Run fast and sit still: Connections among aerobic fitness, physical activity, and sedentary time with executive function during pre-kindergarten

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Derek R Becker ◽  
Patrick Abi Nader
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Sedentary Time

Relationships between physical activity, sedentary time, aerobic fitness, motor skills and executive function and academic performance in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrine Nyvoll Aadland ◽  
Vegard Fusche Moe ◽  
Eivind Aadland ◽  
Sigmund Alfred Anderssen ◽  
Geir Kåre Resaland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Sedentary Time

scholarly journals Independent And Combined Associations Of Sedentary Time And Physical Activity With Executive Function Among Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Xia Zeng ◽  
Li Cai ◽  
Nianqing Wan ◽  
Stephen Heung-sang Wong ◽  
Minyi Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Sedentary Time

scholarly journals Achieving Canadian physical activity guidelines is associated with better vascular function independent of aerobic fitness and sedentary time in older adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myles W. O’Brien ◽  
Susan A. Robinson ◽  
Ryan Frayne ◽  
Said Mekary ◽  
Jonathon R. Fowles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines

Canadian physical activity guidelines recommend older adults accumulate 150 min of weekly moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Older adults who are insufficiently active may have reduced blood vessel health and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We tested this hypothesis in 11 older adults who did (7 female; age, 65 ± 5 years; MVPA, = 239 ± 81 min/week) and 10 older adults who did not (7 female; age, 68 ± 9 years; MVPA, 95 ± 33 min/week) meet MVPA guidelines. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial (BA) and popliteal (POP) arteries, as well as nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD; endothelial-independent dilation) in the POP were assessed via ultrasonography. Aerobic fitness (peak oxygen uptake) was determined using a graded, maximal cycle ergometry test via indirect calorimetry. MVPA and sedentary time were assessed over 5 days using the PiezoRx and activPAL, respectively. There were no differences in peak oxygen uptake (26 ± 10 vs. 22 ± 10 mL O2/(kg·min); p = 0.26) or sedentary time (512 ± 64 vs. 517 ± 76 min/day; p = 0.87) between groups; however, those who achieved the MVPA guidelines had a higher BA-FMD (5.1% ± 1.3% vs. 3.6% ± 1.7%; p = 0.03), POP-FMD (2.6% ± 1.1% vs. 1.3% ± 0.8%; p = 0.006), and POP-NMD (5.1% ± 1.7% vs. 3.3% ± 2.1%; p = 0.04). In the pooled sample, MVPA was moderately correlated to both BA-FMD (r = 0.53; p = 0.01) and POP-NMD (r = 0.59; p = 0.005), and strongly correlated to POP-FMD (r = 0.85; p < 0.001). Collectively, our results provide supporting evidence that meeting MVPA guidelines is associated with better vascular function and may reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in older adults. Furthermore, these data suggest that weekly MVPA time may have a greater impact on blood vessel function than aerobic fitness and weekly sedentary time.

Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Executive Function in a Longitudinal Study of Youth

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric E. Wickel
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Child Care ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Early Child Care

Background:This study examined associations between sedentary time, physical activity (PA), and executive function among youth participating in the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development.Methods:Sedentary time and PA (light, moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA)) were objectively assessed at 9 and 15 years, while executive function (inhibition, working memory, and fluid intelligence) were assessed at 15 years. Regression models were used to examine associations.Results:Sedentary time at 9 years predicted fluid intelligence at 15 years (B = 0.031), whereas increased sedentary time from 9 to 15 years predicted higher inhibition (B = 0.003), working memory (B = 0.074), and fluid intelligence (B = 0.029). Relatively lower levels of working memory at 15 years were predicted from increased levels of light PA, moderate PA, and MVPA from 9 to 15 years (B = –0.075, –0.293, and –0.173, respectively). At 15 years, inhibition, working memory, and fluid intelligence were significantly associated with sedentary time (B = 0.003, 0.055, and 0.045, respectively).Conclusions:Childhood sedentary time and PA may affect executive function at 15 years; however, prospective studies are needed to examine the concurrent change in both sedentary time and PA with executive function.

