The lignin pyrolysis composition and pyrolysis products of palm kernel shell, wheat straw, and pine sawdust

2016 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 587-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozhang Chang ◽  
Yanqin Huang ◽  
Jianjun Xie ◽  
Huikai Yang ◽  
Huacai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell

Fast Pyrolysis of Oil Palm Kernel Shell in a Fluidized Bed Reactor: The Effect of Biomass Size on the Yields of Pyrolysis Products

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 608-611
Author(s):  
Yoshimitsu Uemura ◽  
Ali Norizan ◽  
Hafizah Ahmad Afif ◽  
Norridah Osman ◽  
Wissam N. Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Benzene Toluene

This study investigates the effect of biomass size on the yields of char, liquid (organic compounds and water) and gas for fast pyrolysis of palm kernel shell (PKS). Fast pyrolysis was carried out in a fluidized bed reactor of 108 mm in internal diameter operated at 450 °C using three different sizes of palm kernel shell (0.325, 0.75 and 1.5 mm). In specific the effect of biomass size on the yields of known and unknown organics in bio-oil was mainly investigated. The major organics include acetic acid, phenol and furfural. The minor ones include 2-methylphenol, 4-methylphenol, 2-methylnaphthalene, benzene, toluene and tetrahydrofurane (THF). Smaller biomass sizes were favorable for higher bio-oil yields.

scholarly journals Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell to Chemicals by Using Bayah Natural Zeolites

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Endang Suhendi ◽  
Pipiet P.U. Naibaho ◽  
Eka R. Fauzan ◽  
Teguh Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Catalyst Activation ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Gas Products ◽  
Condensed Liquid

Palm kernel shell (PKS) is one of the biomass with high potential that can be converted into chemicals. In this study, palm kernel shell (PKS) was converted by pyrolysis method to produce condensed liquid products, gas, and solid. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of catalyst activation time on yields and characteristics of PKS waste pyrolysis products. The pyrolysis process was carried out at a temperature of 500oC. Based on the results obtained with the addition of catalysts at 7 hr of activation can reduce the yield of solid products by 1.5% wt and 9.01% wt of liquid and increase the yield of gas products by 10.51% wt. On the characteristics of solid product there is a decrease in volatile matter by 55.04% wt and an increase fixed carbon by 40.27% wt. The gas characteristics, the H2 and CO gas decreases by 5.43% v/v and 1.36% v/v and the increase in CH4 and CO2 gas by 1.07% v/v and 5.72% v/v. Characteristics of the liquid obtained an increase in the amount of acetic acid by 11.75% v/v and decrease phenol compounds by 13.08% v/v. The result liquid product can be applied as a chemical.

A COMPARISON STUDY OF WATER FILTERING MATERIALSMADE FROM EXTRACTED PALM FRUIT FIBREAND PALM KERNEL SHELL

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2657-2663
Author(s):  
Jamaliah Idris ◽  
Siti Fadira Osman ◽  
Eyu Gaius ◽  
Chukwuekezie Christian
Keyword(s):  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell

Selective fungal pretreatment favored pyrolysis products of wheat straw based on pyrolytic polygeneration system

2021 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 106749
Author(s):  
Jialong Zhang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Haoxiang Ni ◽  
Qipeng Shi ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Fungal Pretreatment ◽  
Polygeneration System

scholarly journals Facile Hydrothermal and Solvothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots from Palm Kernel Shell Precursor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1630
Author(s):  
Yakubu Newman Monday ◽  
Jaafar Abdullah ◽  
Nor Azah Yusof ◽  
Suraya Abdul Rashid ◽  
Rafidah Hanim Shueb
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Doped Carbon Dots ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon

Carbon dots (CDs), a nanomaterial synthesized from organic precursors rich in carbon content with excellent fluorescent property, are in high demand for many purposes, including sensing and biosensing applications. This research focused on preparing CDs from natural and abundant waste, palm kernel shells (PKS) obtained from palm oil biomass, aiming for sensing and biosensing applications. Ethylenediamine and L-phenylalanine doped CDs were produced via the hydrothermal and solvothermal methods using one-pot synthesis techniques in an autoclave batch reactor. The as-prepared N-CDs shows excellent photoluminescence (PL) property and a quantum yield (QY) of 13.7% for ethylenediamine (EDA) doped N-CDs (CDs-EDA) and 8.6% for L-phenylalanine (L-Ph) doped N-CDs (CDs-LPh) with an excitation/emission wavelength of 360 nm/450 nm. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show the N-CDs have an average particle size of 2 nm for both CDs. UV-Visible spectrophotometric results showed C=C and C=O transition. FTIR results show and confirm the presence of functional groups, such as -OH, -C=O, -NH2 on the N-CDs, and the X-ray diffraction pattern showed that the N-CDs were crystalline, depicted with sharp peaks. This research work demonstrated that palm kernel shell biomass often thrown away as waste can produce CDs with excellent physicochemical properties.

scholarly journals Simulation of Palm Kernel Shell Gasification for Small Scale Power Generation Using Aspen Plus Software

2021 ◽  
Vol 1051 (1) ◽  
pp. 012054
Author(s):  
N A Najwa Annuar ◽  
N Kamarulzaman ◽  
Z F M Shadzalli ◽  
I H I Abdullah ◽  
P Y Liew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell

Carbon Doped Iron Ore Using Palm Kernel Shell

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusila Zamani Abd Rashid ◽  
Hadi Purwanto ◽  
Hamzah Mohd Salleh ◽  
Mohd Hanafi Ani ◽  
Nurul Azhani Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Iron Ores ◽  
Solid Carbon ◽  
Green Composite ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell

This paper pertains to the reduction process of local low grade iron ore using palm kernel shell (PKS). It is well known that low grade iron ores contain high amount of gangue minerals and combined water. Biomass waste (aka agro-residues) from the palm oil industry is an attractive alternative fuel to replace coal as the source of energy in mineral processing, including for the treatment and processing of low grade iron ores. Both iron ore and PKS were mixed with minute addition of distilled water and then fabricated with average spherical diameter of 10-12mm. The green composite pellets were subjected to reduction test using an electric tube furnace. The rate of reduction increased as temperature increases up to 900 °C. The Fe content in the original ore increased almost 12% when 40 mass% of PKS was used. The reduction of 60:40 mass ratios of iron ore to PKS composite pellet produced almost 11.97 mass% of solid carbon which was dispersed uniformly on the surface of iron oxide. The aim of this work is to study carbon deposition of PKS in iron ore through reduction process. Utilization of carbon deposited in low grade iron ore is an interesting method for iron making process as this solid carbon can act as energy source in the reduction process.

scholarly journals Synthesis of bifunctional nanocatalyst from waste palm kernel shell and its application for biodiesel production

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 27183-27193
Author(s):  
Rose Fadzilah Abdullah ◽  
Umer Rashid ◽  
Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap ◽  
Mohd Lokman Ibrahim ◽  
Chawalit Ngamcharussrivichai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
One Step

The potential of bifunctional nanocatalysts obtained from waste palm kernel shell (PKS) was investigated for one-step transesterification–esterification under mild conditions.

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