Inhibition of selenoprotein synthesis by Zika virus may contribute to congenital Zika syndrome and microcephaly by mimicking SELENOP knockout and the genetic disease PCCA

Zika virus (ZIKV) causes Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) in individuals exposed prenatally. Here, we investigated polymorphisms in VEGFA, PTGS2, NOS3, TNF, and NOS2 genes as risk factors to CZS. Forty children with CZS and forty-eight children who were in utero exposed to ZIKV infection, but born without congenital anomalies, were evaluated. Children with CZS were predominantly infected by ZIKV in the first trimester (p < 0.001) and had mothers with lower educational level (p < 0.001) and family income (p < 0.001). We found higher risk of CZS due the allele rs2297518[A] of NOS2 (OR = 2.28, CI 95% 1.17–4.50, p = 0.015). T allele and TT/CT genotypes of the TNF rs1799724 and haplotypes associated with higher expression of TNF were more prevalent in children with CZS and severe microcephaly (p = 0.029, p = 0.041 and p = 0.030, respectively). Our findings showed higher risk of CZS due ZIKV infection in the first trimester and suggested that polymorphisms in NOS2 and TNF genes affect the risk of CZS and severe microcephaly.

Download Full-text

Dual burden of Zika and COVID-19 in India: challenges, opportunities and recommendations

Tropical Medicine and Health ◽

10.1186/s41182-021-00378-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mainak Bardhan ◽

Debolina Pramanik ◽

Rizana Riyaz ◽

Mohammad Mehedi Hasan ◽

Mohammad Yasir Essar

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Healthcare Resources ◽

Health Measures ◽

The World ◽

Significant Public Health ◽

Congenital Zika Syndrome ◽

Dual Burden

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc in the world from last year, and any further insults like Zika virus will surely bring the apocalypse unto us. In July 2021, Zika began spreading in India, mainly in the state of Kerala. Zika infection resembles closely COVID-19 and other arboviral infections, which might lead to delayed and misdiagnosis, further leading to underreporting of cases. Some of the feared complications of Zika include Guillain–Barré syndrome and congenital Zika syndrome leading to microcephaly. Thus, Zika virus disease (ZVD) has significant public health and social impacts. Since the trifecta of infectious diseases (host, agent and environment) are all conducive to the spread of Zika in India, there is a huge risk that ZVD might become endemic in India, which is especially dangerous in the backdrop of this pandemic. This has to be stopped at all costs: the main aspects of which are public health measures, vector control and early diagnosis, especially in case of pregnant women. The diversion of healthcare resources for this pandemic has albeit made this difficult, but we must do our bit if we have to overcome this situation.

Download Full-text

Zika viruses of both African and Asian lineages cause fetal harm in a vertical transmission model

10.1101/387118 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna S. Jaeger ◽

Reyes A. Murreita ◽

Lea R. Goren ◽

Chelsea M. Crooks ◽

Ryan V. Moriarty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mouse Model ◽

Vertical Transmission ◽

Birth Defects ◽

Asian American ◽

Zika Virus ◽

French Polynesia ◽

Transmission Model ◽

Foreseeable Future ◽

Zikv Infection ◽

Congenital Zika Syndrome

AbstractCongenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection was first linked to birth defects during the American outbreak 1–3. It has been proposed that mutations unique to the Asian/American-genotype explain, at least in part, the ability of Asian/American ZIKV to cause congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) 4,5. Recent studies identified mutations in ZIKV infecting humans that arose coincident with the outbreak in French Polynesia and were stably maintained during subsequent spread to the Americas 5. Here we show that African ZIKV can infect and harm fetuses and that the S139N mutation that has been associated with the American outbreak is not essential for fetal harm. Our findings, in a vertical transmission mouse model, suggest that ZIKV will remain a threat to pregnant women for the foreseeable future, including in Africa, southeast Asia, and the Americas. Additional research is needed to better understand the risks associated with ZIKV infection during pregnancy, both in areas where the virus is newly endemic and where it has been circulating for decades.

Download Full-text

Asymptomatic Prenatal Zika Virus Infection and Congenital Zika Syndrome

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofy073 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Enny S Paixao ◽

Wei-Yee Leong ◽

Laura C Rodrigues ◽

Annelies Wilder-Smith

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Birth Defects ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Retrospective Studies ◽

Recall Bias ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Fetal Outcomes ◽

Zika Virus Infection ◽

Congenital Zika Syndrome

Abstract To investigate to what extent asymptomatic vs symptomatic prenatal Zika virus infections contribute to birth defects, we identified 3 prospective and 8 retrospective studies. The ratio varied greatly in the retrospective studies, most likely due to recruitment and recall bias. The prospective studies revealed a ratio of 1:1 for asymptomatic vs symptomatic maternal Zika infections resulting in adverse fetal outcomes.

Download Full-text

Inequality in Zika virus and congenital Zika syndrome

Zika Virus Biology, Transmission, and Pathology ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-820268-5.00004-3 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 43-54

Author(s):

Finn Diderichsen ◽

Lia Giraldo da Silva Augusto

Keyword(s):

Zika Virus ◽

Congenital Zika Syndrome

Download Full-text

Zika Virus Pathogenesis: From Early Case Reports to Epidemics

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v11100886 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 886 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ryan D. Pardy ◽

Martin J. Richer

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Zika Virus ◽

Case Reports ◽

Viral Persistence ◽

The Body ◽

Therapeutic Approaches ◽

Zikv Infection ◽

Congenital Zika Syndrome ◽

Early Case ◽

The Impact

For the first 60 years following its isolation, Zika virus (ZIKV) remained a relatively poorly described member of the Flaviviridae family. However, since 2007, it has caused a series of increasingly severe outbreaks and is now associated with neurological symptoms such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). A number of reports have improved our understanding of rare complications that may be associated with ZIKV infection in adults, the areas of the body to which it spreads, and viral persistence in various tissues. Likewise, studies on the effect of ZIKV infection during pregnancy have identified risk factors for CZS and the impact this syndrome has on early childhood. Understanding these outcomes and the factors that drive ZIKV pathogenesis are key to developing vaccination and therapeutic approaches to avoid these severe and potentially debilitating symptoms.

