scholarly journals Insight into the pharmacological effects of andrographolide in musculoskeletal disorders

2022 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 112583
Author(s):  
Ming-Yang Liu ◽  
Hai-jun Li ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
Wei-dong Zang ◽  
Zhen-dong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Insight Into

Ultrastructure of neuromuscular relationships in the canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis)

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
W. L. Steffens ◽  
Nancy B. Roberts ◽  
J. M. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Canine Heartworm ◽  
The World ◽  
Synaptic Region ◽  
Muscle Innervation ◽  
Insight Into

The canine heartworm is a common and serious nematode parasite of domestic dogs in many parts of the world. Although nematode neuroanatomy is fairly well documented, the emphasis has been on sensory anatomy and primarily in free-living soil species and ascarids. Lee and Miller reported on the muscular anatomy in the heartworm, but provided little insight into the peripheral nervous system or myoneural relationships. The classical fine-structural description of nematode muscle innervation is Rosenbluth's earlier work in Ascaris. Since the pharmacological effects of some nematacides currently being developed are neuromuscular in nature, a better understanding of heartworm myoneural anatomy, particularly in reference to the synaptic region is warranted.

HuR-targeted agents: an insight into medicinal chemistry, biophysical, computational studies and pharmacological effects on cancer models

2021 ◽  
pp. 114088
Author(s):  
Giulia Assoni ◽  
Valeria La Pietra ◽  
Rosangela Digilio ◽  
Caterina Ciani ◽  
Nausicaa Valentina Licata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Targeted Agents ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals ATRAID regulates the action of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates on bone

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (544) ◽  
pp. eaav9166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Surface ◽  
Damon T. Burrow ◽  
Jinmei Li ◽  
Jiwoong Park ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Protein Prenylation ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Cellular Factors ◽  
Osteoclast Function ◽  
Differential Responsiveness ◽  
Coding Variants ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Insight Into

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs), such as alendronate, are the most widely prescribed medications for diseases involving bone, with nearly 200 million prescriptions written annually. Recently, widespread use of N-BPs has been challenged due to the risk of rare but traumatic side effects such as atypical femoral fracture (AFF) and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). N-BPs bind to and inhibit farnesyl diphosphate synthase, resulting in defects in protein prenylation. Yet, it remains poorly understood what other cellular factors might allow N-BPs to exert their pharmacological effects. Here, we performed genome-wide studies in cells and patients to identify the poorly characterized gene, ATRAID. Loss of ATRAID function results in selective resistance to N-BP–mediated loss of cell viability and the prevention of alendronate-mediated inhibition of prenylation. ATRAID is required for alendronate inhibition of osteoclast function, and ATRAID-deficient mice have impaired therapeutic responses to alendronate in both postmenopausal and senile (old age) osteoporosis models. Last, we performed exome sequencing on patients taking N-BPs that suffered ONJ or an AFF. ATRAID is one of three genes that contain rare nonsynonymous coding variants in patients with ONJ or an AFF that is also differentially expressed in poor outcome groups of patients treated with N-BPs. We functionally validated this patient variation in ATRAID as conferring cellular hypersensitivity to N-BPs. Our work adds key insight into the mechanistic action of N-BPs and the processes that might underlie differential responsiveness to N-BPs in people.

scholarly journals Role of Gut Microbiota in the Pharmacological Effects of Natural Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuyue Pan ◽  
Qinglong Guo ◽  
Na Lu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mucosal Immunology ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
Junction Structure ◽  
Insight Into

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that natural products derived from traditional Chinese medicine, such as ginseng, berberine, and curcumin, possess a wide variety of biological activities on gut microbiota, which may cause changes in the composition of intestinal microbiota, microbial metabolites, intestinal tight junction structure, and mucosal immunology. These changes will eventually result in the exertion of the pharmacological effects by treatment with these natural products. In this review, we will discuss how gut microbiota is influenced by commonly used natural products. Furthermore, our findings are expected to provide novel insight into how these untargeted natural products function via gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Culture of Physical Therapy

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean E Cromie ◽  
Valma J Robertson ◽  
Margaret O Best
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background and Purpose. Knowledge, skills, relationships, and attitudes of caring and working hard are all thought to be valued by physical therapists. This article explores how physical therapists see themselves, in light of some of these values, when they experience work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The article also explores the ways in which these values may compete with each other, and it suggests how this may contribute to the onset of WMSDs and to therapists' behavior following a WMSD. Subjects and Methods. Eighteen therapists who had made a career change after a WMSD participated in interviews that were designed to gain insight into the attitudes and beliefs of therapists who had had a WMSD. Results. Participants did not anticipate WMSDs, and they typically believed their physical therapy knowledge and skills would have prevented WMSDs from occurring. They saw themselves as knowledgeable and caring and indicated that these characteristics were highly valued by the profession. Their need to demonstrate these attributes sometimes resulted in behaviors that contributed to the development of their WMSDs and made them worse after their onset. Discussion and Conclusion. The cultural values of physical therapists may make it difficult for them to do their jobs in a way that minimizes the risk of WMSDs. The study identified a potential conflict between the therapists' need to (1) demonstrate their ability to work hard and care for their patients and (2) appear knowledgeable and skilled by remaining injury free.

