Analysis of risk factors in the post-disaster of diarrhea in Donggala district, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
Rosa Dwi Wahyuni ◽  
Diah Mutiarasari ◽  
Miranti ◽  
Indah Puspasari Kyai Demak ◽  
Syahrir A. Pasinringi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Post Disaster

scholarly journals Risk Factors and Perceived Restoration in a Town Destroyed by the 2010 Chile Tsunami

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Martínez ◽  
Octavio Rojas ◽  
Paula Villagra ◽  
Rafael Aránguiz ◽  
Katia Sáez-Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Restorative Environments ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Maule Earthquake ◽  
The 2010 Chile Tsunami ◽  
Chile Tsunami ◽  
Post Disaster

Abstract. A large earthquake and tsunami took place in February 2010, affecting a significant part of the Chilean coast (Maule earthquake (Mw = 8.8). Dichato (37° S), a small town located on Coliumo Bay, was one of the most devastated coastal places and is currently under reconstruction. Therefore, the risk factors which explain the disaster at that time as well as perceived restoration 6 years after the event were analyzed in the present paper. Numerical modeling of the 2010 Chile tsunami with four nested grids was applied to estimate the hazard. Physical, socio-economic and educational dimensions of vulnerability were analyzed for pre- and post-disaster conditions. A perceived restoration study was performed to assess the effects of reconstruction on the community and a principal component analysis was applied for post-disaster conditions. The vulnerability factors that best explained the extent of the disaster were housing conditions, low household incomes and limited knowledge about tsunami events, which conditioned inadequate reactions to the emergency. These factors still constitute the same risks as a result of the reconstruction process, establishing that the occurrence of a similar event would result in a similar degree of disaster. For post-earthquake conditions, it was determined that all neighborhoods have the potential to be restorative environments soon after a tsunami. However, some neighborhoods are still located in areas devastated by the 2010 tsunami and present a high vulnerability to future tsunamis. Therefore, it may be stated that these areas will probably be destroyed again in case of future events.

scholarly journals Traits and risk factors of post-disaster infectious disease outbreaks: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina E. C. Charnley ◽  
Ilan Kelman ◽  
Katy A. M. Gaythorpe ◽  
Kris A. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Water Borne

AbstractInfectious disease outbreaks are increasingly recognised as events that exacerbate impacts or prolong recovery following disasters. Yet, our understanding of the frequency, geography, characteristics and risk factors of post-disaster disease outbreaks globally is lacking. This limits the extent to which disease outbreak risks can be prepared for, monitored and responded to following disasters. Here, we conducted a global systematic review of post-disaster outbreaks and found that outbreaks linked to conflicts and hydrological events were most frequently reported, and most often caused by bacterial and water-borne agents. Lack of adequate WASH facilities and poor housing were commonly reported risk factors. Displacement, through infrastructure damage, can lead to risk cascades for disease outbreaks; however, displacement can also be an opportunity to remove people from danger and ultimately protect health. The results shed new light on post-disaster disease outbreaks and their risks. Understanding these risk factors and cascades, could help improve future region-specific disaster risk reduction.

scholarly journals Understanding the risks for post-disaster infectious disease outbreaks: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e039608
Author(s):  
Gina E C Charnley ◽  
Ilan Kelman ◽  
Katy Gaythorpe ◽  
Kris Murray
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Post Disaster

IntroductionDisasters have many forms, including those related to natural hazards and armed conflict. Human-induced global change, such as climate change, may alter hazard parameters of these disasters. These alterations can have serious consequences for vulnerable populations, which often experience post-disaster infectious disease outbreaks, leading to morbidity and mortality. The risks and drivers for these outbreaks and their ability to form cascades are somewhat contested. Despite evidence for post-disaster outbreaks, reviews quantifying them have been on short time scales, specific geographic areas or specific hazards. This review aims to fill this gap and gain a greater understanding of the risk factors involved in these contextual outbreaks on a global level.Methods and analysisUsing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2015 checklist and Khan’s methodological framework, a systematic search strategy will be created and carried out in August 2020. The strategy will search MEDLINE, Embase and GlobalHealth electronic databases and reference lists of selected literature will also be screened. Eligible studies will include any retrospective cross-sectional, case–control or cohort studies investigating an infectious disease outbreak in a local disaster affected population. Studies will not be excluded based on geographic area or publication date. Excluded papers will include non-English studies, reviews, single case studies and research discussing general risk factors, international refugee camps, public health, mental health and other non-communicable diseases, pathogen genetics or economics. Following selection, data will be extracted into a data charting form, that will be reviewed by other members of the team. The data will then be analysed both numerically and narratively.Ethics and disseminationOnly secondary data will be used and there will be no public or patient involvement; therefore, no ethical approval is needed. Our findings will aim to be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal. The authors intend to use the results to inform future mathematical modelling studies.

scholarly journals Sleep Problems and Posttraumatic Stress: Children Exposed to a Natural Disaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1016-1026
Author(s):  
Betty S Lai ◽  
Annette M La Greca ◽  
Courtney A Colgan ◽  
Whitney Herge ◽  
Sherilynn Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Children’S Sleep ◽  
Post Disaster