Download Full-text

Association of arthrogryposis in neonates with microcephaly due to Zika virus - a case serie

Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil ◽

10.1590/1806-9304201600s100007 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (suppl 1) ◽

pp. S83-S88 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ana Catarina Matos Ishigami Alvino ◽

Luísa Rocha Medeiros de Mello ◽

Jucille do Amaral Meneses Meira de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Zika Virus ◽

Joint Stiffness ◽

The Body ◽

Maternal Infection ◽

Infection Period ◽

Vaginal Deliveries ◽

Congenital Zika Syndrome ◽

Motor Nerves ◽

Congenital Microcephaly ◽

Peripheral Motor

Abstract Introduction: in 2015 an increasing number of congenital microcephaly cases were associated to maternal infection due to Zika virus. Some of these patients presented other alterations and arthrogryposis was the most frequently found. Arthrogryposis is defined as congenital joint contractures involving at least two different areas of the body. Description: arthrogryposis was found in 18 patients with congenital microcephaly due to Zika virus. 67% of the cases were vaginal deliveries. 50% of resuscitation performed in the delivery room was necessary. The mean birth weight was 2.371g, gestational age was 39 weeks and the head circumference was 28.3cm, 15 (83%) of these patients presented severe microcephaly. All the neonates resulted in concomitant hip joints and some also had knees, ankles and wrists affected. Nine neonates (50%) presented an early respiratory distress and four (22%) died due to respiratory failure. Discussion: the neurological result found in patients with Congenital Zika Syndrome seems to be associated to the maternal infection period. During the early stages of embryogenesis, in addition to microcephaly, could be related to the peripheral motor nerves leading to fetal akinesia, joint stiffness and arthrogryposis. These neonates tend to present greater morbimortality with the worst prognosis.

Download Full-text

Clinical Outcomes of a Zika Virus Mother–Child Pair Cohort in Spain

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9050352 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 352 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Antoni Soriano-Arandes ◽

Marie Antoinette Frick ◽

Milagros García López-Hortelano ◽

Elena Sulleiro ◽

Carlota Rodó ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zika Virus ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Zikv Infection ◽

Child Pair ◽

Referral Hospitals ◽

Congenital Zika Syndrome ◽

Endemic Areas ◽

Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities ◽

Congenital Microcephaly

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with congenital microcephaly and other neurodevelopmental abnormalities. There is little published research on the effect of maternal ZIKV infection in a non-endemic European region. We aimed to describe the outcomes of pregnant travelers diagnosed as ZIKV-infected in Spain, and their exposed children. Methods: This prospective observational cohort study of nine referral hospitals enrolled pregnant women (PW) who travelled to endemic areas during their pregnancy or the two previous months, or those whose sexual partners visited endemic areas in the previous 6 months. Infants of ZIKV-infected mothers were followed for about two years. Results: ZIKV infection was diagnosed in 163 PW; 112 (70%) were asymptomatic and 24 (14.7%) were confirmed cases. Among 143 infants, 14 (9.8%) had adverse outcomes during follow-up; three had a congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), and 11 other potential Zika-related outcomes. The overall incidence of CZS was 2.1% (95%CI: 0.4–6.0%), but among infants born to ZIKV-confirmed mothers, this increased to 15.8% (95%CI: 3.4–39.6%). Conclusions: A nearly 10% overall risk of neurologic and hearing adverse outcomes was found in ZIKV-exposed children born to a ZIKV-infected traveler PW. Longer-term follow-up of these children is needed to assess whether there are any later-onset manifestations.

Download Full-text

An update on Zika Virus and Congenital Zika Syndrome

Paediatrics and Child Health ◽

10.1016/j.paed.2018.10.010 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 34-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Clarissa Oeser ◽

Shamez Ladhani

Keyword(s):

Zika Virus ◽

Congenital Zika Syndrome

Download Full-text

Clinical findings in congenital infection by Zika virus: a retrospective study in a reference hospital in Central-West Brazil

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-019-1762-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cláudia de Paula Guimarães ◽

Myrella Silveira Macedo ◽

Maria Alves Barbosa ◽

Solomar Martins Marques ◽

Paulo Sucasas Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zika Virus ◽

Congenital Infection ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Health Care Teams ◽

Reference Hospital ◽

Congenital Zika Syndrome ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Eye Damage

Background An increased number of congenital Zika virus infections with neurological and musculoskeletal malformations have been diagnosed worldwide, however, there are still several gaps in the knowledge about this infection, its associated mechanism, timing of transmission, and description of throughout findings of signs and symptoms, which is described in this paper. The purpose of this study is to describe aspects of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) beyond the central nervous system comprising detailed delineation of all the other clinical findings. Methods A retrospective research developed using electronic medical records. We analyzed the files of 69 children with an initial diagnosis of microcephaly by Zika vírus who were born in 2015, 2016 and 2017, treated during the period from 2016 to 2017. Results The newborns presented several neurological and musculoskeletal malformations, eye damage, hearing impairment and other malformations. Conclusions The present study has significant impact for health care teams following lactents with Congenital Zika Syndrome.

Download Full-text