Crop drivers in the shift from synthetic inputs to alternative practices in diversified farming systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 126146
Author(s):  
Marie Dupré ◽  
Thierry Michels ◽  
Pierre-Yves Le Gal
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems ◽  
Alternative Practices

Micro and Macro-level Analysis of Crop Diversification: Evidence from an Agrarian State West Bengal

2020 ◽  
pp. 489-499
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Structure Questionnaire ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
The Status ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems

The farming system in West Bengal is being shifted by integration between the set of cash crops and the main food harvest process. This change in diversified farming systems, where smallholders have a production base in rice can complement production; affect technical efficiency and farm performance. The goal of this study was to investigate the status of crop diversification on smallholders in West Bengal. First, crop diversification regions were developed in West Bengal based on the Herfindahl index, which were categorized into three regions. Three sample districts were studied separately at the block level, and 915 small farmers from 41 sample villages of 9 sample blocks were interviewed through a good structure questionnaire for field studies from the sample districts. West Bengal was gradually moving towards multiple crop production. Furthermore, increasing rice production reduced the marginal use of inputs for the production of other crops. Farming and other vital factors such as HYVs area to GCA, average holding size and per capita income in some districts of West Bengal can be identified as determinants of crop diversification.

scholarly journals A global database of diversified farming effects on biodiversity and yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Jones ◽  
Andrea C. Sánchez ◽  
Stella D. Juventia ◽  
Natalia Estrada-Carmona
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Global Database ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems

AbstractWith the Convention on Biological Diversity conference (COP15), United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26), and United Nations Food Systems Summit, 2021 is a pivotal year for transitioning towards sustainable food systems. Diversified farming systems are key to more sustainable food production. Here we present a global dataset documenting outcomes of diversified farming practices for biodiversity and yields compiled following best standards for systematic review of primary studies and specifically designed for use in meta-analysis. The dataset includes 4076 comparisons of biodiversity outcomes and 1214 of yield in diversified farming systems compared to one of two reference systems. It contains evidence from 48 countries of effects on species from 33 taxonomic orders (spanning insects, plants, birds, mammals, eukaryotes, annelids, fungi, and bacteria) of diversified farming systems producing annual or perennial crops across 12 commodity groups. The dataset presented provides a resource for researchers and practitioners to easily access information on where diversified farming systems effectively contribute to biodiversity and food production outcomes.

scholarly journals Beyond Sustainability in Food Systems: Perspectives from Agroecology and Social Innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7524
Author(s):  
Livia Marchetti ◽  
Valentina Cattivelli ◽  
Claudia Cocozza ◽  
Fabio Salbitano ◽  
Marco Marchetti
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Production Models ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems ◽  
Family Based

Food security faces many multifaceted challenges, with effects ranging far beyond the sectors of agriculture and food science and involving all the multiscale components of sustainability. This paper puts forward our point of view about more sustainable and responsible approaches to food production research underlying the importance of knowledge and social innovation in agroecological practices. Increased demand for food worldwide and the diversification of food choices would suggest the adoption of highly productive, but low-resilient and unsustainable food production models. However, new perspectives are possible. These include the revitalization and valorization of family-based traditional agriculture and the promotion of diversified farming systems as a social and economic basis to foster social-ecological conversion. Additionally, they encompass the forecasting of the Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS) and the drafting of a new agenda for food sovereignty. Thanks to a desk analysis, the study describes and discusses these perspectives, their trajectories and action research implications. The results suggest the need to adopt a more inclusive and systemic approach to the described problems, as the solutions require the promotion of responsibility within decision makers, professionals and consumers. This appears essential for reading, analyzing and understanding the complex ecological-functional, social and economic relations that characterize farming systems, as well as mobilizing local communities.

Ecological-economic trade-offs of Diversified Farming Systems – A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 251-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Rosa-Schleich ◽  
Jacqueline Loos ◽  
Oliver Mußhoff ◽  
Teja Tscharntke
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Ecological Economic ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems

Comparison of alternative farming systems. III. Soil aggregate stability

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Jordahl ◽  
D.L. Karlen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Alternative Farming ◽  
Alternative Practices

AbstractQuantitative studies are needed to separate the real and supposed benefits of alternative farming practices. Our objective was to learn how conventional and alternative practices on adjacent farms in central Iowa affected the water stability of soil aggregates. We collected samples of Clarion loam (fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludoll) from adjacent 16 ha fields in fall 1990 and spring 1991. Aggregate stability was determined by wet-sieving and by measuring turbidity of soil-water suspensions. The combined effects of alternative practices resulted in greater water stability of soil aggregates, higher soil organic matter content, and lower bulk density compared with conventional practices. The components of the alternative system that were mainly responsible for these differences were: rotations that included oat and hay crops; ridge-tillage; and additions of 45 Mg/ha of a mixture of animal manure and municipal sludge during the first 3 years of each 5 year rotation. The more favorable soil physical conditions, shown by increased water stability of soil aggregates, presumably will improve soil water regimes and reduce long-term soil erosion losses from the alternatively managed fields.

