Hand heating lowers postprandial blood glucose concentrations: A double-blind randomized controlled crossover trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 102280
Author(s):  
Jeff Moore ◽  
Jochen Kressler ◽  
Michael J. Buono
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations

scholarly journals A Single-Dose of a Polyphenol-Rich Fucus Vesiculosus Extract is Insufficient to Blunt the Elevated Postprandial Blood Glucose Responses Exhibited by Healthy Adults in the Evening: A Randomised Crossover Trial

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Murray ◽  
Aimee Dordevic ◽  
Lisa Ryan ◽  
Maxine Bonham
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycaemia ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Postprandial Glycaemia

When healthy adults consume carbohydrates at night, postprandial blood glucose responses are elevated and prolonged compared to daytime.Extended postprandial hyperglycaemia is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Polyphenols are bioactive secondary metabolites of plants and algae with potential to moderate postprandial glycaemia. This study investigated whether a polyphenol-rich alga (Fucus vesiculosus) extract moderated postprandial glycaemia in the evening in healthy adults. In a double blind, placebo-controlled, randomised three-way crossover trial, 18 participants consumed a polyphenol-rich extract, a cellulose placebo and rice flour placebo (7:15 p.m.) prior to 50 g available carbohydrate from bread (7:45 p.m.), followed by three hours of blood sampling to assess glucose and insulin. A subset of participants (n = 8) completed the same protocol once in the morning with only the cellulose placebo (7:15 a.m.). No effect of the polyphenol-rich extract was observed on postprandial glycaemia in the evening, compared with placebos, in the group as a whole. However, in females only, peak blood glucose concentration was reduced following the polyphenol-rich extract. In the subset analysis, as expected, participants exhibited elevated postprandial blood glucose in the evening compared with the morning following the cellulose placebo. This was the first study to investigate whether a polyphenol intervention moderated evening postprandial hyperglycaemia. The lowering effect observed in females suggests that this warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals Single-Dose Pinitol Ingestion Suppresses Post-Prandial Glucose Levels: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1989081
Author(s):  
Yoshio Suzuki ◽  
Keishoku Sakuraba ◽  
Takuya Wada ◽  
Naoya Watabane ◽  
Seijiro Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Limited studies have demonstrated that chronic consumption of pinitol improved glucose tolerance, and single-dose ingestion (0.6 g) 60 minutes prior to meals suppressed postprandial glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, higher doses (6 g) were required in healthy people who ingested pinitol with a meal. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial was conducted to clarify the effect of 0.6 g of pinitol with a meal on postprandial blood glucose levels in healthy adults. Twenty volunteers aged 18 to 25 years participated in this study. Participants visited the laboratory after an overnight fast. After measuring fasting blood glucose levels (FBG), they consumed test food (0.6 g of pinitol or placebo) and then ate breakfast (577 kcal; protein 14.0 g; fat 5.6 g; and carbohydrate 117.7 g). Blood glucose levels were measured immediately after eating and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after breakfast. Participants’ mean FBG level was 102.6 ± 8.2 mg/dL. Participants were categorized by their FBG as normal ( n = 5; ≤99 mg/dL) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) ( n = 15; 100-125 mg/dL). The incremental area under the curve of blood glucose over 120 minutes after the meal was significantly suppressed by pinitol in the IGT group ( P < 0.05), but not in the normal group. Therefore, pinitol was considered to maintain postprandial blood glucose levels in healthy people with IGT, and may contribute to the prevention of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and intravenous glucagon delivery and subsequent glucose response in rats: a randomized controlled crossover trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilze Dirnena-Fusini ◽  
Marte Kierulf Åm ◽  
Anders Lyngvi Fougner ◽  
Sven Magnus Carlsen ◽  
Sverre Christian Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Artificial Pancreas ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Randomized Controlled

