Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hypertension among Adolescents in Malaysia

Introduction: Evidence has shown an increase in paediatric hypertension globally and this could give rise to increase prevalence of adult hypertension. The purpose of this paper was to determine the prevalence of hypertension among adolescents in Malaysia as well as the association between hypertension and lifestyle factors selected based on published literature. Methods: Adolescents aged 13-17 years old were selected randomly from two secondary schools to have their blood pressure measured. Their lifestyle information was obtained through completed bilingual questionnaires based on validated instruments, as well as anthropometry measurements. The relationship between hypertension and lifestyle factors was determined through statistical analysis. Results: A total of 273 students were included in the study with 120 (44%) males and 153 (56%) females. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.5% among the respondents with the highest being recorded among Malays (28.7%). Generally, hypertension was associated with an increased Body Mass Index (BMI) (AOR=4.053, 95%CI=1.677-9.795, p=0.002) and waist circumference (WC) (AOR=2.918, 95%CI=1.171-7.269, p=0.021) in all respondents. Similar associations were noted in females (BMI: AOR=7.707, 95%CI=2.043-29.072, p=0.003; WC: AOR=3.690, 95%CI=1.011-13.464, p=0.048) but not in males. Conclusion: Hypertension recorded high prevalence among Malaysian adolescents in our study. The strong association between elevated body weight, BMI and WC with hypertension may require further study to evaluate the need for screening

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The Relationship Between Hypertension and Socioeconomic Status and Food Intake

hormozgan medical journal ◽

10.5812/hmj.97665 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Hossein Farshidi ◽

Marzieh Nikparvar ◽

Farkhondeh Razmpour ◽

Farideh Dastsouz ◽

Asma Zadeh Abbasi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Food Intake ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Strong Association ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Preventive Action ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Reverse Relationship ◽

The Relationship

Background: High blood pressure is known as a major risk factor for myocardial infarction and renal impairment. Various factors, including the pattern of food intake and physical activity, are effective in the incidence of hypertension. Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between dietary factors and hypertension in Hormozgan Province, South of Iran. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 5075 adults aged more than 18 years from Hormozgan in 2016. Samples were selected through cluster sampling and randomly. The subjects’ information, including demographic information, dietary intake, anthropometric status, and blood pressure, were collected. Results: The high blood pressure in men was higher than in women. There was a significant relationship between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and age, body mass index, wrist and waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. There was a statistically significant reverse relationship between hypertension and fruits intake, dairy products, fish, and decrease meat and nonalcoholic drink consumption. Conclusions: Regarding the high prevalence of hypertension among people and its strong association with food intake, improving dietary patterns should be considered as an essential preventive action.

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Haematocrit: Relationships with Blood Lipids, Blood Pressure and other Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1648811 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (01) ◽

pp. 058-064 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Goya Wannamethee ◽

A Gerald Shaper

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Blood Lipids ◽

The Other ◽

The Relationship

SummaryThe relationship between haematocrit and cardiovascular risk factors, particularly blood pressure and blood lipids, has been examined in detail in a large prospective study of 7735 middle-aged men drawn from general practices in 24 British towns. The analyses are restricted to the 5494 men free of any evidence of ischaemic heart disease at screening.Smoking, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake and lung function (FEV1) were factors strongly associated with haematocrit levels independent of each other. Age showed a significant but small independent association with haematocrit. Non-manual workers had slightly higher haematocrit levels than manual workers; this difference increased considerably and became significant after adjustment for the other risk factors. Diabetics showed significantly lower levels of haematocrit than non-diabetics. In the univariate analysis, haematocrit was significantly associated with total serum protein (r = 0*18), cholesterol (r = 0.16), triglyceride (r = 0.15), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.17) and heart rate (r = 0.14); all at p <0.0001. A weaker but significant association was seen with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.09, p <0.001). These relationships remained significant even after adjustment for age, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake, lung function, presence of diabetes, social class and for each of the other biological variables; the relationship with systolic blood pressure was considerably weakened. No association was seen with blood glucose and HDL-cholesterol. This study has shown significant associations between several lifestyle characteristics and the haematocrit and supports the findings of a significant relationship between the haematocrit and blood lipids and blood pressure. It emphasises the role of the haematocrit in assessing the risk of ischaemic heart disease and stroke in individuals, and the need to take haematocrit levels into account in determining the importance of other cardiovascular risk factors.

