Seismic performance-based design optimization considering direct economic loss and direct social loss

An automated performance-based design methodology to optimize structural and nonstructural system performance is outlined and it is shown that it can be used to enhance understanding of structural steel system design for minimum life-cycle costs. Performance is assessed using loss probability with direct economic loss expressed as a percentage of the building replacement cost. Time-based performance assessment is used to compute the expected annual loss of a given steel framing system assuming exposure to three seismic hazard levels. Damage to the structural system, nonstructural displacement-sensitive components, and nonstructural acceleration-sensitive components is characterized using fragility functions. A steel building with three-story, four-bay topology taken from the literature is used to demonstrate application of the algorithm with subsequent comparison of designs obtained using the proposed methodology and others found in the literature.

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Assessment of the ripple effects and spatial heterogeneity of total losses in the capital of China after a great catastrophic shock

Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ◽

10.5194/nhess-17-367-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 367-379 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zhengtao Zhang ◽

Ning Li ◽

Wei Xie ◽

Yu Liu ◽

Jieling Feng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Spatial Heterogeneity ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Gdp Growth ◽

Ripple Effect ◽

Ripple Effects ◽

Gdp Growth Rate ◽

Direct Economic Loss ◽

Indirect Economic Loss ◽

Development Levels

Abstract. The total losses caused by natural disasters have spatial heterogeneity due to the different economic development levels inside the disaster-hit areas. This paper uses scenarios of direct economic loss to introduce the sectors' losses caused by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (2008 WCE) in Beijing, utilizing the Adaptive Regional Input–Output (ARIO) model and the Inter-regional ripple effect (IRRE) model. The purpose is to assess the ripple effects of indirect economic loss and spatial heterogeneity of both direct and indirect economic loss at the scale of the smallest administrative divisions of China (streets, villages, and towns). The results indicate that the district of Beijing with the most severe indirect economic loss is the Chaoyang District; the finance and insurance industry (15, see Table 1) of Chaowai Street suffers the most in the Chaoyang District, which is 1.46 times that of its direct economic loss. During 2008–2014, the average annual GDP (gross domestic product) growth rate of Beijing was decreased 3.63 % by the catastrophe. Compared with the 8 % of GDP growth rate target, the decreasing GDP growth rate is a significant and noticeable economic impact, and it can be efficiently mitigated by increasing rescue effort and by supporting the industries which are located in the seriously damaged regions.

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Seismic performance of geosynthetic-reinforced soil retaining walls and their performance-based design in Japan

Performance-Based Design in Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering ◽

10.1201/noe0415556149.ch9 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

M Shinoda ◽

S Nakajima ◽

K Watanabe ◽

J Koseki ◽

M Tateyama

Keyword(s):

Seismic Performance ◽

Retaining Walls ◽

Reinforced Soil ◽

Performance Based Design ◽

Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil ◽

Soil Retaining Walls

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Tourists “stealing” stuff

Tourism Economics ◽

10.1177/1354816620960988 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 135481662096098

Author(s):

Stephen Pratt

Keyword(s):

Hot Spots ◽

Hospitality Industry ◽

Economic Value ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Tourist Behavior ◽

Hotel Room ◽

Direct Economic Loss ◽

Tourism And Hospitality Industry ◽

Tourism And Hospitality ◽

The Relationship

Hotel guests are sometimes confused as to what they can take from their hotel room. Passengers are sometimes confused as to what they can take from their flight. When passengers take a flight and hotel guests pay for a room, what items are they entitled to? It is not so clear. This research explores this issue. The economic value of these items can be quite prohibitive and represents a direct economic loss to these tourism businesses. The focus of previous research on theft in the tourism and hospitality industry focuses on tourists being robbed or employees stealing from their employers. This research assesses the self-reported incidence of tourists taking items from hotels and airlines and investigates the relationship between tourists taking both free and not-complimentary items and self-reported ethical tourist behavior. Further, we segment and profile the types of tourists who take items from hotels and airlines. We achieve these research objectives by undertaking a quantitative survey through 538 completed questionnaires captured via an in-person intercept method in commonly frequented tourist hot spots in Hong Kong. The incidence of theft is relatively high for some items, but tourists generally know which items they are entitled to and which they are not. There are three segments of tourists in terms of their self-reported behavior of taking items from hotel rooms and off flights: Honest, Impulsive, and Habituals.

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Importance of Contract Administration for Timely Construction of Hydropower Projects without Disputes

Hydro Nepal Journal of Water Energy and Environment ◽

10.3126/hn.v14i0.11265 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 49-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gyanendra Prasad Kayastha

Keyword(s):

Industrial Production ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Cost Overrun ◽

Management Skills ◽

Successful Performance ◽

Additional Time ◽

Project Cost ◽

Contract Administration ◽

Direct Economic Loss ◽

Interest Costs

Most of the large hydropower projects in the region have been behind schedule than agreed in the contracts. Such delays besides project cost overrun cause direct economic loss to the countries in the form of interest costs, loss of energy revenues and loss in industrial production due to shortage of power. With delays, the Contractor finds ways for claim for additional time and cost. Such a situation may be the result of poor contract administration & management skills. Therefore, a fair and just administration of the contract is key to the successful performance of the contract on time, with respect to both budget and quality with minimum dispute events.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v14i0.11265HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentVolume: 14, 2014, JanuaryPage: 49-51

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