Biosynthesis of lead nanoparticles by the aquatic water fern, Salvinia minima Baker, when exposed to high lead concentration

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Castro-Longoria ◽  
K. Trejo-Guillén ◽  
A.R. Vilchis-Nestor ◽  
M. Avalos-Borja ◽  
S.B. Andrade-Canto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Concentration ◽  
High Lead

scholarly journals Influence of fixation procedures on the microanalysis of lead-induced intranuclear inclusions in rat kidney.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
D F Vandeputte ◽  
W A Jacob ◽  
R E Van Grieken
Keyword(s):  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Element Distribution ◽  
Intranuclear Inclusions ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
High Lead ◽  
Laser Microprobe Mass Analysis

Using Laser Microprobe Mass Analysis (LAMMA), we studied the chemical composition of lead-induced intranuclear inclusions in rat kidney tissue prepared by three different wet chemical fixation procedures for transmission electron microscopy. Fixation with glutaraldehyde-Na2S gave the same results as fixation with glutaraldehyde only: a high lead concentration could be detected. Therefore, for lead strongly bound to proteins, precipitation procedures are not essential. Post-fixation with osmium tetroxide drastically changed the composition of the inclusions: the lead concentration decreased substantially, while sodium, calcium, and barium were introduced. The osmium tetroxide fixative was found to be the source of the contamination. It also contained aluminum, and we suggest that other proteins (e.g., in neurofibrillary tangles) might be able to take up Al out of solution and that care must be exercised in interpreting the microanalytical results of osmium-fixed material. For the microanalysis of the lead inclusions, fixation with glutaraldehyde only provides a good compromise between preservation of the ultrastructure and maintenance of the element distribution.

scholarly journals Contaminated Turmeric Is a Potential Source of Lead Exposure for Children in Rural Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Gleason ◽  
James P. Shine ◽  
Nadia Shobnam ◽  
Lisa B. Rokoff ◽  
Hafiza Sultana Suchanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Soil Dust ◽  
Child Health Outcomes ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
High Lead ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background.During the conduct of a cohort study intended to study the associations between mixed metal exposures and child health outcomes, we found that 78% of 309 children aged 20–40 months evaluated in the Munshiganj District of Bangladesh had blood lead concentrations ≥5 µg/dL and 27% had concentrations ≥10 µg/dL.Hypothesis.Environmental sources such as spices (e.g., turmeric, which has already faced recalls in Bangladesh due to high lead levels) may be a potential route of lead exposure.Methods.We conducted visits to the homes of 28 children randomly selected from among high and low blood lead concentration groups. During the visits, we administered a structured questionnaire and obtained soil, dust, rice, and spice samples. We obtained water samples from community water sources, as well as environmental samples from neighborhood businesses.Results.Lead concentrations in many turmeric samples were elevated, with lead concentrations as high as 483 ppm. Analyses showed high bioaccessibility of lead.Conclusions.Contamination of turmeric powder is a potentially important source of lead exposure in this population.

DETERMINATION RESULT OF LEAD IN ANIMALS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Javzandolgor Ts ◽  
Buyantogtokh Ch ◽  
Bolorchuluun S ◽  
Bilguun B ◽  
Ganbold Ya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Livestock Animal ◽  
High Lead ◽  
Made In

Due to negligent use and disposal of lead containing sources including acid and alkali batteries with lead conductor, vehicle accumulators in last years, environment has been polluted greatly and it becomes the cause of animal poisoning. Heavy metals are dangerous because of their persistence and toxicity. Soil behaves as a sink of heavy metals by aerial deposition of particles emitted by human activities. The aims of this work were to identify the levels of lead in accumulator processing plant and city areas and animals. A total of 60 blood samples were collected in the vicinity of Ulaanbaatar and measured lead concentrations using equipment LeadCare II. Detection limit of LeadCare II for blood lead concentration ranges between 3.3 and 65 μg/dl. Measurements were made in three replicates using the samples, which were diluted by 10 to 100 fold and about 180 units of analysis was carried out. According to our study lead concentration in blood from livestock populations in the vicinity of Khonkhor lake, Nalaikh district is greater up to 52.9 ppm and the concentration in the soil around the factories is 30 fold higher. High lead content were found in soil and livestock animal blood samples of accumulator processing plant, which have correlated positively between them. But lead concentration in the blood sample from animals, which in areas might be free from lead pollution, was higher than acceptable level. In further studies on contamination resources are required.

