scholarly journals Career incentives of local leaders and crisis response: A case study of COVID-19 lockdowns in China

2022 ◽  
pp. 102180
Author(s):  
Qianmiao Chen ◽  
Qingyang Huang ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Peng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Response ◽  
Career Incentives ◽  
Local Leaders

Extending the Information-Processing View of Coordination in Public Sector Crisis Response

2012 ◽  
pp. 326-345
Author(s):  
Rafael A. Gonzalez ◽  
Alexander Verbraeck ◽  
Ajantha Dahanayake
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Emergent Coordination

Coordinating the response of multiple public agencies to a large-scale crisis is a challenge that has been studied predominantly according to the information-processing view. In this paper, the authors extend this view with the notion of emergence giving special attention to information and communication technology (ICT). The extended framework is applied in a case study of crisis response exercises in the public sector. The findings suggest that current practices concentrate on standards and hierarchy, but mutual adjustment and emergent coordination also occur and are susceptible to analysis and equally relevant to understand coordination practices. In addition, ICT can provide information processing capabilities needed for coordination but may also create information processing needs by increasing the volume of data and the interconnectedness of responders. Applying the extended framework improves the understanding of coordination and forms the basis for its future use in designing ICT to support coordination in crisis response and e-government.

Extending the Information-Processing View of Coordination in Public Sector Crisis Response

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael A. Gonzalez ◽  
Alexander Verbraeck ◽  
Ajantha Dahanayake
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Emergent Coordination

Coordinating the response of multiple public agencies to a large-scale crisis is a challenge that has been studied predominantly according to the information-processing view. In this paper, the authors extend this view with the notion of emergence giving special attention to information and communication technology (ICT). The extended framework is applied in a case study of crisis response exercises in the public sector. The findings suggest that current practices concentrate on standards and hierarchy, but mutual adjustment and emergent coordination also occur and are susceptible to analysis and equally relevant to understand coordination practices. In addition, ICT can provide information processing capabilities needed for coordination but may also create information processing needs by increasing the volume of data and the interconnectedness of responders. Applying the extended framework improves the understanding of coordination and forms the basis for its future use in designing ICT to support coordination in crisis response and e-government.

No Money, No Representation: A Case Study of Zeguo Town in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ye
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Fiscal Reform ◽  
Township Government ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Local Leaders

Authoritarian regimes rely on fiscal resources to build patronage networks. And so it is with China. Budget making is usually dominated by government leaders. However, some local governments in recent years have invited ordinary people to review budgets and even to determine parts of budgets. Why would local leaders make themselves accountable to their constituencies in an authoritarian setting? Why would local governments in China tie their own hands? Using detailed description of a township government, this article argues that fiscal affluence based on land is an important factor for local governments in launching fiscal reform. Richer areas have become more fiscally accountable by opening up new discussion and encouraging citizen participation.

scholarly journals What small NGOs can deliver: A case study of a Canadian community-based project making fabric scrub caps for healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 851-856
Author(s):  
Qiuyu Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Local Healthcare

This essay examines how a small-scale non-governmental organization mobilizes community members in Montreal, Canada, to respond to the city’s shortage of personal protective equipment during COVID-19 by making more than 1600 scrub caps for local healthcare workers. As the CAP-MTL project has progressed, organizers have constantly adjusted how they run the project in order to meet evolving needs through three major phases: (1) centralizing resource allocation, (2) building a self-sufficient production team and (3) pairing volunteers with healthcare workers. This case study highlights how in crisis response projects, organizers must be flexible and adapt to fluid and dynamic situations.

scholarly journals The use of Airpower on Humanitarian Operations: a case study in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-500
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Antônio Silveira Santos
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Data Coding ◽  
Humanitarian Operations

