Stability and release mechanisms of double emulsions loaded with bioactive compounds; a critical review

A single Streptomyces strain often have the potential to produce more than one bioactive compound. Fermentation parameters include media compositions, temperature and pH, have great impact on the secondary metabolism of Streptomyces and subsequently on production of different microbial products. This review aims to consolidate the studies on the cultivation parameters used to enhance the production of secondary metabolite with anti-Vibrio activity from a single Streptomyces strain. In turn, this review sheds light on the possible alterations of the cultivation parameters to obtain desired anti-Vibrio compounds from Streptomyces sp. Furthermore, the bioactive compounds with anti-Vibrio activity identified from Streptomyces sp. were demonstrated to exhibit immense values for future antibacterial agent developments.

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Encapsulation Preserves Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Cactus Acid Fruit Bioactive Compounds under Simulated Digestion Conditions

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25235736 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (23) ◽

pp. 5736

Author(s):

Gabriela Medina-Pérez ◽

José Antonio Estefes-Duarte ◽

Laura N. Afanador-Barajas ◽

Fabián Fernández-Luqueño ◽

Andrea Paloma Zepeda-Velásquez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Digestive Enzymes ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Double Emulsions ◽

Simulated Digestion ◽

Oil In Water ◽

Before And After ◽

The Stability

Cactus acid fruit (Xoconostle) has been studied due its content of bioactive compounds. Traditional Mexican medicine attributes hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerogenic and immunostimulant properties among others. The bioactive compounds contained in xoconostle have shown their ability to inhibit digestive enzymes such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Unfortunately, polyphenols and antioxidants in general are molecules susceptible to degradation due to storage conditions, (temperature, oxygen and light) or the gastrointestinal tract, which limits its activity and compromises its potential beneficial effect on health. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the stability, antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of encapsulated extract of xoconostle within double emulsions (water-in-oil-in-water) during storage conditions and simulated digestion. Total phenols, flavonoids, betalains, antioxidant activity, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition were measured before and after the preparation of double emulsions and during the simulation of digestion. The ED40% (treatment with 40% of xoconostle extract) treatment showed the highest percentage of inhibition of α-glucosidase in all phases of digestion. The inhibitory activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase related to antidiabetic activity was higher in microencapsulated extracts than the non-encapsulated extracts. These results confirm the viability of encapsulation systems based on double emulsions to encapsulate and protect natural antidiabetic compounds.

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