Telework and the transition to lower energy use in transport: On the relevance of rebound effects

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piet Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Lower Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Rebound Effects

Design Methodology and Numerical Analysis of a Cable Ferry

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean M. Steinke ◽  
Ryan S. Nicoll ◽  
Tony Thompson ◽  
Bruce Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Time Domain Analysis ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Model Scale ◽  
Reliable Design

Cable ferry systems offer many advantages including simplicity, low maintenance, low operations risk, and lower energy use when compared to freely maneuvering ferries. In this paper, a proposed ferry system on a long 2000m crossing is assessed using advanced time domain analysis with verification by model scale tests. The results are used to ensure a safe and reliable design with similar level of service to the incumbent ferry system on the existing route.

scholarly journals Cost-, Cumulative Energy- and Emergy Aspects of Conventional and Organic Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivation

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Anna Kuczuk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Emergy Analysis ◽  
Cumulative Energy ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Cost Of Production

<p>The differences in the investment, cost, energy efficiency of cultivation in organic and conventional systems are considerable. This paper reports the results of emergy analysis and comparison of cost and energy efficiency of the two systems based on the example of growing winter wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum </em>L.). The differences between the two systems include the total cost of production as well as various levels of economic efficiency of production in a conventional system. It was noted that the cost of conventional production is decided on by the large cost of production materials. These farms demonstrate considerably lower energy efficiency of production. In contrast, in organic farms we can observe lower yield levels associated with the more extensive production quality. However, in the considerations we needs to take into account how the two types of production affect the natural environment. For this reason, emergy analysis was taken up, as its results indicate lower energy use in ecological cultivation.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Indigenous Knowledge and Fuel Value Index of Some Selected Sudano-Sahelian Fuelwood Species in Damaturu, Yobe State of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
A. M. Dadile ◽  
O. A. Sotannde
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Environmental Restoration ◽  
Plantation Establishment ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Increasing Demand

Fuelwood utilization in the sudano- sahelian region requires massive felling of tree species which in turn resulted to deforestation and sand dunce couple with scarce vegetation in the region. Moreover, fuelwood is not only used for domestic and commercial purposes but for livelihood sustenance. This increases the demand and intensity for fuelwood through indiscriminate felling of trees species for energy use, with a trend that does not appear to have the possibility of meeting the increasing demand in the future.  The study aimed to evaluate the indigenous knowledge and fuel value index (FVI) of ten selected sudano-sahelian fuelwood species and the results revealed a significant relationship between the indigenous knowledge and Fuel value index (FVI) of the ten selected fuelwood species. Higher FVI of 13.56MJ/m3 % 2 was obtained in A. leiocarpus followed by 6.61 MJ/m3 % 2 and 6.53MJ/m3 % 2 obtained in B. aegyptiaca and C. arereh meanwhile, lower energy fuelwood ranged from  0.11MJ/m3% 2 obtained in C. lamprocarpum. to 0 85MJ/m3% 2,   in  S. birrea respectively. Meanwhile, A. leiocarpus, C. arereh, C. molle, and B. aegyptiaca were the most preferred and possessed good fuel quality. The indigenous knowledge might not be solely based on their fuel properties but availability and other possible reasons. Therefore, those fuelwood species identified with higher energy value can be incorporated in to fuelwood plantation establishment programs and those with lower energy value fuelwood should be allowed for environmental restoration and amelioration.

scholarly journals Study on Energy Input, Output and Energy Use Efficiency of Major Jute Based Cropping Pattern

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
MA Khan ◽  
SMA Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Lower Energy ◽  
Energy Input ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Main Product ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Rabi Crops ◽  
Input Ratio

An investigation was undertaken in Jute Research Regional Station, BJRI, Kishoreganj during the period of 2000 - 2001 to 2002 - 2003 to evaluate the energy input, energy output and output-input ratio of some selected jute based cropping pattern. the result showed that the highest energy input (42,928 MJ ha-1) was noted for Jute (oli.)- T. aman rice-Potato, which was closely followed by Jute (cap.)-T. aman rice-Potato cropping pattern (39.856 MJ ha-1). The lowest energy input (19,947 MJ ha-1) was found for Jute (cap.)-T. aman rice-Fallow pattern. The highest energy output from main product was recorded in Jute- T. aman rice-Potato cropping pattern while the lowest from Jute-Fallow-Wheat pattern. However, the highest total energy output was obtained from Jute-T. aman rice-Wheat (4,01,332-403851 MJ ha-1) which was followed by Jute-T. aman rice-Potato (3,66,729-3,73,949 MJ ha-1) and Jute-T. aman rice-Lentil (2,88,906-3,33,416 MJ ha-1), although the energy output from main product of potato containing cropping pattern was the highest. The energy output from by-product was more compared to main product for all the cropping patterns. Between two jute based cropping patterns, olitorius jute containing pattern required higher energy input than that of capsular is but energy output was higher in capsularis jute containing pattern. Output-input ratio of cropping pattern was maximum (14.5) in 2-crop pattern where rabi crops were absent. It indicated that rabi crops had lower energy output compared to other kharif crops. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(2), 195-202, 2007

scholarly journals The Rebound Effect of Energy Efficiency Policy in the Presence of Energy Theft

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3379
Author(s):  
Tugba Somuncu ◽  
Christopher Hannum
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Rebound Effect ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Efficiency Gains ◽  
Rebound Effects ◽  
Energy Efficiency Policy ◽  
Energy Theft