ObjectiveHypoglycemia is a frequent and potentially dangerous event among patients with diabetes mellitus type 1. Subcutaneous glucagon is an emergency treatment to counteract severe hypoglycemia. The effect of intraperitoneal glucagon delivery is sparsely studied. We performed a direct comparison of the blood glucose response following intraperitoneally, subcutaneously and intravenously administered glucagon.Research design and methodsThis is a prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label, crossover trial in 20 octreotide-treated rats. Three interventions, 1  week apart, in a randomized order, were done in each rat. All 20 rats were given intraperitoneal and subcutaneous glucagon injections, from which 5 rats were given intravenous glucagon injections and 15 rats received placebo (intraperitoneal isotonic saline) injection. The dose of glucagon was 5 µg/kg body weight for all routes of administration. Blood glucose levels were measured before and until 60 min after the glucagon/placebo injections.ResultsCompared with placebo-treated rats, a significant increase in blood glucose was observed 4 min after intraperitoneal glucagon administration (p=0.009), whereas after subcutaneous and intravenous glucagon administration significant increases were seen after 8 min (p=0.002  and p<0.001, respectively). In intraperitoneally treated compared with subcutaneously treated rats, the increase in blood glucose was higher after 4 min (p=0.019) and lower after 40 min (p=0.005) and 50 min (p=0.011). The maximum glucose response occurred earlier after intraperitoneal compared with subcutaneous glucagon injection (25 min vs 35 min; p=0.003).ConclusionsGlucagon administered intraperitoneally gives a faster glucose response compared with subcutaneously administered glucagon in rats. If repeatable in humans, the more rapid glucose response may be of importance in a dual-hormone artificial pancreas using the intraperitoneal route for administration of insulin and glucagon.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Zhenyuan Capsule for Coronary Heart Disease with Abnormal Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: Study Protocol for a Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Qiao ◽  
Jingchun Zhang ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Zhiqi Liang ◽  
Yuhua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism

Background. Coronary heart disease (CHD) and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism are closely associated and generally coexist. The Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome is a common disease pattern encountered in traditional Chinese medicine. We designed a protocol to determine the effectiveness and safety of Zhenyuan capsules for CHD with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. Methods. This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled trial was designed in accordance with the CONSORT. We will recruit 200 eligible male patients aged 45–75 years from three participating centers and randomly assign them to treatment and control groups (1 : 1). The primary indicators are glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, and triglyceride levels. The secondary indicators are the Seattle Angina Questionnaire, TCM symptom indicators, ultrasonic cardiography finding, coagulation indicator, and P-selectin level. Measurements will be performed at baseline (T0), the end of the run-in period (T1), and weeks 4 (T2), 8 (T3), and 12 (T4) of the treatment period. Adverse events will be monitored during the trial. Discussion. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zhenyuan capsules in patients with CHD and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. The results will provide critical evidence of the usefulness of the Chinese herbal medicine for CHD with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. Trial Registration. This trial is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry, with identifier number ChiCTR-TRC-14004639, May 4, 2014.

scholarly journals Stevia Beverage Consumption prior to Lunch Reduces Appetite and Total Energy Intake without Affecting Glycemia or Attentional Bias to Food Cues: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 1126-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikoleta S Stamataki ◽  
Corey Scott ◽  
Rebecca Elliott ◽  
Shane McKie ◽  
Douwina Bosscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled

ABSTRACT Background Stevia is a zero-calorie alternative to caloric sugars. Substituting caloric sweeteners with noncaloric sweeteners reduces available energy, but their effects on appetite, subsequent food intake, and neurocognitive responses are still unclear. Objective The aim was to examine whether sweetness with or without calories influences food intake, appetite, blood glucose concentrations, and attentional bias (AB) to food cues. Methods This was a randomized, controlled, double-blind crossover study. Healthy participants [n = 20; aged 27 ± 5 y,  55% female; BMI (kg/m2): 21.8 ± 1.5] completed 5 visits, consuming 5 study beverages: 330 mL water (control, no sweet taste, no calories) and either 330 mL water containing 40 g glucose or sucrose (sweet taste; calories, both 160 kcal), maltodextrin (no sweet taste; calories, 160 kcal), or 240 ppm stevia (sweet taste, no calories). Glucose and stevia beverages were matched for sweetness. Subjective appetite ratings and blood glucose were measured at baseline and at 15, 30, and 60 min postprandially. At 15 min participants performed a visual-dot probe task to assess AB to food cues; at 30 min, participants were offered an ad libitum lunch; food intake was measured. Results Subjective appetite ratings showed that preload sweetness and calorie content both affected appetite. The total AUC for glycemia was significantly higher after the caloric beverages (mean ± SD: maltodextrin, 441 ± 57.6;  glucose, 462 ± 68.1;  sucrose, 425 ± 53.6 mmol × min × L−1 ) compared with both stevia (320 ± 34.2 mmol × min × L−1) and water (304 ± 32.0 mmol × min × L−1) (all P &lt; 0.001). Total energy intake (beverage and meal) was significantly lower after the stevia beverage (727 ± 239 kcal) compared with water (832 ± 198 kcal,  P = 0.013), with no significant difference between the water and caloric beverages (P = 1.00 for water vs. maltodextrin, glucose, and sucrose). However, food-related AB did not differ across conditions (P = 0.140). Conclusions This study found a beneficial and specific effect of a stevia beverage consumed prior to a meal on appetite and energy intake in healthy adults. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03711084.

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