A Comparison of Incentive Policies for the Optimal Layout of CCUS Clusters in China’s Coal-Fired Power Plants Toward Carbon Neutrality

The process of reaching carbon neutrality by 2050 and cutting CO2 emissions by 2030 by 55% compared to 1990 as per the EU Green Deal is highly complex. The energy mix must be changed to ensure long-term environmental sustainability, mainly by closing down coal sites, while preserving the energy-intensive short-term economic growth, ensuring social equity, and opening opportunities for regions diminishing in population and potential. Romania is currently in the position of deciding the optimal way forward in this challenging societal shift while morphing to evidence-based policy-making and anticipatory governance, mainly in its two coal-mining regions. This article provides possible future scenarios for tackling this complex issue in Romania through a three-pronged, staggered, methodology: (1) clustering Romania with other similar countries from the point of view of the Just Transition efforts (i.e., the energy mix and the socio-economic parameters), (2) analyzing Romania’s potential evolution of the energy mix from the point of the thermal efficiency of two major power plants (CEH and CEO) and the systemic energy losses, and (3) providing insights on the socio-economic context (economic development and labor market transformations, including the component on the effects on vulnerable consumers) of the central coal regions in Romania.

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Comprehensive approach to the strategy of low-carbon socio-economic development of Russia

Georesursy ◽

10.18599/grs.2021.3.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 3-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. Porfiriev ◽

A. Shirov ◽

A. Kolpakov

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Economic Development ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Power Plants ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Low Level ◽

Carbon Neutrality ◽

Socio Economic Development

The article discusses the key risks of implementing a strategy for long-term socio-economic development of Russia with a low level of greenhouse gas emissions. In recent years, the climate agenda has been the most important driver of structural shifts in the world economy and is viewed by leading countries as a factor in intensifying economic growth and consolidating their technological leadership at the global level. In this context, Russia’s efforts to reduce its carbon footprint without direct import of low-carbon technologies and equipment from developed countries will run into non-recognition (of the carbon sink by Russian forests and carbon-free nature of nuclear and large hydro power plants) and increase in requirements for even more radical reduction in emissions. At the same time, Russia is already making a significant contribution to achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement. The article provides a list of measures that should underlie a balanced national climate policy. The strategy for the socio-economic development of Russia with a low level of greenhouse gas emissions should provide for a balance between solving the problems of preserving the population, improving the quality of its life, and ensuring dynamic and inclusive economic growth in the country. Russia’s potential announcement of commitments to unequivocally achieve carbon neutrality by mid-century carries serious risks to national interests. Instead, a more flexible language should be used to strive for carbon neutrality.

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Environmental Management Zoning of Coal-Fired Power Plants in China in the Context of Carbon Neutrality

10.20944/preprints202111.0068.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wen Qiu ◽

Mingxuan Zhao ◽

Lianhong Lv ◽

Hong Luo

Keyword(s):

Environmental Management ◽

Power Plants ◽

Thermal Power ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Human Society ◽

Environmental Capacity ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Carbon Neutrality ◽

Control Units ◽

And Control

The total amount of greenhouse gas emissions directly or indirectly generated by thermal power enterprises at any given time can be offset through afforestation, energy conservation and emission reduction. The present situation and control methods of CO2 emission in China's coal-fired thermal power industry are introduced. The complex ecosystem is a unity of ecological functions composed of human society, economic activities and natural conditions. In the context of carbon neutrality and based on the theory of composite ecosystem, this paper divides the coal-fired thermal power plants in China into environmental management zones, calculates the atmospheric environmental capacity, and puts forward the concept of regional atmospheric environmental capacity, classification and zoning control. Finally, the management and control units are classified, and differentiated management and control requirements are put forward to provide a reference for regional air quality standard planning.

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Panas Bumi Harta Karun Yang Terpendam Menuju Ketahanan Energi

Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional ◽

10.22146/jkn.26944 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 93

Author(s):