Association of Sedentary Time and Physical Activity With Executive Function Among Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Xia Zeng ◽  
Li Cai ◽  
Stephen Heung-sang Wong ◽  
Lijuan Lai ◽  
Yajie Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Sedentary Time

Comparisons of physical activity and sedentary behavior between owners and non-owners of commercial wearable devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yen Yen ◽  
Hao-Yun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Wearable Device ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale

Aims: Wearable devices are a new strategy for promoting physical activity in a free-living condition that utilizes self-monitoring, self-awareness, and self-determination. The main purpose of this study was to explore health benefits of commercial wearable devices by comparing physical activity, sedentary time, sleep quality, and other health outcomes between individuals who used and those that did not use commercial wearable devices. Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional study using an Internet survey in Taiwan. Self-administered questionnaires included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile, and World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale. Results: In total, 781 participants were recruited, including 50% who were users of wearable devices and 50% non-users in the most recent 3 months. Primary outcomes revealed that wearable device users had significantly higher self-reported walking, moderate physical activity, and total physical activity, and significantly lower sedentary time than non-users. Wearable device users had significantly better sleep quality than non-users. Conclusion: Wearable devices inspire users’ motivation, engagement, and interest in physical activity through habit formation. Wearable devices are recommended to increase physical activity and decrease sedentary behavior for promoting good health.

Enrolling Caregivers in Obesity Interventions to Improve Obesity-Related Outcomes in Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110370
Author(s):  
Hannah Bessette ◽  
MinKyoung Song ◽  
Karen S. Lyons ◽  
Sydnee Stoyles ◽  
Christopher S. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Weight Loss Programs ◽  
Obesity Interventions

In this study, we assessed the influences of change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)/sedentary time (ST) of caregivers participating in a commercial weight-loss program on their children’s change in MVPA/ST. Data from 29 caregivers and their children were collected over 8 weeks. We used multivariable linear regression to assess associations of changes in caregiver’s percent of time spent in MVPA/ST and changes in their child’s percent of time spent in MVPA/ST. For caregivers that decreased body mass index (BMI) over 8 weeks, changes in caregivers’ MVPA was strongly associated with the change in children’s MVPA (β = 2.61 [95% CI: 0.45, 4.77]) compared to caregivers who maintained/increased BMI (β = 0.24 [–2.16, 2.64]). Changes in caregivers’ ST was strongly associated with changes in children’s ST (β = 2.42 [1.02, 3.81]) compared to caregivers who maintained/increased BMI (β = 0.35 [–0.45, 1.14]). Findings reinforce encouraging caregivers to enroll in weight-loss programs for the benefit of their children as well as for themselves.

scholarly journals Effects of physical activity on cognitive function among patients with diabetes in China: a nationally longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anying Bai ◽  
Liyuan Tao ◽  
Jia Huang ◽  
Jing Tao ◽  
Jue Liu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Lagged Dependent Variable

Abstract Background We aimed to examine the effect of physical activity on different cognitive domains among patients with diabetes. Methods We used two waves of data from the Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2013–2015), a nationally representative dataset of Chinese population aged over 45. Total physical activity scores were calculated based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Executive function and episodic memory were used as measures of cognitive function. We conducted lagged dependent variable models to explore the association between physical activity and cognitive function in full sample as well as two different age groups (45–65, ≥65). Results: 862 diabetic patients were included. We found that diabetic participants who had greater level of physical activity at baseline were associated with better episodic memory function in 2 years (p < 0.05). Moreover, physical activity was significantly associated with less decline in episodic memory in fully adjusted models, and the associations were stronger among patients aged 45–65 years (p < 0.05). No statistically significant association was found between physical activity and executive function in all age groups. Conclusions Physical activity may prevent some of the potential decline in episodic memory in diabetic patients. Clinicians and public health departments should strengthen the promotion of physical activity and develop early screening tools among diabetic participants to prevent the progression of cognitive impairment.

Bi-directional prospective associations between sedentary time, physical activity and adiposity in 10-year old Norwegian children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Turid Skrede ◽  
Eivind Aadland ◽  
Sigmund Alfred Anderssen ◽  
Geir Kåre Resaland ◽  
Ulf Ekelund
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Time
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