Home environmental and lifestyle factors associated with asthma, rhinitis and wheeze in children in Beijing, China

Introduction: Evidence has shown an increase in paediatric hypertension globally and this could give rise to increase prevalence of adult hypertension. The purpose of this paper was to determine the prevalence of hypertension among adolescents in Malaysia as well as the association between hypertension and lifestyle factors selected based on published literature. Methods: Adolescents aged 13-17 years old were selected randomly from two secondary schools to have their blood pressure measured. Their lifestyle information was obtained through completed bilingual questionnaires based on validated instruments, as well as anthropometry measurements. The relationship between hypertension and lifestyle factors was determined through statistical analysis. Results: A total of 273 students were included in the study with 120 (44%) males and 153 (56%) females. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.5% among the respondents with the highest being recorded among Malays (28.7%). Generally, hypertension was associated with an increased Body Mass Index (BMI) (AOR=4.053, 95%CI=1.677-9.795, p=0.002) and waist circumference (WC) (AOR=2.918, 95%CI=1.171-7.269, p=0.021) in all respondents. Similar associations were noted in females (BMI: AOR=7.707, 95%CI=2.043-29.072, p=0.003; WC: AOR=3.690, 95%CI=1.011-13.464, p=0.048) but not in males. Conclusion: Hypertension recorded high prevalence among Malaysian adolescents in our study. The strong association between elevated body weight, BMI and WC with hypertension may require further study to evaluate the need for screening

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Associations Between Potentially Modifiable and Nonmodifiable Risk Factors and Gait Speed in Middle- and Older-Aged Adults: Results From the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glab008 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Erica Figgins ◽

Yun-Hee Choi ◽

Mark Speechley ◽

Manuel Montero-Odasso

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Chronic Conditions ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Life Course Perspective ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Modifiable Factors

Abstract Background Gait speed is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Understanding the factors associated with gait speed and the associated adverse outcomes will inform mitigation strategies. We assessed the potentially modifiable and nonmodifiable factors associated with gait speed in a large national cohort of middle and older-aged Canadian adults. Methods We examined cross-sectional baseline data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) Comprehensive cohort. The study sample included 20 201 community-dwelling adults aged 45–85 years. The associations between sociodemographic and anthropometric factors, chronic conditions, and cognitive, clinical, and lifestyle factors and 4-m usual gait speed (m/s) were estimated using hierarchical multivariable linear regression. Results The coefficient of determination, R 2, of the final regression model was 19.7%, with 12.9% of gait speed variability explained by sociodemographic and anthropometric factors, and nonmodifiable chronic conditions and 6.8% explained by potentially modifiable chronic conditions, cognitive, clinical, and lifestyle factors. Potentially modifiable factors significantly associated with gait speed include cardiovascular conditions (unstandardized regression coefficient, B = −0.018; p < .001), stroke (B = −0.025; p = .003), hypertension (B = −0.007; p = .026), serum Vitamin D (B = 0.004; p < .001), C-reactive protein (B = −0.005; p = .005), depressive symptoms (B = −0.003; p < .001), physical activity (B = 0.0001; p < .001), grip strength (B = 0.003; p < .001), current smoking (B = −0.026; p < .001), severe obesity (B = −0.086; p < .001), and chronic pain (B = −0.008; p = .018). Conclusions The correlates of gait speed in adulthood are multifactorial, with many being potentially modifiable through interventions and education. Our results provide a life-course-perspective framework for future longitudinal assessments risk factors affecting gait speed.

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Modifiable Factors Associated with Reversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Cognitively Normal Status: A Prospective Cohort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-970706/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Sha ◽

Ziyi Zhao ◽

Chang Wei ◽

Zhirong Yang ◽

Bingyu Li

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Large Scale ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Cognitively Normal ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Modifiable Factors

Abstract Background Previous studies found that about 24% of the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients reverse to cognitively normal (CN) status. However, it is unclear which modifiable factors are associated with this reversion. Method We conducted a prospective community-based cohort study based on 2002-2018 Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Of 35,474 older adults from 22 provinces in China in the 5 waves of CLHLS, 7,422 eligible participants with MCI were included. Multivariable Cox regression with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalty for variable selection was adopted to investigate the associations between reversion to CN and potential modifiable dietary/lifestyle, cardiometabolic, and psychological factors. Results Our analysis included 7,422 MCI participants [average age: 90.0 (SD 9.5) years]. Among these participants, 1,604 (21.6%) reversed from MCI to CN with a mean (SD) follow-up of 2.9 (1.8) years. Several dietary/lifestyle factors, including daily consumption of fresh fruits (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.42; P༜.001), engagement in reading (HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.54; P =.047), housework (HR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.35; P =.001), and mah-jong or other card games (HR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.39; P =.001), were positively associated with possibility of reversion. Cigarette smoking (HR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84 to 1.00; P= .041) and duration of alcohol drinking (HR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94 to 0.99; P = .012) were negatively associated with possibility of reversion. None of the modifiable cardiometabolic and psychological factors was found to be significantly associated with reversion to CN. Difference was identified among different age and gender group. Conclusion This study identified several dietary/lifestyle factors associated with MCI reversion that may transfer into large-scale dementia prevention practices.

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