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High prevalence of ascending aortic dilation in adults with repaired coarctation of the aorta

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951121000111 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Daniel Rinnström ◽

Mikael Dellborg ◽

Ulf Thilén ◽

Peder Sörensson ◽

Niels-Erik Nielsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Aortic Valve ◽

Aortic Valve Disease ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Coarctation Of The Aorta ◽

Valve Disease ◽

Aortic Dilation ◽

Factors Associated ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Life Threatening

Abstract Background: Ascending aortic dilation is a feared complication in adults with repaired coarctation of the aorta, as the condition is associated with life-threatening complications such as aortic dissection and rupture. However, the data are currently limited regarding factors associated with ascending aortic dilation in these patients. Methods and results: From the national register of congenital heart disease, 165 adult patients (≥ 18 years old) with repaired coarctation of the aorta, and echocardiographic data on aortic dimensions, were identified (61.2% male, mean age 35.8 ± 14.5 years). Aortic dilation (aortic diameters > 2 SD above reference mean) was found in 55 (33.3%) of the 165 included patients, and was associated with manifest aortic valve disease in univariable logistic regression analysis (OR 2.44, 95% CI [1.23, 4.83]). Conclusions: Aortic dilation is common post-repair of coarctation of the aorta, and is associated with manifest aortic valve disease and thus indirectly with the presence of a bicuspid aortic valve. However, no association was found between aortic dilation and age or blood pressure.

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Relationship between Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, and Visual Acuity in Residents of Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria

Physiology Journal ◽

10.1155/2014/510460 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I. O. Ernest-Nwoke ◽

M. O. Ozor ◽

U. Akpamu ◽

M. O. Oyakhire

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Visual Acuity ◽

Body Weight ◽

Local Government ◽

Body Mass ◽

Local Government Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Snellen Chart ◽

Edo State

Aim. To study the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) on visual acuity among apparently healthy residents of Ekpoma, Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria. Methodology. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study among 225 subjects (ages of 18–35 years) from whom BP, body weight, and height were collected. Visual acuity was measured using the Snellen chart following standard procedures of number of letters seen at 6-metre distance. The data were then analyzed using SPSS version 17. Results. The sampled population consists of 112 male and 113 female (mean age 31.72±14.2 years). Majority (180) of the respondents had normal visual acuity. However, compared with the respondents with normal BMI (R19.61±1.5; L19.67±1.70), visual acuity of underweight (R18.53±2.30; L18.53±2.70) and obese (R15.68±4.79; L17.73±1.70) were more deviated. Similarly, compared with respondent with normal BP (120–125/80–85 mmHg; R18.00±2.53; L18.07±3.11), hypotensive (R15.5±7.35; L15.00±10.20), and hypertensive (R15.01±21.25; L15.00±11.91) respondents had deviated visual acuity. Conclusion. Abnormal body weight (underweight and obese) and BP (hypotension and hypertension) have potential negative impacts on visual acuity. Based on the observed relationship between weights, BP, and visual acuity, eye examinations can be included as regular screening exercise for abnormal BMI and BP conditions.

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Effect of Metformin Therapy on Clinical and Hormonal Indices of Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

10.53350/pjmhs211551522 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 1522-1525

Author(s):

S. Inayat ◽

H. F. Khattak ◽

M. G. Muhammad ◽

K. Robeen ◽

A. Inayat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Body Mass ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Fasting Blood Sugar ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Group Ii

Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of metformin therapy on clinical and hormonal indices of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Study Design: Randomized control trial Place and Duration: Study was conducted at Obstetrics & Gynaecology department of Northwest General Hospital and Research Center, Peshawar and Mian Rashid Hussain Shaheed Memorial Hospital, Pabbi for duration of nine months from March 2020 to November 2020. Methods: Total 100 patients of polycystic ovary syndrome were presented in this study. Patients were aged between 18 to 45years. Patients detailed demographics including age, body mass index and socio-economicstatus were recorded after taking informed written consent. Patients were divided into 2-groups, group I had 50 patients and received metformin (500 mg) three times a day and group II had 50 patients and received pioglitazone (30 mg) three times a day for 3months.Clinical (body weight, blood pressure (BP), and body mass index) and indices fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, insulin, testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were measured before and after therapy. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Mean age of the patients in group I was 29.18 ± 2.25 years with mean BMI 26.14 ± 8.86 kg/m2 and in group II mean age was 29.8 ± 2.52 years with mean BMI 27.64 ± 7.68 kg/m2.Significantly decrease in blood pressure (systolic 105.41±8.57, diastolic 67.19±8.9), hair loss 20 (40%),oligomenorrhea 23 (46%), body weight 74.45±9.72, waist circumference and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) 2.35±0.67 and as compared to group II. Only triglycerides gave results of reduction in group II 115.39±64.11. Among both groups serum insulin, acne, menstrual disturbance and fasting blood sugar were controlled after treatment. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that use of metformin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome resulted in to decrease clinical body weight, blood pressure (BP), body mass index and hormonal indices with reduction of serum insulin, acne, menstrual disturbance and fasting blood sugar but pioglitazone was an alternative effective and reliable method in PCOS patients. Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Insulin resistance, Metformin, Pioglitazone