Regina Tety Marry

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Policy ◽

House Of Representatives ◽

Energy Security ◽

Geothermal Energy ◽

Power Plants ◽

Mineral Resources ◽

Vice President ◽

Multiple Stakeholders ◽

Incentive Policies

ABSTRACTIndonesia has geothermal potential is so great, which is a buried treasure and needs to be managed to achieve the target of energy security in the future. Therefore, the research was conducted in order to study why the potential is so great so far only managed about 4% from 40% in the world. National Energy Policy which has declared that in 2025 Indonesia adds energy mix originating from Renewable Energy by 23% and the role of Geothermal at 9%, is yet to show its full geothermal in Indonesia, while the Energy Policy in 2050 Indonesia declared already in Energy Security conditions. This research was conducted with the observation in location of Mount Salak geothermal power plants and geothermal policy examined in the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, PT PLN Tbk and Pertamina Geothermal Energy also PT Star Energy, interviews were conducted with Vice President of Indonesia, vice chairman of the Commission VII of the House of Representatives and 9 expert geothermal, 1 player employers geothermal, as well as the head of the area and multiple stakeholders at national and regional. Teh result could be categorized into key themes in relation to geothermal legislation, royalties, research and incentive policies fiscal and non-fiscal. This research resulted in several conclusions and recommendations to stakeholders in order to carry out a policy in the development of geothermal energy, so that Indonesia can achieve Energy Security. as well as the head of the area and multiple stakeholders at national and regional.ABSTRAKIndonesia memiliki potensi panas bumi yang begitu besar, yang merupakan harta karun yang terpendam dan perlu dikelola untuk mencapai target ketahanan energi di masa datang. Oleh karena itu penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan meneliti mengapa potensi yang begitu besar sampai saat ini hanya dikelola sekitar 4 % dari 40% yang ada di dunia. Kebijakan Energi Nasional yang telah mencanangkan bahwa tahun 2025 Indonesia menambah bauran energi yang berasal dari Renewable Energy sebesar 23% dan peran Panas Bumi sebesar 9%, ini belum menunjukkan maksimalnya pengusahaan panas bumi di Indonesia, sedangkan dalam Kebijakan Energi pada tahun 2050 Indonesia menyatakan sudah dalam kondisi Ketahanan Energi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengamatan di 1 bh lokasi PLTP yaitu PLTP Gunung Salak dan meneliti kebijakan panas bumi di kementrian ESDM , PT PLN dan Pertamina Geothermal Energy serta PT Star Energy, wawancara dilakukan dengan Wakil presiden RI , wakil ketua Komisi VII DPR RI dan 9 orang ahli panas bumi, 1 orang pemain pengusaha panas bumi, serta kepala daerah dan beberapa pemangku kepentingan di pusat dan daerah. Hasinyal dikategorikan ke dalam tema kunci dalam kaitannya dengan undang-undang panas bumi, royalti, penelitian dan kebijakan insentif fiskal dan non-fiskal. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa kesimpulan dan rekomendasi kepada stake holders agar melakukan sebuah kebijakan dalam pengembangan panas bumi, sehingga Indonesia dapat mencapai Ketahanan Energi.

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China’s 2060 goal could change climate outlook

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db256968 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Electric Vehicles ◽

Power Plants ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Policy Decisions ◽

Content Type ◽

Carbon Neutrality ◽

Change Climate ◽

Carbon Neutral

Significance Beijing already targeted peak emissions in 2030, but had not previously set a deadline for going carbon-neutral. Xi’s announcement, following policy decisions that encouraged more coal-fired power plants, seems to have caught Chinese bureaucrats by surprise. Impacts The carbon neutrality target makes it more likely that China will adopt ambitious green policies in its next Five-Year Plan (2021-25). China’s ministries, industry bodies, provinces and cities will have to create new economic plans consistent with the 2060 goal. Renewable energy, electric vehicles, recycling and related industries will receive a boost. Coal, steel and energy-intensive and polluting industries will see a downturn. Demand for iron ore and coal will fall; demand will rise for minerals needed in electrification and renewables, such as copper and lithium.

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Biomass Availability in Europe as an Alternative Fuel for Full Conversion of Lignite Power Plants: A Critical Review

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13133390 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 3390 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vasiliki Tzelepi ◽

Myrto Zeneli ◽

Dimitrios-Sotirios Kourkoumpas ◽

Emmanouil Karampinis ◽

Antonios Gypakis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Power Plants ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Carbon Neutrality ◽

Long Time ◽

Biomass Availability ◽

Phase Out ◽

Full Conversion ◽

The Eu

Biomass has been demonstrated as a capable source of energy to fulfill the increasing demand for clean energy sources which could last a long time. Replacing fossil fuels with biomass-based ones can potentially lead to a reduction of carbon emissions, which is the main target of the EU climate strategy. Based on RED II (revised Renewable Energy Directive 2018/2001/EU) and the European Green Deal, biomass is a promising energy source for achieving carbon neutrality in the future. However, the sustainable potential of biomass resources in the forthcoming decades is still a matter of question. This review aims at estimating the availability of biomass for energy reasons in the EU, and to evaluate its potential to meet the coal power plant capacity of the main lignite-producer countries, including Germany, Poland and Greece. Plants in line with the sustainability criteria of RED II have been selected for the preliminary estimations concerning their full conversion to the biomass power concept. Furthermore, the various barriers to biomass utilization are highlighted, such as the stranded asset risk of a future coal phase-out scenario, biomass supply chain challenges, biomass availability in main lignite-producer EU countries, the existing full conversion technologies, and biomass cost. A variety of challenges in the scenario of lignite substitution with biomass in a plant are investigated in a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis. Technological risks and issues should be tackled in order to achieve the coal phase-out EU goal, mainly with regard to the supply chain of biomass. In this direction, the development of logistics centers for the centralized handling of biomass is strongly recommended.

