scholarly journals Zinc oxide nanoparticles attenuate the oxidative damage and disturbance in antioxidant defense system induced by cyclophosphamide in male albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-008
Author(s):  
El M Shkal Karema ◽  
Azab Azab Elsayed ◽  
Attia Ahmed M ◽  
El-Banna Sabah G ◽  
Yahya Rabia AM
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Defense System

Background: Cyclophosphamide is used for the treatment of malignant and non-malignant diseases, but, it induces oxidative damage and disturbance in the antioxidant defense system. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used in biomedical applications and consumer products. ZnO-NPs are protected cell membranes against oxidative damage, decrease free radicals and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and increase the antioxidant enzyme levels. Objectives: The present aimed to evaluate the ameliorative effect of Zn-O nano-particles on oxidative damage and disturbance in the antioxidant defense system induced by cyclophosphamide in male albino rats. Materials and Methods: 24 adult male albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (6 rats of each). Group I (Control group): Received 0.2 ml saline /day i.p. injection for 14 days (day by day), group II, (nZnO group): Received nZnO (5 mg/kg/day) b.w., intraperitoneally for 14 days, Group III (CP group): Received CP (20 mg/kg/day) b.w, day by day for 14 days by intraperitoneal injection, Group IV (CP + ZnO NPs group): Received nZnO group: Received nZnO (5 mg/kg/day) b.w., intraperitoneally for 14 days, plus CP (20 mg/kg/day) b.w., day by day for 14 days by intraperitoneal injection. After 24-hr from the last treatment, all animals were anesthetized using light ether. Blood, lungs, and liver samples were taken and prepared for biochemical measurements. Results: Individual treatment of zinc oxide nanoparticles and CP induced liver cytochrome b5, cytochrome C reductase, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) compared to the control group, while CP increased P450. The combination of nZnO and CP prevents the elevation of cytochrome b5, P450, cytochrome C reductase, and GST compared with the CP treated group. Zinc oxide nanoparticles and CP increased liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The combination of nZnO and CP prevents the changes in TBARS concentrations compared with the CP. Injection of CP to rats reduced the activities of serum glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) as compared with the control group. However, combination treatment of rats with nZnO and CP increased the activities of these enzymes compared with those treated with CP alone. Zinc oxide nanoparticles and CP increased serum and lung TBARS, while decreased glutathione (GSH) concentration compared to the control group, with more pronounced changes by CP. The combination of nZnO and CP prevents the changes in TBARS and GSH concentrations compared with the CP. Conclusion: It can be concluded that CP induced oxidative stress and disturbance in the antioxidant defense system. Treatment of rats with zinc oxide nano-particles and CP together attenuated the oxidative damage and disturbance in the antioxidant defense system induced by CP. So, Patients treated with CP advised to take nZnO to prevent the side effects of chemotherapy. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the amelioration effect nZnO and other nano-particles against oxidative stress induced by CP in different doses and experimental models.

scholarly journals Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Alleviate Cyclophosphamide Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Bilirubin Concentration ◽  
Total Bilirubin Concentration ◽  
Day By Day

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a potent anticancer agent. Its clinical use is restricted because of its marked organ toxicity associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) are one of the most abundantly used nanomaterials in consumer products and biomedical applications. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ameliorative effect of Zn-O nano-particles on hepatotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide in male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty four adult male rats (Sprague Dawley) were grouped randomly into four groups of six rats each. Group I. Control group: Received 0.2 ml saline /day i.p. injection for 14 days (day by day), group II (CP group): Received CP 20 mg/kg/day body weight (b.w.) day by day for 14 days by intraperitoneal injection, Group III (nZnO group): Received nZnO (5 mg/kg)/day b.w., intraperitoneally for 14 days. Group IV (CP + ZnO NPs group): Received nZnO group: Received nZnO (5 mg/kg/day) b.w., intraperitoneally for 14 days, plus CP 20 mg/kg/day body weight (b.w.) day by day for 14 days by intraperitoneal injection. At the end of the experimental period, rats were anesthetized using light ether. Blood and liver samples were taken and prepared for biochemical measurements and histological examination. Results: Serum total proteins, albumin, and globulin levels, were reduced in CP group when compared with the control group. In CP-animals treated with nZnO, these parameters were improved when compared with the CP-treated. A significant elevation in ALT, AST, ALP activities and total bilirubin concentration were observed after CP treatment as compared to vehicle treatment. Co administration of Pretreatment and nZnO with CP were reduced the enzyme activities and total bilirubin concentration significantly, as compared to CP-treated animals. Photomicrograph section of liver of nZnO-treated group showing hepatic lobule and hepatocytes surrounding a central vein and normal sinusoid. Liver of CP treated group reveals lobular infiltrate by chronic inflammatory cells congested hepatic sinusoids containing red blood cells with hepatocytes disarray and cloudy swelling, increased sinusoidal Kupffer cells, and hepatocytes with inculpated or triple nucleated. Photomicrograph of the section of liver of nZnO and CP combination group showed, decrease of the inflammation and infiltration of the portal area. Conclusion: It can be concluded that CP induced hepatotoxicity. Treatment of rats with zinc oxide nano-particles and CP together ameliorated the toxicity induced by CP. These results may provide further visions into proper treatment of patients by improving side effects of chemotherapy. However further studies are necessary to establish optimal doses of nZnO and receive the best safety profile.

