Assessing release of hazardous substances from construction products – Review of 10 years of experience with a horizontal approach in the European Union

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 194-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Outi Ilvonen
Author(s):  
J. Zelenko ◽  
M. Kalimbet

The article raises the issues of rail transport in many countries, including the European Union and Ukraine, transportation of various classes of dangerous goods, ensuring safety during their transportation, strengthening technical standards and environmental requirements for safety of dangerous goods transportation by all modes of transport and the problem of localization and liquidation of accidents during transportation of various classes of dangerous goods by rail is raised. Methods and methods of localization and elimination of spills of dangerous goods are discussed, the sorption method is described as the chosen method to solve the problem, a brief description of sorbents is given, various variants and modifications of materials for carbon sorbents are presented, materials will be used for universal sorption web, method of obtaining a universal sorption web, demonstrated a special installation for carbonization (Carbonizer), which was slightly modernized and made by the authors according to the design of the Engels University. The method of conducting experiments is described. The characteristics of the universal sorption web, its sorption properties are given, and also the technique of using the universal sorption web as a means for localization and / or liquidation of liquid hazardous substances of 3, 5, 8 hazard classes is proposed.


2013 ◽  
Vol 752 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Gréta Gergely ◽  
Alíz Molnár ◽  
Zoltán Gácsi

The European Union and Japan initiated the issue of RoHS, the directive about the restriction of hazardous substances, which prohibits certain hazardous substances in electronic equipment - including lead - application. Due to the directive the use of lead free solder alloys is spreaded, however the Pb in the form of contamination may be appear under technological process. The lead impurity has significant effect on microstrucutre and lifetime so it is necessary to carry out detailed examinations. In this paper the study of intermetallic compounds in six-element, Pb impured, thermal cycles test-subjected, Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solder alloy is demonstrated


Author(s):  
M.B. Uage

The article presents the characteristics of the legislation regulating the right of water use of industrial enterprises in the European Union. Three periods of formation and development of the provisions of water legislation that restrict or prohibit the industrial discharge of hazardous substances into the water are considered. The institute of integrated environmental permitting is considered. It is noted that the issuance of this type of permits is carried out on the basis of the best available technologies. The best available technologies are those technologies that achieve a high level of environmental protection in the most effective way, developed and ready for implementation, cost-effective, technically feasible, applicable to a particular enterprise. At the same time, enterprises should prevent large-scale and cross-border environmental pollution, effectively use water, energy, raw materials, reduce the risks of accidents and minimize the consequences, monitor emissions, and reclaim the land after the termination of their activities. It is concluded that according to the European water legislation, water is defined as a natural object, and in some cases-as a natural resource that requires special protection from the state.


Author(s):  
Martins VILNITIS

Building regulations are still different in many European countries even the European Union directives did unify many acts for construction works and construction products in the member countries. The scheme of the construction process organized as per the Latvian building regulations are presented and commented in the paper. In particular, duties and responsibilities, as far as formally required qualifications of all engineers officially registered for the given construction process, will be shown.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-222
Author(s):  
Dariusz Materniak

The development of civilization and technology is associated with the growing risks to the natural environment, primarily from the risks posed by industrial plants that use hazardous substances or production processes in process of production. The experience of the last few decades shows that such failures cause serious damage to the environment and material or human losses. To prevent such accidents and limit their possible consequences, legal regulations known as Seveso Directives have been developed within the European Union. They were adopted also in Poland as a EU member


2021 ◽  
pp. 273-283
Author(s):  
Yevhenii Pankov ◽  
Olha Filipshykh ◽  
Dmytro Boichuk

The problem of ecology is one of the most common problems of the twenty-first century. No country is immune: no country has better military equipment, no country with low inflation, no country with “perfect” legislation. The purpose of the article was to clarify legislative issues: European Union legislation was outdated, general and lacking in specificity. To address these problems, this article uses different approaches to the definition of environmental security, which makes it necessary to change the concept and the actions within which the definition is adopted. The article goes on to discuss the position of realists who argue that environmental security cannot be set because of lack of accountability “the importance” of the issue of “high” issues. Thus, the paper refers to the emergence of environmental security and its long path. This article contains the following changes and provisions: Brundtland Committee (1987), Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Habitats in Europe (1979), International Tropical Timber Agreement (1983) as well as the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (1979), the Maastricht Treaty (1992), the Hazardous Substances Directives, the impact of EU measures on the environment and the Animal Protection Directive. In addition, the article exposes Programs designed to ensure and regulate environmental safety. The report of the European Environment Agency was also reviewed and a comparative analysis of the data contained in the report and the British Broadcasting Corporation estimates was made. The authors draw attention to several directives, calling them “triumvirate”, which provide the basis for countries to regulate some environmental legislation. Almost in the end of the paper the authors pay attention to the phenomenon of environmental ethics, which is a consequence of imperfect legislation. In its conclusion, the article states that the problems that arise from the lack of accountability of legal acts of a real environmental situation occur in the member states, taking into account the special case of the European Union.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Kathleen Garnett ◽  
Geert Van Calster

Abstract This article examines ‘essential use’ as a novel form of regulatory control. An essential use approach to the regulation of potentially hazardous chemicals has not been used extensively (if at all) in European Union (EU) regulatory law and warrants further consideration. Essential use, as initially proposed by scientists and later referred to in the EU 2020 Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability, is a radical departure from the current method of regulating hazardous substances. The purpose of this article is to contribute to legal scholarship on essential use by (i) scoping its origins in United States law and subsequently in international law; (ii) noting its limited incorporation into the EU legal order over the past 30 years; (iii) analyzing how it could be further incorporated into the EU legal order; and (iv) considering the impact of such a move on the future regulation of hazardous substances in the EU.


2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-67
Author(s):  
Dechun Huang ◽  
Zhibiao Liu ◽  
Andrew Thompson ◽  
Jie Chen

This paper examines competitive issues related to environmental policies like the European Union directives on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment and Restriction on Hazardous Substances implemented in 2006. In order to examine strategic environmental choice implications related to these directives, a vertical market model developed by Stephen F. Hamilton in analyzing competitive choice amongst domestic and foreign, downstream and upstream companies in the presence of environmental constraints was adopted. The main conclusion is that industrial and environmental policies in developing countries should be refocused so as to realize the integration of the environmental cost by internalizing the externalities.


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