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An Evolutionary Computational Approach for Designing Micro Hydro Power Plants

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12050878 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 878 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alejandro Tapia Córdoba ◽

Daniel Gutiérrez Reina ◽

Pablo Millán Gata

Keyword(s):

Power Plants ◽

Optimal Layout ◽

Pareto Dominance ◽

Hydro Power ◽

Linear Approach ◽

Hydro Power Plants ◽

Real Scenario ◽

The Cost ◽

Practical Feasibility ◽

Renewable Technology

Micro Hydro Power Plants (MHPP) constitute an effective, environmentally-friendly solution to deal with energy poverty in rural isolated areas, being the most extended renewable technology in this field. Nevertheless, the context of poverty and lack of qualified manpower usually lead to a poor usage of the resources, due to the use of thumb rules and user experience to design the layout of the plants, which conditions the performance. For this reason, the development of robust and efficient optimization strategies are particularly relevant in this field. This paper proposes a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to address the problem of finding the optimal layout for an MHPP based on real scenario data, obtained by means of a set of experimental topographic measurements. With this end in view, a model of the plant is first developed, in terms of which the optimization problem is formulated with the constraints of minimal generated power and maximum use of flow, together with the practical feasibility of the layout to the measured terrain. The problem is formulated in both single-objective (minimization of the cost) and multi-objective (minimization of the cost and maximization of the generated power) modes, the Pareto dominance being studied in this last case. The algorithm is first applied to an example scenario to illustrate its performance and compared with a reference Branch and Bound Algorithm (BBA) linear approach, reaching reductions of more than 70% in the cost of the MHPP. Finally, it is also applied to a real set of geographical data to validate its robustness against irregular, poorly sampled domains.

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The role of carbon capture, utilization and storage in realizing China's carbon neutrality: A source-sink matching analysis for existing coal-fired power plants

Resources Conservation and Recycling ◽

10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.106070 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 178 ◽

pp. 106070

Author(s):

Kai Li ◽

Shuo Shen ◽

Jing-Li Fan ◽

Mao Xu ◽

Xian Zhang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Capture ◽

Power Plants ◽

Carbon Neutrality ◽

Source Sink ◽

And Storage

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Tax Incentive Policy for Geothermal Development: A Comparative Analysis in ASEAN

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development ◽

10.14710/ijred.9.1.53-62 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 53-62

Author(s):

Mohammad Zainul Abidin ◽

Haula Rosdiana ◽

Roy Valiant Salomo

Keyword(s):

Power Plants ◽

Lao Pdr ◽

Tax Incentives ◽

The Philippines ◽

Investment Climate ◽

Tax Incentive ◽

Asean Member ◽

Incentive Policy ◽

Binary Cycle ◽

Incentive Policies

This paper examines tax incentive policies in geothermal industries in ASEAN to better understand the development of geothermal industry investment in the ASEAN Member States (AMS) using a qualitative method. The results indicate that tax incentive policies have supported the investment climate and the development of geothermal industries in the AMS. Geothermal investments and production capacities in AMS have increased significantly. AMS that provide geothermal tax incentives include Indonesia, Lao PDR, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. The performance of geothermal tax incentive policies is reflected in the level of utilization of geothermal potential, which is higher in states that provide greater tax incentives. The results also indicate that geothermal power plants in AMS use dry steam, flash and binary cycle technologies with flash plants being the most common. Results suggest that the future development of geothermal energy in AMS will be related to the tax incentive policy and investment climate in those states. Furthermore, the granting of various types of tax incentives should be focused on the initial investment in geothermal development. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

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Enhancing grid flexibility under scenarios of a renewable-dominant power system in China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-823823/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jiang Lin ◽

Nikit Abhyankar ◽

Gang He ◽

Xu Liu ◽

Shengfei Yin

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Power System ◽

Power Plants ◽

Power Cost ◽

Carbon Neutrality ◽

Coal Power Plants ◽

Coal Power ◽

Expansion Model ◽

Flexibility Options ◽

Flexible Operation

Abstract Renewable energy is poised to play a major role in achieving China's carbon neutrality goal by 2060; however, reliability and flexibility are a big concern of a renewable-dominant power system. Various strategies of enhancing flexibility are under discussion to ensure the reliability of such a system, but no detailed quantitative analysis has been reported yet in China. Here we combine the advantages of a capacity expansion model, SWITCH-China, with a production simulation model, PLEXOS, and analyze flexibility options under different scenarios of a renewable-dominant power system in China. We find that a larger balancing area offers direct flexibility benefits. Regional balancing could reduce the renewable curtailment rate by 5%-7%, compared with a provincial balancing strategy. National balancing could further reduce the power cost by about 16%. However, retrofitting coal power plants for flexible operation would only improve the system flexibility marginally.

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