Abstract Objective Sleep plays a critical role in children’s growth and development. This study examined the frequency and persistence of children’s sleep problems following a natural disaster, risk factors for children’s sleep problems, and the bidirectional relationship between children’s sleep problems and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) over time. Methods This study assessed 269 children (53% female, M = 8.70 years, SD = 0.95) exposed to Hurricane Ike at 8 months (Time 1) and 15 months (Time 2) post-disaster. Children completed measures of hurricane exposure and related stressors, stressful life events, sleep problems, and PTSS. Results Children’s sleep problems were significantly correlated from Time 1 to Time 2 (r = .28, p < .001). Risk factors for sleep problems at Time 2 were younger age, sleep problems at Time 1, and PTSS, not including sleep items, at Time 1. Examinations of the bidirectional relationship between sleep problems and PTSS indicated that PTSS significantly predicted later sleep problems, but sleep problems did not significantly predict later PTSS. Conclusions Findings demonstrate that PTSS may contribute to the development and course of children’s sleep problems post-disaster.

scholarly journals Health Impact and Risk Factors Affecting South and Southeast Asian Women Following Natural Disasters: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11068
Author(s):  
Syadani Riyad Fatema ◽  
Leah East ◽  
Md Shahidul Islam ◽  
Kim Usher
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
Post Disaster

(1) Background: Following natural disasters, women have a higher prevalence of adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Given that the South and Southeast Asia regions are highly disaster prone, a review was undertaken to identify the potential health impact and key risk factors affecting women after disasters in the countries located in South and Southeast Asia regions. (2) Methods: A systematic literature search of four databases yielded 16 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidance, between July 2008 and March 2021. (3) Results: The majority of studies reported women’s negative/poor mental health, identifying a significant association of socio-demographics, during disaster exposure, post-disaster, and pre-existing risk factors. The six most-cited influences on women’s mental health found in the reviewed literature were being female, adult age group, having no formal education, poverty or low economic status, poor physical health/physical injuries, and death of family members. Women’s health during the post-disaster period was generally reported as poor among all the countries of the South and Southeast Asia regions. (4) Conclusion: Appropriate social support and the availability of free healthcare access for women are warranted in disaster-affected areas. This review offers a valuable contribution to the knowledge of women’s health complications/challenges and associated risk factors related to disasters, essential for the development of strategies to help reduce this burden in the future. Further research is required on natural disasters to identify ways to reduce women’s health impacts after natural disasters, especially in the context of low-income and lower-middle-income countries.

scholarly journals Risk factors for psychological and physical health problems after a man-made disaster

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja J. E. Dirkzwager ◽  
Linda Grievink ◽  
Peter G. van der Velden ◽  
C. Joris Yzermans
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Disaster Data ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Post Disaster

BackgroundThere are few prospective studies on risk factors for health problems after disasters in which actual pre-disaster health data are available.AimsTo examine whether survivors' personal characteristics, and pre-disaster psychological problems, and disaster-related variables, are related to their post-disaster health.MethodTwo studies were combined: a longitudinal survey using the electronic medical records of survivors' general practitioners (GPs), from 1 year before to 1 year after the disaster, and a survey in which questionnaires were filled in by survivors, 3 weeks and 18 months after the disaster. Data from both surveys and the electronic medical records were available for 994 survivors.ResultsAfter adjustment for demographic and disaster-related variables, pre-existing psychological problems were significantly associated with post-disaster self-reported health problems and post-disaster problems presented to the GP. This association was found for both psychological and physical post-disaster problems.ConclusionsIn trying to prevent long-term health consequences after disaster, early attention to survivors with pre-existing psychological problems, and to those survivors who are forced to relocate or are exposed to many stressors during the disaster, appears appropriate.

Elevated level of circulatory sTLT1 induces inflammation through SYK/MEK/ERK signalling in coronary artery disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (22) ◽  
pp. 2283-2299
Author(s):  
Apabrita Ayan Das ◽  
Devasmita Chakravarty ◽  
Debmalya Bhunia ◽  
Surajit Ghosh ◽  
Prakash C. Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract The role of inflammation in all phases of atherosclerotic process is well established and soluble TREM-like transcript 1 (sTLT1) is reported to be associated with chronic inflammation. Yet, no information is available about the involvement of sTLT1 in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Present study was undertaken to determine the pathophysiological significance of sTLT1 in atherosclerosis by employing an observational study on human subjects (n=117) followed by experiments in human macrophages and atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (apoE)−/− mice. Plasma level of sTLT1 was found to be significantly (P<0.05) higher in clinical (2342 ± 184 pg/ml) and subclinical cases (1773 ± 118 pg/ml) than healthy controls (461 ± 57 pg/ml). Moreover, statistical analyses further indicated that sTLT1 was not only associated with common risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in both clinical and subclinical groups but also strongly correlated with disease severity. Ex vivo studies on macrophages showed that sTLT1 interacts with Fcɣ receptor I (FcɣRI) to activate spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK)-mediated downstream MAP kinase signalling cascade to activate nuclear factor-κ B (NF-kB). Activation of NF-kB induces secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from macrophage cells that plays pivotal role in governing the persistence of chronic inflammation. Atherosclerotic apoE−/− mice also showed high levels of sTLT1 and TNF-α in nearly occluded aortic stage indicating the contribution of sTLT1 in inflammation. Our results clearly demonstrate that sTLT1 is clinically related to the risk factors of CAD. We also showed that binding of sTLT1 with macrophage membrane receptor, FcɣR1 initiates inflammatory signals in macrophages suggesting its critical role in thrombus development and atherosclerosis.

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