Mixotrophic Chlorella pyrenoidosa as cell factory for ultrahigh-efficient removal of ammonium from catalyzer wastewater with valuable algal biomass coproduction through short-time acclimation

2021 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. 125151
Author(s):  
Qingke Wang ◽  
Zongyi Yu ◽  
Dong Wei ◽  
Weining Chen ◽  
Jun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Chlorella Pyrenoidosa ◽  
Cell Factory ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Short Time

scholarly journals Heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and the enzymatic hydrolysis of its biomass for the synthesis of third generation bioethanol

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Phour Dhull ◽  
Kshitiz Gupta ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Soni
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Chlorella Pyrenoidosa ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Carbon Utilization ◽  
Enzyme Cocktail ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The present study has been carried out with a view of evaluating a green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa as a potential candidate for the production of reducing sugars using an enzyme cocktail of multiple carbohydrates produced on site for the fermentation into bioethanol. The ability of C. pyrenoidosa to grow similarly fast on different carbon sources and light has been studied in Fog’s medium in heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultures. The high cells densities of mixotrophic cultures demonstrated that the growth-stimulating effects of light and carbon utilization were better as compared to the effects of glucose in heterotrophic condition. Maximum biomass yield of 1.2 g/l was achieved with 1% Glucose and 0.2% KNO3 after 7 days of incubation at 28oC. The algal biomass was steam pretreated and hydrolyzed by a cocktail of multiple carbohydrases produced by solid state culture of a laboratory isolate belonging to Aspergillus sp. on wheat bran exhibiting the yields of 86, 35, 74, 1947, 61, 17000 and 1388 IU/g dry wheat bran for CMCase, FPase, β-glucosidase, xylanase, mannanase, α-amylase and glucoamylase respectively. The enzyme cocktail worked well in the hydrolysis of algal biomass at 50oC and produced total reducing sugars amounting to 429 mg/g of dried biomass revealing carbohydrate conversion efficiency of 96% after 48 h of hydrolysis. The released sugars may be fermented using suitable yeast strains for the production of third generation bioethanol.

Dissolved organic matter utilization and oxygen uptake in algal–bacterial microcosms

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1315-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Tison ◽  
A. J. Lingg
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Chlorella Pyrenoidosa ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Bacterial Respiration ◽  
Bacterial Microbiota ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Algal Photosynthesis

Under closed laboratory conditions, at non-limiting nutrient levels, the biomass of Anabaena variabilis. Anacystis nidnlans, Chlorella pyrenoidosa. and Selanastrum capricornutum increased with increasing levels of dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a result of bacterially produced carbon dioxide (CO2) and (or) cofactors. Oxygen (O2) produced as a result of algal photosynthesis was sufficient to supply the majority of O2 required by the bacterial community. The percentage of DOM utilized by bacteria which was subsequently incorporated into algal biomass varied with individual species indicating that the association between individual algal species and the bacterial microbiota varied.Under natural conditions bacteria could provide CO2 and (or) cofactors for algal photosynthesis which in turn supplies O2 for bacterial respiration. This mutualistic association in aquatic environments could result in an increase in planktonic and epiphytic algal biomass if other nutrients are available.

As(III) removal by Fe(III)-amidoximated PAN in the presence of H2O2 through simultaneous oxidation and adsorption

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-573
Author(s):  
Luyao Gao ◽  
Mengna Hao ◽  
Fanling Bu ◽  
Chunnuan Ji ◽  
Rongjun Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Dynamic Adsorption ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Simultaneous Oxidation ◽  
Simulated Groundwater ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Short Time

Abstract This study explored the efficient removal of As(III) by Fe(III)-amidoximated PAN (Fe(III) AO PAN) in the presence of H2O2 through simultaneous oxidation and adsorption. It presented that As(III) could be oxidized to As(V) efficiently in the pH range 3–9 within a short time. At the same time, the oxidized As(V) was adsorbed by Fe(III)-AO PAN. The effect of pH value, H2O2 concentration, Fe(III)-AO PAN amount, and coexisting anions on the As(III) oxidation and removal were investigated in detail. Dynamic adsorption on fixed column was also studied. Arsenic removal efficiency including As(III) and As(V) could be achieved (95.2%) by the simultaneous oxidation and adsorption process at the following optimal conditions: pH = 6.5, dosage of Fe(III)-AO PAN = 2.5 g/L, H2O2 = 100 mg/L, initial concentration of As(III) = 5 mg/L. Dynamic adsorption on fixed column demonstrated that As(III) in simulated groundwater could be efficiently removed from 500μg/L to <10 μg/L within 130 bed volumes (BV).

scholarly journals Heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and the enzymatic hydrolysis of its biomass for the synthesis of third generation bioethanol

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Phour Dhull ◽  
Kshitiz Gupta ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Soni
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Chlorella Pyrenoidosa ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Carbon Utilization ◽  
Enzyme Cocktail ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The present study has been carried out with a view of evaluating a green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa as a potential candidate for the production of reducing sugars using an enzyme cocktail of multiple carbohydrates produced on site for the fermentation into bioethanol. The ability of C. pyrenoidosa to grow similarly fast on different carbon sources and light has been studied in Fog’s medium in heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultures. The high cells densities of mixotrophic cultures demonstrated that the growth-stimulating effects of light and carbon utilization were better as compared to the effects of glucose in heterotrophic condition. Maximum biomass yield of 1.2 g/l was achieved with 1% Glucose and 0.2% KNO3 after 7 days of incubation at 28oC. The algal biomass was steam pretreated and hydrolyzed by a cocktail of multiple carbohydrases produced by solid state culture of a laboratory isolate belonging to Aspergillus sp. on wheat bran exhibiting the yields of 86, 35, 74, 1947, 61, 17000 and 1388 IU/g dry wheat bran for CMCase, FPase, β-glucosidase, xylanase, mannanase, α-amylase and glucoamylase respectively. The enzyme cocktail worked well in the hydrolysis of algal biomass at 50oC and produced total reducing sugars amounting to 429 mg/g of dried biomass revealing carbohydrate conversion efficiency of 96% after 48 h of hydrolysis. The released sugars may be fermented using suitable yeast strains for the production of third generation bioethanol.