scholarly journals The Social Dimensions of Sustainability and Change in Diversified Farming Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Bacon ◽  
Christy Getz ◽  
Sibella Kraus ◽  
Maywa Montenegro ◽  
Kaelin Holland
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems

Productivity of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) as an effect of diversified farming systems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Faligowska ◽  
Katarzyna Panasiewicz ◽  
Grazyna Szymañska ◽  
Jerzy Szukala ◽  
Wieslaw Koziara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
High Input ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems ◽  
Intensity Of Cultivation ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
Lupinus Albus L

A one–factor field experiment with white lupin cv. Butan was conducted in the years 2011–2015 in Gorzyñ (52°33’53 N, 15°53’42 E; Poland). The factor consisted of farming systems: low-input (LI), medium-input (MI) and high-input (conventional-CONV). The lowest weed density and biomass were found in CONV and the highest in LI. The weather conditions significantly influenced yielding. Each year the highest yield was found in CONV and significantly lowest in LI. On an average, the highest increase in the seed yield was obtained following increasing intensity of cultivation from LI to MI (20.3%). Farming systems did not influence the chemical composition of seeds. The highest protein yield was found in CONV (804 kg ha-1) and significantly lower – by about 6% in MI and about 19% in LI. The highest income and the lowest cost of production for 1 t of seeds and protein were recorded for LI.

scholarly journals Plants, Pathogens, and the Politics of Care: Xylella fastidiosa and the Intra-active Breakdown of Mallorca’s Almond Ecology

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Reisman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
The Political ◽  
Almond Tree ◽  
Agential Realism ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems

Almonds were once “the gold of Mallorca,” a source of modest wealth and a pillar of diversified farming systems for smallholders on the largest of Spain’s Balearic Islands. Now researchers believe nearly every rainfed almond tree on the island will be dead within as few as five years. The introduced bacteria Xylella fastidiosa, enabled by its spittle-bug vector, and emboldened by climate change, has flooded the xylem of these rainfed trees, impeding the flow of fluid and nutrients to the point where the tree can no longer survive. This article enrolls feminist theorizations of care and agential realism to broaden the political scope and stakes of a plant epidemic. I argue that by attending to the care relations underlying pathogenicity we can shift from narratives of landscape purification toward a more-than-human politics of care. Abstracto Una vez las almendras eran “el oro de Mallorca,” una fuente de riqueza modesta y un pilar de un sistema de agricultura diversificada para los payeses (campesinos) de la isla más grande del archipiélago balear de España. Actualmente los investigadores creen que casi todos los almendros de la isla pueden morir dentro de cinco años. Una bacteria introducida,Xylella fastidiosa, apoyada por su insecto vector, el salivazo, y animada por el cambio climático, ha inundado la xilema de los almendros de secano, impidiendo la circulación de fluidos y nutrientes hasta el punto de que el árbol no puede sobrevivir. Este artículo emplea teorizaciones feministas del cuidado y del realismo agencial para ampliar el alcance político de una epidemia de plantas. Argumento que teniendo en cuenta las relaciones de cuidado subyacentes de la patogenicidad, podemos pasar de los temas de purificación del paisaje a una política más-que-humano del cuidado.

scholarly journals Sustainable Agricultural Systems: A Bibliometrics Analysis of Ecological Modernization Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9635
Author(s):  
Lucia Rocchi ◽  
Antonio Boggia ◽  
Luisa Paolotti
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Ecological Modernization ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Systems

Agricultural systems need to be more sustainable. Nowadays, the global food production has a remarkable impact in terms of greenhouse gases production, terrestrial acidification, eutrophication and land consumption. Moreover, one of the effects of unsustainable agriculture is depletion of ecosystem services (ES) on which agricultural systems themselves are dependent. Alternative agricultural systems are possible: the aim of this review was to analyze one of these alternative systems, i.e., strong ecological modernization, to understand relevant topics and current state of the art connected with it. As a result that strong ecological modernization can be considered an ecosystem services-based farming system, we focused on the development of topics related to ecosystem services but also to diversification. The review has been conducted applying a bibliometrics approach to recognize the main papers, authors, organization and countries, as well as trend topics and main themes investigated. The results showed that basic research content involves agrobiodiversity, agroecology and diversified farming systems. At the same time, the review revealed a lack about the social and economic dimensions of sustainability that need to be addressed for promoting a true transition to a strong ecological modernization.

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