scholarly journals Enhanced Reduction of Polymicrobial Biofilms on the Orthodontic Brackets and Enamel Surface Remineralization Using Zeolite-Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles-Based Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Pourhajibagher ◽  
Abbas Bahador
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Diagnodent Pen ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-biofilm and anti-metabolic activities of zeolite-zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zeo\ZnONPs)-based antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against pre-formed polymicrobial biofilms on the orthodontic brackets, as well as, assess the remineralization efficacy on polymicrobial biofilms induced enamel lesions. Following synthesis and characterization of Zeo\ZnONPs, cell cytotoxicity, hemolytic effect, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were determined. The anti-biofilm and anti-metabolic activities of aPDT using different concentrations of Zeo\ZnONPs were investigated. Microhardness tester and DIAGNOdent Pen were used to evaluate the changes of remineralization degree on the treated enamel slabs duration one and three months. No significant cytotoxicity and erythrocyte hemolysis were observed in treated cells with Ze\ZnONPs. When irradiated, suggesting that the Ze\ZnONPs were photoactivated, generating ROS and leading to reduce dose-dependently the cell viability and metabolic activity of polymicrobial biofilms. Also, the enamel surface microhardness value of exposed enamel showed a steady increase with the concentration of Zeo\ZnONPs. No statistically significant differences were shown between aPDT and sodium fluoride varnish as the control group. Overall, Zeo\ZnONPs-based aPDT with the greatest remineralization efficacy of enamel surface can be used as an anti-biofilm therapeutic method, which is involved with their potent ability to produce ROS.

Effect of gibberellic acid on growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant defense system of wheat under zinc oxide nanoparticle stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 113109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azka Iftikhar ◽  
Shafaqat Ali ◽  
Tahira Yasmeen ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Arif ◽  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticle

scholarly journals Effect of Cadmium Toxicity on Growth, Oxidative Damage, Antioxidant Defense System and Cadmium Accumulation in Two Sorghum Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1575
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jawad Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Ali Raza ◽  
Sana Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Ansar ◽  
Harun Gitari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Semi Arid

Heavy metal stress is a leading environmental issue reducing crop growth and productivity, particularly in arid and semi-arid agro-ecological zones. Cadmium (Cd), a non-redox heavy metal, can indirectly increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inducing cell death. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of Cd (0, 5, 25, 50, 100 µM) on physiological and biochemical parameters in two sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) cultivars: JS-2002 and Chakwal Sorghum. The results showed that various concentrations of Cd significantly increased the Cd uptake in both cultivars; however, the uptake was higher in JS-2002 compared to Chakwal Sorghum in leaf, stem and root. Regardless of the cultivars, there was a higher accumulation of the Cd in roots than in shoots. The Cd stress significantly reduced the growth and increased the electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in both cultivars, but the Chakwal Sorghum showed more pronounced oxidative damage than the JS-2002, as reflected by higher H2O2, MDA and EL. Moreover, Cd stress, particularly 50 µM and 100 µM, decreased the activity of different antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). However, the JS-2002 exhibited higher SOD, POD and CAT activities than the Chakwal Sorghum under different Cd-levels. These findings revealed that JS-2002 had a stronger Cd enrichment capacity and also exhibited a better tolerance to Cd stress due to its efficient antioxidant defense system than Chakwal Sorghum. The present study provides the available information about Cd enrichment and tolerance in S. bicolor, which is used as an important agricultural crop for livestock feed in arid and semi-arid regions.

Micro-Structural Properties of Zinc Oxide Nano-Particles Synthesized by Bio-Polymeric Templates

2014 ◽  
Vol 906 ◽  
pp. 190-195
Author(s):  
Sujata Mandal ◽  
Dominic Savio ◽  
S.J. Selvaraj ◽  
S. Natarajan ◽  
Asit Baran Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cellulose Fibres ◽  
Wurtzite Phase ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
Polymeric Templates

Zinc and iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using natural bio-polymeric templates viz. cellulose and sodium alginate. Cellulose fibres from different sources viz. filter-and blot-papers, were used as templates for this purpose. The synthesized Zinc oxide nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infra-red spectra (FT-IR), UV-Visible spectrophotomer (UV-Vis) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies. XRD studied confirmed the formation of highly crystalline hexagonal wurtzite phase of ZnO in all the synthesized nanoparticles. The average crystallite sizes of the nanoparticles obtained using different templates, were well below 50 nm. Characteristics of the zinc oxide nanoparticles obtained by template-based techniques were compared with those obtained by co-precipitation technique. Influence of various templates on the characteristics of metal oxide nanoparticles was studied.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document