scholarly journals Fast and Efficient Removal of Uranium onto a Magnetic Hydroxyapatite Composite: Mechanism and Process Evaluation

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1927
Author(s):  
Tao Ou ◽  
Hairong Peng ◽  
Minhua Su ◽  
Qingpu Shi ◽  
Jinfeng Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Cobalt Ferrite ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Composite ◽  
Main Crystalline Phase ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Process

The exploration and rational design of easily separable and highly efficient sorbents with satisfactory capability of extracting radioactive uranium (U)-containing compound(s) are of paramount significance. In this study, a novel magnetic hydroxyapatite (HAP) composite (HAP@ CoFe2O4), which was coupled with cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4), was rationally designed for uranium(VI) removal through a facile hydrothermal process. The U(VI) ions were rapidly removed using HAP@ CoFe2O4 within a short time (i.e., 10 min), and a maximum U(VI) removal efficiency of 93.7% was achieved. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) of the HAP@CoFe2O4 was 338 mg/g, which demonstrated the potential of as-prepared HAP@CoFe2O4 in the purification of U(VI) ions from nuclear effluents. Autunite [Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2(H2O)6] was the main crystalline phase to retain uranium, wherein U(VI) was effectively extracted and immobilized in terms of a relatively stable mineral. Furthermore, the reacted HAP@CoFe2O4 can be magnetically recycled. The results of this study reveal that the suggested process using HAP@CoFe2O4 is a promising approach for the removal and immobilization of U(VI) released from nuclear effluents.

Mixed Culture Microalgae Removal for Water Quality Improvement Using Chitosan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulab Singh ◽  
S. K. Patidar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Mixing Rate ◽  
Beneficial Uses ◽  
Improve Water Quality ◽  
Slow Mixing

The presence of microalgae affects water quality and beneficial uses of surface freshwaters. Chitosan with proven potential for harvesting specific microalgae species from their culture medium for producing biofuels and bioproducts appears promising for efficient removal of mixed microalgae species from surface freshwaters also. The main thrust of the present study was on removal of mixed microalgae species using chitosan as a coagulant to help improve water quality. Important operational parameters were optimized for economical microalgae removal. The microalgae cells, chlorophyll-a, TN and TP removal efficiency were 82.06, 89.90, 69.32 and 44.01%, respectively at an optimum chitosan dose of 10 mg/L, pH 8, slow mixing time 7 min, slow mixing rate 30 rpm and settling time of 15 min. The results have shown that chitosan coagulation efficiently removed the mixed microalgae species from surface freshwater with significant improvement in water quality and recovery of algal biomass for other beneficial applications.

What the replication reformation wrought

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Spellman ◽  
Daniel Kahneman
Keyword(s):  
Reform Movement ◽  
Short Time

AbstractReplication failures were among the triggers of a reform movement which, in a very short time, has been enormously useful in raising standards and improving methods. As a result, the massive multilab multi-experiment replication projects have served their purpose and will die out. We describe other types of replications – both friendly and adversarial – that should continue to be beneficial.

Periodic Variations in the Coronal Green Line Intensity and their Connection with the White-light Coronal Structures

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský ◽  
Vojtech Rušin
Keyword(s):  
Time Resolution ◽  
White Light ◽  
Short Time Scale ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Periodic Intensity ◽  
Coronal Green Line ◽  
Significant Intensity ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractWe present an analysis of short time-scale intensity variations in the coronal green line as obtained with high time resolution observations. The observed data can be divided into two groups. The first one shows periodic intensity variations with a period of 5 min. the second one does not show any significant intensity variations. We studied the relation between regions of coronal intensity oscillations and the shape of white-light coronal structures. We found that the coronal green-line oscillations occur mainly in regions where open white-light coronal structures are located.

Destruction of Actin Filaments by Osmium Tetroxide

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 466-467
Author(s):  
P. Maupin-Szamier ◽  
T. D. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Rabbit Muscle ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Sodium Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rates Of Decay ◽  
Short Time

We have studied the destruction of rabbit muscle actin filaments by osmium tetroxide (OSO4) to develop methods which will preserve the structure of actin filaments during preparation for transmission electron microscopy.Negatively stained F-actin, which appears as smooth, gently curved filaments in control samples (Fig. 1a), acquire an angular, distorted profile and break into progressively shorter pieces after exposure to OSO4 (Fig. 1b,c). We followed the time course of the reaction with viscometry since it is a simple, quantitative method to assess filament integrity. The difference in rates of decay in viscosity of polymerized actin solutions after the addition of four concentrations of OSO4 is illustrated in Fig. 2. Viscometry indicated that the rate of actin filament destruction is also dependent upon temperature, buffer type, buffer concentration, and pH, and requires the continued presence of OSO4. The conditions most favorable to filament preservation are fixation in a low concentration of OSO4 for a short time at 0°C in 100mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.0.

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