scholarly journals Elevation of secondary metabolites production through light-emitting diodes (LEDs) illumination in protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) of Dendrobium hybrid orchid rich in phytochemicals with therapeutic effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. e00497
Author(s):  
Lit Chow Yeow ◽  
Bee Lynn Chew ◽  
Subramaniam Sreeramanan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Metabolites Production

scholarly journals Light Emitting Diode Mediated Photobiomodulation Therapy in Orthodontics - A Review of Contemporary Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (32) ◽  
pp. 2672-2679
Author(s):  
Akanksha Naresh Kumar ◽  
Vikrant Jadhav ◽  
Rashmi Jawalekar ◽  
Pankaj Akhare ◽  
Harish Atram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Light Therapy ◽  
Photobiomodulation Therapy ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Light Emitting

BACKGROUND Photobiomodulation is an emerging area of medical and dental science that has gained attention in numerous clinical fields with the advent of new generational light - emitting diodes (LEDs), as evident in the extent of published scientific literature in recent years. The rationale behind LED - mediated photobiomodulation therapy (LPT) is that at certain biologically active wavelengths, LEDs have shown to have therapeutic effects at the cellular and subcellular levels and are an efficient alternative photon source after lasers, along with their numerous benefits. Subsequent to favourable in-vitro, animal and recently human clinical trials, considerable attention has been garnered towards the promising applications and the integration of LPT with traditional therapeutic protocols, including in orthodontics. Originally started and accepted as a modality in acceleration of tooth movement, pain management and increasing the bone remodelling rate and quality, the advancements in this therapeutic technology have created new avenues in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders, root resorption, bone consolidation during maxillary expansion and distraction osteogenesis, as well as for improvement in miniscrew stability. Since it is non-invasive, easy to perform and user friendly with reported efficacy, an established consensus of wavelengths and parameters with respect to guidance for clinical use will go a long way in enabling the successful achievement of numerous objectives. This review article of published research intends to evaluate the adjunctive applications of LPT within orthodontic treatment at several levels along with the underlying mechanism, parameters and reported outcomes. KEY WORDS Photobiomodulation Therapy, Light Emitting Diodes, LED - Mediated Phototherapy, Low Level Light Therapy, NIR-LED, Light Accelerated Orthodontics

scholarly journals Irradiance from Distinct Wavelength Light-emitting Diodes Affect Secondary Metabolites in Kale

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 2243-2244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. Lefsrud ◽  
Dean A. Kopsell ◽  
Carl E. Sams
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Maximum Accumulation ◽  
Wavelength Control ◽  
Mass Basis

The use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for plant production is a new field of research that has great promise to optimize wavelength-specific lighting systems for precise management of plant physiological responses and important secondary metabolite production. In our experiment, hydroponically cultured kale plants (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala D.C.) were grown under specific LED wavelength treatments of 730, 640, 525, 440, and 400 nm to determine changes in the accumulation of chlorophylls, carotenoids, and glucosinolates. Maximum accumulation, on a fresh mass basis, of chlorophyll a and b and lutein occurred at the wavelength of 640 nm, whereas β-carotene accumulation peaked under the 440-nm treatment. However, when lutein was measured on a dry mass basis, maximum accumulation was shifted to 440 nm. Sinigrin was the only glucosinolate to respond to wavelength treatments. Wavelength control using LED technology can affect the production of secondary metabolites such as carotenoids and glucosinolates with irradiance levels also a factor in kale. Management of irradiance and wavelength may hold promise to maximize nutritional potential of vegetable crops grown in controlled environments.

Injecting Inter-Layers and the Built-in Potential of Blue Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes

2000 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Brown ◽  
Ian S. Millard ◽  
David J. Lacey ◽  
Jeremy H. Burroughes ◽  
Richard H. Friend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Carrier Injection ◽  
Semiconducting Polymer ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Polymer Light Emitting Diodes

ABSTRACTThe semiconducting-polymer/injecting-electrode heterojunction plays a crucial part in the operation of organic solid state devices. In polymer light-emitting diodes (LEDs), a common fundamental structure employed is Indium-Tin-Oxide/Polymer/Al. However, in order to fabricate efficient devices, alterations to this basic structure have to be carried out. The insertion of thin layers, between the electrodes and the emitting polymer, has been shown to greatly enhance LED performance, although the physical mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Here, we use electro-absorption measurements of the built-in potential to monitor shifts in the barrier height at the electrode/polymer interface. We demonstrate that the main advantage brought about by inter-layers, such as poly(ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulphonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) at the anode and Ca, LiF and CsF at the cathode, is a marked reduction of the barrier to carrier injection. The electro- absorption results also correlate with the electroluminescent characteristics of the LEDs.

Low-Temperature Operation of Green, Blue and UV InGaN/GaN Multiple-Quantum-Well Light-Emitting Diodes

2003 ◽  
Vol 764 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. A. Cao ◽  
S. F. LeBoeuf ◽  
J. L. Garrett ◽  
A. Ebong ◽  
L. B. Rowland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Well ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Multiple Quantum Well ◽  
Light Output ◽  
Localized States ◽  
Multiple Quantum ◽  
Nonradiative Recombination ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Green Leds

Absract:Temperature-dependent electroluminescence (EL) of InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with peak emission energies ranging from 2.3 eV (green) to 3.3 eV (UV) has been studied over a wide temperature range (5-300 K). As the temperature is decreased from 300 K to 150 K, the EL intensity increases in all devices due to reduced nonradiative recombination and improved carrier confinement. However, LED operation at lower temperatures (150-5 K) is a strong function of In ratio in the active layer. For the green LEDs, emission intensity increases monotonically in the whole temperature range, while for the blue and UV LEDs, a remarkable decrease of the light output was observed, accompanied by a large redshift of the peak energy. The discrepancy can be attributed to various amounts of localization states caused by In composition fluctuation in the QW active regions. Based on a rate equation analysis, we find that the densities of the localized states in the green LEDs are more than two orders of magnitude higher than that in the UV LED. The large number of localized states in the green LEDs are crucial to maintain high-efficiency carrier capture at low temperatures.

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