scholarly journals ATRAID regulates the action of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates on bone

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Surface ◽  
Damon T. Burrow ◽  
Jinmei Li ◽  
Jiwoong Park ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Protein Prenylation ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Cellular Factors ◽  
Osteoclast Function ◽  
Differential Responsiveness ◽  
Coding Variants ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractNitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs), such as alendronate, are the most widely prescribed medications for diseases involving bone, with nearly 200 million prescriptions written annually. Recently, widespread use of N-BPs has been challenged due to the risk of rare but traumatic side effects such as atypical femoral fracture (AFFs) and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). N-BPs bind to and inhibit farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS), resulting in defects in protein prenylation. Yet it remains poorly understood what other cellular factors might allow N-BPs to exert their pharmacological effects. Here, we performed genome-wide studies in cells and patients to identify the poorly characterized gene, ATRAID. Loss of ATRAID function results in selective resistance to N-BP-mediated loss of cell viability and the prevention of alendronate-mediated inhibition of prenylation. ATRAID is required for alendronate inhibition of osteoclast function, and ATRAID-deficient mice have impaired therapeutic responses to alendronate in both postmenopausal and senile (old age) osteoporosis models. Lastly, we performed exome sequencing on patients taking N-BPs that suffered ONJ or an AFF. ATRAID is one of three genes that contain rare non-synonymous coding variants in patients with ONJ or AFF that is also differentially expressed in poor outcome groups of patients treated with N-BPs. We functionally validated this patient variation in ATRAID as conferring cellular hypersensitivity to N-BPs. Our work adds key insight into the mechanistic action of N-BPs and the processes that might underlie differential responsiveness to N-BPs in people.One Sentence SummaryATRAID is essential for responses to the commonly prescribed osteoporosis drugs nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates.OverlineBONE

scholarly journals A Potential Anti-Tumor Herb Bred in a Tropical Fruit: Insight into the Chemical Components and Pharmacological Effects of Momordicae Semen

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 3949
Author(s):  
Xiao-Rong Xu ◽  
Chuan-Hong Luo ◽  
Bo Cao ◽  
Run-Chun Xu ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Momordica Cochinchinensis ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity ◽  
Insight Into

Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) is a popular tropical fruit in southeast Asia. What is amazing is that its seeds (Momordicae Semen) and arils are traditional herbs with anti-tumor activity, and have protected human health for more than 1000 years. In recent years, its anti-tumor activity has received extensive attention and research. This manuscript summarized the chemical composition of saponins, fatty acids, volatile constituents, proteins, peptides, and other components from Momordicae Semen (MSE). The effect and mechanism of MSE and its extract on breast cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, esophagus cancer, melanomas, and human cervical epithelial carcinoma were discussed. In addition, its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other pharmacological effects were also analyzed. We hope that this review will provide new ideas for the treatment of cancer and other diseases, and become a reference for the further research into complementary and alternative medicine.

Mechanistic insight into carnosol-mediated pharmacological effects: Recent trends and advancements

Life Sciences ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharambir Kashyap ◽  
Gaurav Kumar ◽  
Ajay Sharma ◽  
Katrin Sak ◽  
Hardeep Singh Tuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Autophagy regulation using luteolin: new insight into its anti-tumor activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Ashrafizadeh ◽  
Zahra Ahmadi ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh ◽  
Saeed Samarghandian
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Tumor Drugs ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Anti Inflammation ◽  
Catabolic Process

Abstract Application of novel methods in cancer therapy is important in terms of management and treatment of the life-threatening disorder. It appears that autophagy is a potential target in cancer therapy, as a variety of drugs targeting autophagy have shown great potential in reducing the viability and proliferation of cancer cells. Autophagy is primarily a catabolic process which provides energy during starvation. Besides, this process contributes to the degradation of aged or potentially toxic components and organelles. On the other hand, the source of a variety of naturally occurring anti-tumor drugs are flavonoids which have high anti-tumor activity. Luteolin is a polyphenolic flavone with the great pharmacological effects such as anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-tumor. At the present review, we demonstrate how luteolin affects on autophagy process to induce anti-tumor activity.

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