Foliar application of zinc oxide nanoparticles: An effective strategy to mitigate drought stress in cucumber seedling by modulating antioxidant defense system and osmolytes accumulation

Background: Cyclophosphamide is used for the treatment of malignant and non-malignant diseases, but, it induces oxidative damage and disturbance in the antioxidant defense system. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used in biomedical applications and consumer products. ZnO-NPs are protected cell membranes against oxidative damage, decrease free radicals and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and increase the antioxidant enzyme levels. Objectives: The present aimed to evaluate the ameliorative effect of Zn-O nano-particles on oxidative damage and disturbance in the antioxidant defense system induced by cyclophosphamide in male albino rats. Materials and Methods: 24 adult male albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (6 rats of each). Group I (Control group): Received 0.2 ml saline /day i.p. injection for 14 days (day by day), group II, (nZnO group): Received nZnO (5 mg/kg/day) b.w., intraperitoneally for 14 days, Group III (CP group): Received CP (20 mg/kg/day) b.w, day by day for 14 days by intraperitoneal injection, Group IV (CP + ZnO NPs group): Received nZnO group: Received nZnO (5 mg/kg/day) b.w., intraperitoneally for 14 days, plus CP (20 mg/kg/day) b.w., day by day for 14 days by intraperitoneal injection. After 24-hr from the last treatment, all animals were anesthetized using light ether. Blood, lungs, and liver samples were taken and prepared for biochemical measurements. Results: Individual treatment of zinc oxide nanoparticles and CP induced liver cytochrome b5, cytochrome C reductase, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) compared to the control group, while CP increased P450. The combination of nZnO and CP prevents the elevation of cytochrome b5, P450, cytochrome C reductase, and GST compared with the CP treated group. Zinc oxide nanoparticles and CP increased liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The combination of nZnO and CP prevents the changes in TBARS concentrations compared with the CP. Injection of CP to rats reduced the activities of serum glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) as compared with the control group. However, combination treatment of rats with nZnO and CP increased the activities of these enzymes compared with those treated with CP alone. Zinc oxide nanoparticles and CP increased serum and lung TBARS, while decreased glutathione (GSH) concentration compared to the control group, with more pronounced changes by CP. The combination of nZnO and CP prevents the changes in TBARS and GSH concentrations compared with the CP. Conclusion: It can be concluded that CP induced oxidative stress and disturbance in the antioxidant defense system. Treatment of rats with zinc oxide nano-particles and CP together attenuated the oxidative damage and disturbance in the antioxidant defense system induced by CP. So, Patients treated with CP advised to take nZnO to prevent the side effects of chemotherapy. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the amelioration effect nZnO and other nano-particles against oxidative stress induced by CP in different doses and experimental models.

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles alleviates the adverse effects of cadmium stress on Oryza sativa via modulation of the photosynthesis and antioxidant defense system

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112401 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 220 ◽

pp. 112401

Author(s):

Mohammad Faizan ◽

Javaid Akhter Bhat ◽

Kamel Hessini ◽

Fangyuan Yu ◽

Parvaiz Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Oryza Sativa ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Cadmium Stress ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Defense System

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The Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Enzymatic and Osmoprotectant Alternations in Different Moringa peregrina Populations Under Drought Stress

International journal of basic science in medicine ◽

10.15171/ijbsm.2018.31 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 178-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Leila Foroutan ◽

Mahmood Solouki ◽

Vahid Abdossi ◽

Barat Ali Fakheri

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Enzymes Activities ◽

Recommended Treatment ◽

Moringa Peregrina

Introduction: Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori as a desert tree has economic, nutritional, and medicinal properties, and is constantly encountered with drought stress. In addition, the role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in regulating the drought stress which induces biochemical processes is uncertain in this plant. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the biochemical alternations, namely, enzymatic and osmoprotectant which are induced by ZnO-NPs in ten populations of M. peregrina under drought stress. Materials and Methods: Moringa peregrina seeds were collected from southeast of Iran in 2014. The young plants were exposed to drought stress by withholding irrigation (until 50% filed capacity [FC]) 40 days after germination followed by spraying 0 (as control), 0.05, and 0.1% of the ZnO-NPs. Results: The alternations of Na/K ratio, enzymes activities, and osmoprotectant content varied under drought stress depending on the M. peregrina populations. Generally, drought stress significantly enhanced peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities, as well as proline content in untreated plants. Further, the Na/K ratio and carbohydrates content significantly decreased under the drought stress. Furthermore, ZnO-NP treatment significantly enhanced POD and PPO activities, as well as proline and carbohydrates content under both well-watered (100% FC) and drought stress conditions (50% FC), and at the concentration of 0.05% rather than 0.1%, ZnO-NPs was more effective. Conclusion: Overall, ZnO-NP treatment could effectively improve the drought tolerance by enhancing the enzymes activities and osmoprotectant content in different M. peregrina populations under drought stress. Therefore, foliar application of ZnO-NPs at 0.05% concentration could be a recommended treatment for growing different M. peregrina populations under drought stress conditions.