Introduction: Estimating the effectiveness of energy efficiency policy in reducing energy use requires a full understanding of the energy efficiency rebound effect, where energy use reductions differ from engineering expectations. Prior models that estimate the size of the total rebound effect ignore energy theft, which is a common feature in developing economies. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the role that energy theft plays in determination of the size of the rebound effect of energy efficiency policy in developing countries, using the Turkish economy and the specific Turkish regulation regarding compensation for energy theft as an example. Methods: We construct two energy-economy computable general equilibrium (CGE) models for Turkey that do and do not incorporate energy theft. Costs of energy theft are passed on to consumers through a recovery surcharge. Two energy efficiency policies are modeled; one leading to a 42% energy efficiency increment for the service sector and another leading to a 48% energy efficiency increment for households. Results: Without energy theft, rebound effects for both policies are small: between −1.4% and 3.1% for the service sector and between 0.4% and 2.1% for households. With energy theft, we see a −7.9% to −19.7% rebound for the service sector and a 10.4% to 40.7% rebound for households. The recovery surcharge on energy sales rises when energy efficiency gains affect the service sector but fall when they affect households. Conclusions: The interaction between energy efficiency and energy theft may be critical in accurate estimation of rebound effects where energy theft is prevalent. Where energy efficiency gains disproportionately reduce electricity sales rather than theft, the rising recovery surcharge leads to a negative rebound or super-conservation. However, where theft is disproportionately reduced rebound will be higher.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency: What Has Research Delivered in the Last 40 Years?

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry D. Saunders ◽  
Joyashree Roy ◽  
Inês M.L. Azevedo ◽  
Debalina Chakravarty ◽  
Shyamasree Dasgupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Rebound Effects ◽  
Societal Benefit ◽  
Economic Output

This article presents a critical assessment of 40 years of research that may be brought under the umbrella of energy efficiency, spanning different aggregations and domains—from individual producing and consuming agents to economy-wide effects to the role of innovation to the influence of policy. After 40 years of research, energy efficiency initiatives are generally perceived as highly effective. Innovation has contributed to lowering energy technology costs and increasing energy productivity. Energy efficiency programs in many cases have reduced energy use per unit of economic output and have been associated with net improvements in welfare, emission reductions, or both. Rebound effects at the macro level still warrant careful policy attention, as they may be nontrivial. Complexity of energy efficiency dynamics calls for further methodological and empirical advances, multidisciplinary approaches, and granular data at the service level for research in this field to be of greatest societal benefit. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Volume 46 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals Internet’s handprint

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-97
Author(s):  
Anders S.G. Andrae ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Power Saving ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Service Rate ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Rebound Effects ◽  
Sustainable Lifestyles ◽  
Material Usage ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Virtual Services

In this decade there will an unprecedented growth of generated data, computations, instructions, and operations. This growth may not compromise clean air, clean water and a sustainable energy and material usage, but rather facilitate these prerequisites for flora and fauna. There are many indications (expected trends and estimates) showing that the Internet Sector will be able to provide solutions to other Sectors such as Buildings, Transportation and Industry which will help reduce the total global consumption of energy and materials. For instance, products are replaced by virtual services e.g. by using e-readers instead of paperbacks, and transportation is avoided by online shopping or Internet meetings. This is more resource and energy efficient than before and entire sectors, like transport, industry, and agriculture can be optimized. Internet may foster new sustainable lifestyles which can lower the affluence despite certain rebound effects. The underlying idea is that e.g. human-related global greenhouse gas (GHG) supply can be significantly halted if existing and developing ICT Solutions are used in other sectors (and in the Internet infrastructure itself) to cause a handprint. Such solutions include products-sold-as-services, smart Grid and smart metering. Compared to earlier approaches, the 2020 transformative effects on smart work, land use and smart circularity are included in the discussion, as well as consequential LCA modelling. Internet’s handprint will be 4-7 times its footprint in 2030. The handprint is highly dependent e.g. on how large share of the buildings can adopt smart metering and the product to service rate. Internet will in itself use intelligent ICT solutions as well as neuromorphic, reversible and superconducting computing as well as nanophotonics to mitigate its own material and energy use. However, more importantly the intelligent ICT solutions should be used in the rest of the society to reach efficiency goals. Power saving is a highly efficient strategy for cost reduction in the Internet Sector itself and beyond.

Determination of the lattice translation across {110} APBs in GaAs

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
D.R. Rasmussen ◽  
N.-H. Cho ◽  
C.B. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Antiphase Boundary ◽  
The Other ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Interface Plane ◽  
Inversion Symmetry ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Equilibrium Distance

Domains in GaAs can exist which are related to one another by the inversion symmetry, i.e., the sites of gallium and arsenic in one domain are interchanged in the other domain. The boundary between these two different domains is known as an antiphase boundary [1], In the terminology used to describe grain boundaries, the grains on either side of this boundary can be regarded as being Σ=1-related. For the {110} interface plane, in particular, there are equal numbers of GaGa and As-As anti-site bonds across the interface. The equilibrium distance between two atoms of the same kind crossing the boundary is expected to be different from the length of normal GaAs bonds in the bulk. Therefore, the relative position of each grain on either side of an APB may be translated such that the boundary can have a lower energy situation. This translation does not affect the perfect Σ=1 coincidence site relationship. Such a lattice translation is expected for all high-angle grain boundaries as a way of relaxation of the boundary structure.

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