI ZANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Neutrophil Count ◽

First Trimester

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Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399816666191223111833 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 895-899 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shahin Safian ◽

Farzaneh Esna-Ashari ◽

Shiva Borzouei

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Control Group ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Free T4 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Experimental Group

Aims: Investigation thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Background: This article was written to evaluate the thyroid function and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti- TPO) antibodies in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Method: A total of 252 women with GDM and 252 healthy pregnant women were enrolled. Thyroid tests, including TSH, FreeT3, Free T4, and anti-TPO were performed for all women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Data analysis was then carried out using SPSS ver. 22. Result: There was a significant difference between the experimental group (38.4%) and the control group (14.06%) in terms of the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (p= 0.016). The frequency of anti-TPO was higher in the experimental group than the control group and positive anti-TPO was observed in 18.6% of women with GDM and 10.3% of healthy pregnant women (P= 0.008). Conclusion: Thyroid disorders are observed in pregnant women with GDM more frequently than healthy individuals and it may be thus reasonable to perform thyroid tests routinely.

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