Thermo-hydraulic coupled simulation and analysis of a real large-scale complex district heating network in Tianjin

This paper proposes a mathematical model to simulate Day-ahead markets of large-scale multi-energy systems with high share of renewable energy. Furthermore, it analyses the importance of including unit commitment when performing such analysis. The results of the case study, which is performed for the North Sea region, show the influence of massive renewable penetration in the energy sector and increasing electrification of the district heating sector towards 2050, and how this impacts the role of other energy sources such as thermal and hydro. The penetration of wind and solar is likely to challenge the need for balancing in the system as well as the profitability of thermal units. The degree of influence of the unit commitment approach is found to be dependent on the configuration of the energy system. Overall, including unit commitment constraints with integer variables leads to more realistic behaviour of the units, at the cost of increasing considerably the computational time. Relaxing integer variables reduces significantly the computational time, without highly compromising the accuracy of the results. The proposed model, together with the insights from the study case, can be specially useful for system operators for optimal operational planning.

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Evaluating the Potential Contribution of District Heating to the Flexibility of the Future Italian Power System

Energies ◽

10.3390/en15020584 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 584

Author(s):

Chiara Magni ◽

Sylvain Quoilin ◽

Alessia Arteconi

Keyword(s):

Power Systems ◽

Power System ◽

Large Scale ◽

District Heating ◽

Energy System ◽

Heat Pumps ◽

Electricity Sector ◽

Potential Contribution ◽

The Future ◽

Promising Solution

Flexibility is crucial to enable the penetration of high shares of renewables in the power system while ensuring the security and affordability of the electricity dispatch. In this regard, heat–electricity sector coupling technologies are considered a promising solution for the integration of flexible devices such as thermal storage units and heat pumps. The deployment of these devices would also enable the decarbonization of the heating sector, responsible for around half of the energy consumption in the EU, of which 75% is currently supplied by fossil fuels. This paper investigates in which measure the diffusion of district heating (DH) coupled with thermal energy storage (TES) units can contribute to the overall system flexibility and to the provision of operating reserves for energy systems with high renewable penetration. The deployment of two different DH supply technologies, namely combined heat and power units (CHP) and large-scale heat pumps (P2HT), is modeled and compared in terms of performance. The case study analyzed is the future Italian energy system, which is simulated through the unit commitment and optimal dispatch model Dispa-SET. Results show that DH coupled with heat pumps and CHP units could enable both costs and emissions related to the heat–electricity sector to be reduced by up to 50%. DH systems also proved to be a promising solution to grant the flexibility and resilience of power systems with high shares of renewables by significantly reducing the curtailment of renewables and cost-optimally providing up to 15% of the total upward reserve requirements.

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Operation Regulation of Combined District Heating Systems with Multiple Large-Scale Peak-Shaving Heat Sources

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering - Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-39581-9_16 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 165-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Haichao Wang ◽

Wenling Jiao ◽

Chengzhao Jiang ◽

Risto Lahdelma ◽

Pinghua Zou

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

District Heating ◽

Heat Sources ◽

Peak Shaving ◽

Heating Systems ◽

District Heating Systems

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Is It Possible to Obtain More Energy from Solar DH Field? Interpretation of Solar DH System Data

Environmental and Climate Technologies ◽

10.2478/rtuect-2021-0097 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 1284-1292

Author(s):

Roberts Kaķis ◽

Ilze Poļikarpova ◽

Ieva Pakere ◽

Dagnija Blumberga

Keyword(s):

Air Temperature ◽

Solar Collector ◽

Large Scale ◽

District Heating ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Energy Sector ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Water Tank ◽

System Productivity ◽

Ambient Air Temperature

Abstract Europe has a course to zero emissions by 2050, with a strong emphasis on energy sector. Due to climatic conditions in Latvia, district heating (DH) plays an important role in the energy sector. One of the solutions to achieve the set goals in DH is to introduce emission-free technology. Therefore, the popularity of installation of large-scale solar collector plants continues to increase in DH in Europe. The first large-scale solar collector field in the Baltic States was installed in 2019. Solar collector active area is 21 672 m2 with heat storage water tank 8000 m3. The article shows the first operation results of this system and evaluates influencing factors. The results of the analysis show that system productivity is mainly demanded by solar radiation, and the strongest correlation between these parameters were established in May. The highest correlation between ambient air temperature and produced thermal energy is reached when ambient air temperature is between 7 °C to 15 °C and production process has not been externally regulated. The temperature difference between flow and return temperatures of the heat carrier affect solar collector performance minimally and strong correlation was not observed.