Goal: The main purpose of this research is to present the benefits reached with the use of airpower resources during humanitarian operations, in order to verify how the main airpower’s characteristics influenced the response stage of a natural disaster in Brazil. Design / Methodology / Approach: A qualitative case study was conducted to evaluate benefits reached with the use of airpower during humanitarian operations. Primary and secondary data were gathered from operational reports provided by the Brazilian Air Force, from media coverage about the flood and waterlogging events happened in November 2008, in Itajai Valley, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Interviews with three informants involved in crisis response were also conducted. Data analysis processes were conducted to search codes about airpower engagement during humanitarian operations. Data coding followed an inductive approach and the codes emerged from data. Results: The research concludes that the use of airpower can leverage crisis response capabilities during humanitarian operations, as airpower’s characteristics of speed, mobility, flexibility, penetration, range, and readiness meet the needs of humanitarian operations to respond to a natural disaster. The case study demonstrates an increase of operational capabilities after airpower engagement. Limitations of the investigation: Only one crisis situation was studied, because the access to operational data provided by the Brazilian Air Force is restricted. Besides, it was not possible to analyze values and budgetary costs derived from airpower engagement. Practical implications: The results of this research demonstrate that it is highly important to involve airpower during humanitarian operations, as it can leverage crisis response capabilities. In this way, humanitarian organizations can stablish new forms of relationship to national and local governments in order to quickly engage airpower resources on the response phase of natural disasters. Originality/Value: This research presents an original contribution to the field of humanitarian operations as it presents real data in terms of the engagement of airpower resources during humanitarian operations.

scholarly journals Networks of information token recurrences derived from genomic sequences may reveal hidden patterns in epidemic outbreaks: A case study of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Luczak-Roesch
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Information Cascades ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Hidden Patterns ◽  
Geographical Locations

Profiling the genetic evolution and dynamic spreading of viruses is a crucial task when responding to epidemic outbreaks. We aim to devise novel ways to model, visualise and analyse the temporal dynamics of epidemic outbreaks in order to help researchers and other people involved in crisis response to make well-informed and targeted decisions about from which geographical locations and time periods more genetic samples may be required to fully understand the outbreak. Our approach relies on the application of Transcendental Information Cascades to a set of temporally ordered nucleotide sequences and we apply it to real-world data that was collected during the currently ongoing outbreak of the novel 2019-nCoV coronavirus. We assess information-theoretic and network-theoretic measures that characterise the resulting complex network and suggest touching points and temporal pathways that are of interest for deeper investigation by geneticists and epidemiologists.

scholarly journals A Service Science Perspective on Resilience of Service Organisations

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Thang Le Dinh ◽  
Thanh Thoa Pham Thi ◽  
Nguyen Anh Khoa Dam ◽  
William Menvielle
Keyword(s):  
Service System ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Service Systems ◽  
Service Science ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Science And Politics ◽  
Levels Of Service

Nowadays, different types of unexpected turbulence and disruptions lead to challenges and changing conditions of the environment that organisations operate. The previous studies related to crisis response or service recovery have addressed many aspects of the governance of an organisation in reacting to crisis or failure situations, including innovation and bureaucracy, science and politics, and decision-making speed. However, there is still little attention on supporting service organisations to revise and adapt their business services in a coherent manner to overcome the challenges from disruptive events. In order to improve organisational resilience, this paper presents an approach based on the service science perspective for service organisations to adapt their services at the three levels of service science, including the network of service systems, service system, and service levels. The paper also presents a case study of using the proposed approach in cultural organisations and ends with a discussion and some conclusions.

Cyber-Interference in the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election: A Crisis Analysis Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Nussbaum ◽  
Brooke Turcotte
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Intelligence Operations ◽  
The World

The cyber-interference in the 2016 U.S. Presidential election is part of a growing set of case studies in both the world of election crisis management and cybercrisis management. The 2016 electoral cybercrisis, no matter whether it is possible to determine its effect on the election’s outcome, will likely go down as one of the most effective intelligence operations in modern history. As such, the crisis response to the event—its failures, successes, limitations, and shaping factors—will be studied widely moving forward, as it takes its place among the most important cases of both electoral crisis and cybercrisis management.

scholarly journals Responding to COVID-19: Lessons Learned from a Senior Living and Social Service Organization

Geriatrics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Margaret Danilovich ◽  
Christie Norrick ◽  
Rachel Lessem ◽  
Laura Milstein ◽  
Nikki Briggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Service ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Social Service Organizations ◽  
Work From Home

This case study analyzes one senior living and social service organization’s coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis response. We conducted interviews with n = 14 department managers to explore the organization’s pivot to remote work and service provision. We used the Pearson and Mitroff Crisis Management Framework to organize themes. A pre-existing culture of teamwork, willingness to adapt and adopt new approaches, and responsiveness to new policies and procedures facilitated the COVID-19 crisis response. However, low levels of digital literacy among staff, decreased job satisfaction due to no face-to-face interaction between care recipient and service provider, and lack of proactive policies for crisis response, which decreased the speed of enacting remote service provision, were obstacles in effective crisis response. Lessons learned from this case study highlight the need for pre-emptive policy creation on remote service provision and work from home policies, as well as training considerations for senior living and social service organizations.

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