Energy Use and Economic Evaluation of a Three Year Crop Rotation for Conservation and Organic Farming in NE Italy

2005 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Sartori ◽  
B. Basso ◽  
M. Bertocco ◽  
G. Oliviero
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Ne Italy

Perspective of using fusariosis resistant varieties of lupines in organic farming

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
M.S. Korniychuk ◽  
N.V. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Protein Feed

The expediency of fusarium resistant lupines usage in organic farming for improving soil fertility and producing high protein feed for livestock is justified in this article. Organic production excludes the use of mineral fertilizers and pesticides. In these circumstances, increases the value of cultures that positively affect the fertility of soils and their phytosanitary status. These crops include annual fodder lupine (yellow, white and angustifolia), especially varieties that are resistant to disease. Having the highest nitrogen-fixing ability among annual legume crops, lupins, depending on the type and conditions of cultivation, can accumulate from 80 to 300 kg/ha of environmentally pure symbiotic nitrogen in biomass. Plowing the green mass (30-45 t/ha) is equivalent to the corresponding amount of manure or introduction of 5-7 t/ha of ammonium nitrate. 30 kg/ha of phosphorus and 50 kg/ha of potassium are entering the soil with plant remains. Therefore, lupine provides itself with nutrients and still leaves up to 150 kg/ha of nitrogen in the soil after harvesting for subsequent crops in crop rotation. In organic production, fusariosis resistant varieties of lupines are also interesting as a source of high protein feeds for livestock. They are building up to 60 t/ha of biomass, which contains more than one ton of digestible protein. In grain of the fodder varieties contains 40-52% of crude protein, 5.5-6.0% of fat, 10-12% of sugar. The characteristic of fusarium resistant varieties of lupins (yellow, white and angustifolia), created in the NSC "Institute of Agriculture NAAS" and included in the Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine is presented in this article. These varieties are practically not affected by fusariosis under the production conditions and do not require the use of fungicides during the growing season. They can be grown in crop rotation with a return period of 2-3 years, whereas for unstable it took 6-7 years. Because of the inability to use in organic farming fungicide to prevent crop losses from anthracnose, it is necessary to use predominantly angustifolia lupine varieties, which are now more tolerant to this disease, prevent sowing of infected seeds and adhere to crop rotation. Fusarium-resistant varieties of lupins are suitable for cultivation in poucous and sown crops, and in mixtures with other crops.

scholarly journals Crop sequence effects on energy efficiency and land demand in a long-term fertilisation trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 739-746
Author(s):  
Gerhard Moitzi ◽  
Reinhard Neugschwandtner ◽  
Hans-Peter Kaul ◽  
Helmut Wagentristl
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Energy Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Bare Fallow

The effect of crop sequences (CR – continuous winter rye; CropR – three-field crop rotation of winter rye-spring barley-bare fallow) and fertilisation systems (unfertilised control, mineral fertiliser (NPK), farmyard manure (FYM)) on crop yield, energy efficiency indicators and land demand were analysed in a long-term experiment under Pannonian climate conditions. Due to lower fuel consumption in the bare fallow, the total fuel consumption for CropR was 27% lower than in CR. It was for NPK and FYM fertilisation by 29% and 42% higher than in the control. Although the energy output was lower in CropR than CR, the energy use efficiency for grain production increased by 35% and for above-ground biomass production by 20%. Overall crop sequences, the NPK treatment had higher crop yields, energy outputs and net-energy output with a lower energy use efficiency than the unfertilised control. CropR increased the land demand just by 20% in comparison to CR, although one-third of the land was not used for crop production. The land demand could be decreased with fertilisation by 50% (NPK) or 48% (FYM). A bare fallow year in the crop rotation decreased the crop yield, energy input and increased the energy use efficiency and land demand.  

scholarly journals Economic evaluation of cattle management in the system of organic farming

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Živělová ◽  
J. Jánský ◽  
P. Novák
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Cattle Management ◽  
Increasing Demand

This paper introduces partial results of the research project QC 1140 aimed at the efficiency of enterprises operating in the system of organic farming, especially considering the use of grassland linked with cattle management. Economic evaluation of cattle management in the system of organic farming is compared with conventional enterprises. Economic evaluation applies to dairy cattle and beef cattle. Proposals of the measures will be formed with respect to the results of analysys, which should contribute to the support of organic enterprises and to better satisfaction of the increasing demand for organic food.

A look forward.