Would Breast-Feeding Decrease Risks of Lead Intoxication?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-131
Author(s):  
JACK NEWMAN
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Lead Intoxication ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
High Lead

To the Editor.— As Shannon and Graef1 point out, lead intoxication may be an important public health problem in young infants. And it is indeed likely that some babies receive too much lead from formula feeding. But this may be due to more than the fact that the lead content of the water is too high. Lead concentration of the formula itself, before dilution and even when packed in lead-free cans, may be several times that of human milk.2

Concentrations of Lead in Capillary Blood of Newborns

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1415-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman P Kubasik ◽  
Michael T Volosin
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Pediatric Populations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Lead

Abstract Lead concentrations in whole blood have been determined for a random sampling of newborns (age 1-8 days) with the use of a microtechnique involving carbon rod atomization and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mean lead concentration of the newborns (13.8 ± 4.5 µg/100 ml of whole blood) significantly differed from that of pediatric populations at low (22.6 ± 6.1) and high lead (32.1 ± 10.4) risk. The concentration of lead in amniotic fluid was less than 20 ng/100 ml of fluid. The significance of the newborn lead values and their role in fetal development remains to be determined.

scholarly journals Lead (Pb) concentration on leaves of some tree species around Kadu Manis industrial region, Tangerang

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Muhamad Yusup Hidayat ◽  
Ridwan Fauzi ◽  
Bambang Hindratmo
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Industrial Region ◽  
Murraya Paniculata ◽  
Modification Method ◽  
Cerbera Manghas ◽  
High Lead

Air pollution is still a serious problem, especially in big cities in Indonesia. One of the heavy metals that is the source of air pollutant and is very harmful to health and the environment is lead (Pb). Mitigation form that can be done for handling lead air pollution is through tree planting. Therefore, it is important to study the appropriate plant species to be recommended for absorbing lead in the air. This study aims to determine the concentration of lead on the leaves of trees around the Kadu Manis Industrial Region, Tangerang. Measurements of lead concentration were carried out using the 3030-H-APHA (American Public Health Association) modification method in 2012 and Working Instructions (IK) metal 01 of 2014. Based on the analysis, there are 5 (five) species which are recommended to be used as the lead absorber: Pinus (Pinus merkusii), Beringin (Ficus benjamina), Kemuning (Murraya paniculata), Flamboyan (Delonix regia), and Bintaro (Cerbera manghas). The lead concentration found on the leaves of these tree species was 770.8 ppm, 440.6 ppm, 229.0 ppm, 168.1 ppm, and 152.1 ppm for pine, beringin, kemuning, flamboyan, and bintaro, respectively. Planting tree species that has the ability to adsorb high lead is one form of mitigation of heavy metal pollution of lead in the air, especially in the industrial region.

Pathomorphologc Findings of Lead Poisoning in White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons)

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 522-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ochiai ◽  
K. Jin ◽  
M. Goryo ◽  
T. Tsuzuki ◽  
C. Itakura
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Intrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Anser Albifrons ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Liver Lead Concentration ◽  
High Lead

Nineteen lead-poisoned white-fronted geese ( Anser albifrons), including nine immature birds, were examined pathologically. Subacute lead poisoning due to ingestion of spent lead shots was diagnosed pathologically and confirmed by demonstrating high lead concentration in the liver. The liver lead concentration ranged from 6.9 to 67.7 mg/kg wet weight. The most suggestive gross lesions were mottled bile-stained liver in eight geese and proventricular impaction and/or the presence of lead pellets in the gizzard. Histologic lesions of the liver consisted of Kupffer cell hemosiderosis, large bile plugs in dilated canaliculi, bile pigmentation in hepatocytes, and bile extravasation and associated hepatic necrosis. Seven geese of the remaining 11 birds also had hepatic necrosis in the liver, the greenish discoloration of which was obscure macroscopically. The liver discoloration was considered a jaundice due to both rapid overproduction of bile from increased breakdown of erythrocytes and intrahepatic impaired excretion of bile. The severity of lesions was not correlated to the liver lead concentrations. All examined geese had hemosiderosis of mononuclear phagocytic system cells in the spleen and hypoplasia or edema of the bone marrow with increased numbers of polychromatic erythroblasts. These prominent changes probably resulted from excess breakdown of erythrocytes, hypercholia followed by intrahepatic cholestasis, and disrupted crythropoiesis in bone marrow caused by lead.

scholarly journals Lead Polluted Hotspot: Environmental Implication of Unplanned Industrial Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmin Yousuf Rikta ◽  
Md. Shiblur Rahaman ◽  
Md. Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Shafi Mohammad Tareq
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Implication ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Vegetative Tissues ◽  
Battery Recycling ◽  
High Lead

Abstract In Rayer Bazaar, different industries like tannery, plastic, textile, battery recycling industry etc. are increasing rapidly without considering the environmental issues and deterioration. Since chromium (Cr) pollution of this area has been widely investigated due to the presence of tannery industries, this study was focused on examining other environmental factors. Field visits and analytical results of semi-quantitative and quantitative analysis as well as three dimensional excitation emission matrix spectroscopy (3DEEM) of water, soil and vegetative tissues indicated that, the area is highly polluted in term of different environmental parameters and metal content. The extremely high lead (Pb) content of the soil (1171.7 mg/kg in summer, 2157.1 mg/kg in winter) and blackish materials of vegetative tissues (6585.6 mg/kg in summer, 1974.1 mg/kg in winter) indicates excessive lead deposition of this area that makes it a lead polluted hotspot. One of the possible sources of the extremely high lead concentration is adjacent battery recycling industry and/or other industries surrounding this area. So it is urgent to take necessary steps to find out immediate options for possible mitigation.

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