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The Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Drought Stress in Moringa peregrina Populations

International journal of basic science in medicine ◽

10.15171/ijbsm.2019.22 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 119-127

Author(s):

leila foroutan ◽

mahmood solouki ◽

Vahid Abdossi ◽

Barat Ali Fakheri ◽

Nafiseh Mahdinezhad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Biochemical Alterations ◽

Moringa Peregrina

Introduction: Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori, is a nutritionally and medicinally important desert tree, which is constantly exposed to drought stress. This study was accomplished to alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress on M. peregrina populations through the foliar application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) by monitoring some physiological and biochemical alterations. Methods: Moringa peregrina seeds were collected from the Southeast of Iran in 2014. Fourteen days after germination, the seedlings were subjected to drought stress by withholding watering until 50% field capacity (FC), followed by spraying 0.1% and 0.05% ZnO-NPs and no spraying (as control). Results: The changes of sodium (Na), potassium (K), chlorophylls, total phenolic content (TPC) as well as antioxidant activity under drought stress condition varied based on M. peregrina populations. Drought stress significantly reduced chlorophylls content, while it enhanced TPC and antioxidant activity. ZnO-NPs treatment significantly inhibited chlorophylls degradation under drought stress conditions. It also enhanced chlorophyll content in well-watered plants. Moreover, it was revealed that TPC and antioxidant activity of M. peregrina populations significantly increased in response to foliar application of ZnO-NPs in both drought-stressed and unstressed plants. Conclusion: Our results suggested that ZnO-NPs spray can augment drought tolerance of different populations of M. peregrina subjected to water deficit condition.

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Foliar Application of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Promotes Drought Stress Tolerance in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020421 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 421

Author(s):

Wael M. Semida ◽

Abdelsattar Abdelkhalik ◽

Gamal. F. Mohamed ◽

Taia A. Abd El-Mageed ◽

Shimaa A. Abd El-Mageed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Solanum Melongena ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles

Water shortage and salinity are major challenges for sustaining global food security. Using nutrients in the nano-scale formulation including zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) is a novel fertilization strategy for crops. In this study, two field-based trials were conducted during 2018 and 2019 to examine the influence of three ZnO NP concentrations (0, 50, and 100 ppm) in eggplant grown under full irrigation (100 of crop evapotranspiration; ETc) and drought stress (60% of ETc). Plant growth, yield, water productivity (WP), physiology, biochemistry, and anatomy responses were evaluated. Drought stress significantly decreased membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content (RWC), and photosynthetic efficiency, thus hampered eggplant growth and yield. In contrast, exogenous ZnO NP to water-stressed eggplant resulted in increased RWC and MSI associated with improved stem and leaf anatomical structures and enhanced photosynthetic efficiency. Under drought stress, supplementation of 50 and 100 ppm ZnO NP improved growth characteristics and increased fruit yield by 12.2% and 22.6%, respectively, compared with fully irrigated plants and nonapplied ZnO NP. The highest water productivity (WP) was obtained when eggplant was irrigated with 60% ETc and foliarly treated with 50 or 100 ppm of ZnO NP, which led to 50.8–66.1% increases in WP when compared with nontreated fully irrigated plants. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that foliar spraying ZnO NP gives the utility for alleviating drought stress effects on eggplant cultivated in saline soil.

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Alteration of photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant systems in tomato under drought with Tebuconazole and Hexaconazole applications

Journal of Scientific Agriculture ◽

10.25081/jsa.2017.v1.52 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 146

Author(s):

Maruthaiya Arivalagan ◽

Ramamurthy Somasundaram

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Photosynthetic Pigments ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Photosynthetic Pigment ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Defense System ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes Activities ◽

Effects Of Drought ◽

Pigment Variation

Present investigation was focused on the response and regulation of the antioxidant defense system and photosynthetic pigment variation effect of two important fungicides or plant growth regulators Hexaconazole (HEX) and Tebuconazole (TBZ) on drought stressed tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants. Drought stress was imposed for 30 Days after sowing (DAS) of tomato plant. The water was irrigated by 4 Days Interval Drought (DID) and the control plants were regularly irrigated. Triazole treatment like HEX at 15 mg L-1 and TBZ at 10 mg L-1 imposed on 30, 40 and 50 DAS. The plant samples were collected on 40, 50 and 60 DAS. The photosynthetic pigments like chlorophyll – a, chlorophyll – b and total chlorophyll were estimated. The drought stress reduced the photosynthetic pigments and increased the antioxidant contents and antioxidant enzymes activities. The combined drought stress with triazole treatments increased the photosynthetic pigments then reduced the ascorbic acid (AA), α-tocopherol, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, when compared to drought stressed plants. It can be concluded that the triazole treatment partially mitigated the adverse effects of drought stress in L. esculentum.

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