2022 ◽  
pp. 264-271
Author(s):  
Graham Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Pesticide Application

Abstract This chapter focuses on different management practices in growing cotton, including the use of genetically modified varieties, pesticide application, crop rotation, spacing, irrigation, weed control, integrated pest management and organic farming.

scholarly journals Environmental effectiveness of GAEC cross-compliance standard 2.2 "Maintaining the level of soil organic matter through crop rotation" and economic evaluation of the competitiveness gap for farmers

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1s) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamberto Borrelli ◽  
Roberta Farina ◽  
Paolo Bazzoffi ◽  
Antonio Melchiorre Carroni ◽  
Paola Ruda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Environmental Effectiveness ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
Cross Compliance

Within the Project MO.NA.CO was evaluated the Environmental effectiveness of GAEC cross-compliance standard 2.2 “Maintaining the level of soil organic matter through crop rotation” and economic evaluation of the competitiveness gap for farmers who support or not the cross-compliance regime. The monitoring was performed in nine experimental farms of the Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA) distributed throughout Italy and with different soil and climatic conditions. Were also evaluated the soil organic matter and some yield parameters, in a cereal monocropping (treatment counterfactual) and a two-year rotation cereal-legume or forage (treatment factual). The two-years application of the standard “crop rotations” has produced contrasting results with regards to the storage of soil organic matter through crop rotation and these were not sufficient to demonstrate a statistically significant effect of treatment in any of the farms considered in monitoring, only in those farms subjected to more years of monitoring was recorded only a slight effect of the standard as a trend. The variations of organic matter in soils in response to changes in the culture technique or in the management of the soil may have long lag times and two years of time are not sufficient to demonstrate the dynamics of SOM associated with the treatment, also in consideration of the large inter annual variability recorded in different monitored sites.

scholarly journals Effect of contrasting crop rotation systems on soil chemical, biochemical properties and plant root growth in organic farming: first results

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elga Monaci ◽  
Serena Polverigiani ◽  
Davide Neri ◽  
Michele Bianchelli ◽  
Rodolfo Santilocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Root System ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Plant Root System

Organic farming is claimed to improve soil fertility. Nonetheless, among organic practices, net C-inputs may largely vary in amount and composition and produce different soil conditions for microbial activity and plant-root system adaptation and development. In this study, we hypothesised that, in the regime of organic agriculture, soil chemical and biochemical properties can substantially differ under contrasting crop rotation systems and produce conditions of soil fertility to which the plant responds through diverse growth and production. The impact of 13 years of Alfalfa-Crop rotation (P-C) and Annual Crop rotation (A-C) was evaluated on the build up of soil organic carbon (SOC), active (light fraction organic matter, LFOM; water soluble organic carbon, WSOC) and humic fraction (fulvic acids carbon, FAC; humic acids carbon, HAC), soil biochemical properties (microbial biomass carbon, MBC; basal respiration, dBR; alkaline phosphatase AmP; arylsulfatase ArS; orto-diphenoloxidase, o-DPO) and the amount of available macro-nutrients (N, P, and S) at two different soil depths (0-10 cm and 10-30 cm) before and after cultivation of wheat. We also studied the response of root morphology, physiology and yield of the plant-root system of wheat. Results showed that the level of soil fertility and plant-root system behaviour substantially differed under the two crop rotation systems investigated here. We observed high efficiency of the P-C soil in the build up of soil organic carbon, as it was 2.9 times higher than that measured in the A-C soil. With the exception of o-DPO, P-C soil always showed a higher level of AmP and ArS activity and an initial lower amount of available P and S. The P-C soil showed higher rootability and promoted thinner roots and higher root density. In the P-C soil conditions, the photosynthesis and yield of durum wheat were also favoured. Finally, cultivation of wheat caused an overall depletion of the accrued fertility of soil, mainly evident in the P-C soil, which maintained a residual higher level of all the chemical and biochemical properties tested.

scholarly journals Energy Performance Evaluation and Economic Analysis of Insulation Materials of Office Building in Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bo-Eun Choi ◽  
Ji-Hyun Shin ◽  
Jin-Hyun Lee ◽  
Hyo-Jun Kim ◽  
Sun-Sook Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Conservation Measure ◽  
Building Energy Conservation ◽  
Decision Support Process

Building energy conservation measure (ECM) of insulation materials suitable for the domestic situation in the construction sector (passive) is established. The ECMs of insulation materials were classified into walls, roofs, and floors. Also, economic evaluation databases, which are composed of material costs, labor costs, and expenses for constructed alternatives, were built. After setting the target building and deriving the ECM list of insulation materials for the target building, the energy use evaluation and economic evaluation were performed for each constructed alternative. Based on this, the optimal building energy conservation measure of the target building was derived by applying the decision-support process.

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