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Methodology for the Improvement of Large District Heating Networks

Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University Environmental and Climate Technologies ◽

10.2478/v10145-012-0009-7 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 39-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anna Volkova ◽

Vladislav Mashatin ◽

Aleksander Hlebnikov ◽

Andres Siirde

Keyword(s):

Heat Generation ◽

Large Scale ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

District Heating ◽

Heating System ◽

District Heating System ◽

Effective Operation ◽

The Cost ◽

Heating Networks

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to offer a methodology for the evaluation of large district heating networks. The methodology includes an analysis of heat generation and distribution based on the models created in the TERMIS and EnergyPro software Data from the large-scale Tallinn district heating system was used for the approbation of the proposed methodology as a basis of the case study. The effective operation of the district heating system, both at the stage of heat generation and heat distribution, can reduce the cost of heat supplied to the consumers. It can become an important factor for increasing the number of district heating consumers and demand for the heat load, which in turn will allow installing new cogeneration plants, using renewable energy sources and heat pump technologies

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Biomass and Coal Co-Combustion in Utility Scale: Operating Experience of Alholmens Kraft

18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽

10.1115/fbc2005-78035 ◽

2005 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ari Kokko ◽

Marko Nylund

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Energy Content ◽

Operating Experience ◽

District Heating ◽

Fuel Mixture ◽

High Moisture ◽

Auxiliary Equipment ◽

Wood Residue ◽

Cfb Boiler ◽

Fuel Components

CFB technology has been scaled-up and demonstrated in the size range of around 250 MWe. One of the biggest advantages of CFB is it’s capability to burn different kind of fuels either at the same time or separately. The utilization of biomass alone or in co-combustion with coal has been demonstrated in this size scale in Alholmens Kraft CFB for three years now. Alholmens Kraft produces electricity for owners in Finland and in Sweden and also supplies process steam to the nearby UPM-Kymmene paper mill, and for district heating in town of Pietarsaari, Finland. The CFB boiler capacity is maximum 240 MWe. The Alholmens Kraft CFB boiler is a multi-fuel boiler, whose main fuels are bark, wood residue and peat, with coal as a support and back-up fuel. Bark and wood residue are low calorific, high moisture fuels with varying energy content and having also very heterogeneous physical properties. Peat is also low calorific fuel with high moisture content but with much more stable quality. Fuel consumption utilizing these fuel components is about 20 000 m3/d (700 000 ft3/d), which sets huge challenges to the whole logistic chain of fuel procurement. The maximization of CO2 neutral fuels is favoured, but some higher heating value and always available fuel, coal, is needed to ensure the high plant availability. Fuel mixture is variating all the time and it is optimized to fulfil operational, environmental and economical requirements. This paper describes the experience of using several fuel components in different operational situations during first three years of operation. The paper introduces also experiences of auxiliary system needed for reliable operation in co-combustion. The paper will also introduce the experience of the boiler controllability — changing load or fuel mixture — with this heterogeneous fuel combination. The co-combustion of biomass and coal is a real opportunity also in a large scale when including certain additional features in boiler and auxiliary equipment design. Interest towards co-combustion seems to be continuous-design considerations of a new boiler project of the same size is introduced in this paper.

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Large-Scale Pumped Thermal Electricity Storages—Converting Energy Using Shallow Lined Rock Caverns, Carbon Dioxide and Underground Pumped-Hydro

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9194150 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (19) ◽

pp. 4150 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pascal Lalanne ◽

Paul Byrne

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Low Cost ◽

District Heating ◽

Energy Transition ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Long Duration ◽

Low Emission ◽

Rock Cavern ◽

Lined Rock Cavern ◽

Thermal Stores

A fast-paced energy transition needs a higher penetration of renewables, of heating and cooling in the worldwide energy mix. With three novelties 1-of using shallow high-pressure LRC (Lined Rock Cavern) excavated close to storage needs, 2-of using a slow-moving CO2 piston applying steady pressure on the hydro part of UPHES (Underground Pumped Hydro Energy Storage) and 3-of relying on inexpensive thermal stores for long-duration storage, CO2 UPHES coupled with PTES (Pumped Thermal Electricity Storage) could become, at expected Capex cost of only 20 USD/kWh electrical, a game-changer by allowing the complete integration of intermittent renewable sources. Moreover, even though this early conceptual work requires validation by simulation and experimentation, CO2 UPHES as well as UPHES-PTES hybrid storage could also allow a low-cost and low-emission integration of intermittent renewables with future district heating and cooling networks.

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