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The relationship between Hypertension and weight status in Iraqi population

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.8.3.751-755 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 751-755

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Recent Work ◽

Weight Status ◽

Predisposing Factor ◽

Diastolic Hypertension ◽

The Relationship ◽

Medical Books

Most medical books and researches documented that increased body weight is a predisposing factor to hypertension , and there is recent work in this field as well. In this research , the relationships between hypertension and body weight with age were studied in Iraqi population . It is concluded that diastolic hypertension is separated from systolic and combined hypertension and increased body weight has little effect on increased blood pressure.

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Paternal body mass index before conception associated with offspring's birth weight in Chinese population: a prospective study

10.1101/2021.06.17.21258438 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Renying Xu ◽

Weixiu Zhao ◽

Tao Tan ◽

Haojie Li ◽

Yanping Wan

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Body Mass ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

The Relationship ◽

Multivariable Adjustment ◽

Chinese Mother

Whether paternal epigenetic information of nutrition might be inherited by their offspring remained unknown. evaluate the relationship between preconception paternal body weight and their offspring's birth weight in 1,810 Chinese mother-father-baby trios. Information on paternal and maternal preconception body weight and height was collected via a self-reported questionnaire. Birth weight was collected from medical records. Paternal preconception body weight was associated with offspring's birth weight (p trend=0.02) after multivariable adjustment. Each standard deviation increment of paternal body mass index was associated with an additional 29.6 g increase of birth weight (95% confident interval: 5.7g, 53.5g). The association was more pronounced in male neonates, and neonates with overweight mothers, and with mothers who gained excessive gestational weight, compared to their counterparts (all p interaction<0.05). Sensitivity analyses showed similar pattern to that of the main analysis. Paternal preconception body weight was associated with birth weight of their offspring.

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CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE OBESIDADE/SOBREPESO E PRESSÃO ARTERIAL ELEVADA EM ESCOLARES DE UMA CIDADE DO INTERIOR DE SÃO PAULO

Colloquium Vitae ◽

10.5747/cv.2019.v11.n1.v253 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 51-56

Author(s):

Marcelo José Alves ◽

Victor Hugo Santos Zangirolamo ◽

Carlos Augusto Carvalho Filho ◽

Everton Alex Carvalho Zanuto ◽

Diane de Vasconcelos Barrionuevo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

The Body ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Hemodynamic Variables

Currently the Brazilian pediatric population has been exposed to risk factors caused by physical inactivity and poor diet, resulting in an increase in the Body Mass Index (BMI), which can lead to vascular problems even in childhood. The objectivewasto verify the influence of BMIon pressure levels. The sample consisted of 61 children of both sexes, chronological age between six and seven years and regularly enrolled/attending school. These children were evaluated in their hemodynamic variables (systolic -SBP and diastolic –DBP blood pressure), body weight, and height. Mean and standard deviation of participants' ages were 7±0.3 years, SBP had 89.4±10 and DBP of 57±6.9, eutrophic patients had 88.7±1.1 for SBP and 56±5 for DBP,and for those with overweight/obesityof109±5 for SBP and 70.7±8.2 for PAD(p=0.0001).Pearson's correlation for BMI with SBP and DBP was moderate for both, but with beta of 1.53 in linear regression for SBP and 0.96 for DBP. It was concluded thatBMI directly influences systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels and the control of overweight / obesity is necessary at the initial ages of life

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Statistical analysis plan for evaluating different intensities of blood pressure control in the ENhanced Control of Hypertension And Thrombolysis strokE stuDy

International Journal of Stroke ◽

10.1177/1747493018806170 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 555-558 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Craig S Anderson ◽

Mark Woodward ◽

Hisatomi Arima ◽

Xiaoying Chen ◽

Richard I Lindley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Clinical Trial ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Body Weight ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Standard Dose ◽

Statistical Analysis Plan ◽

Symptomatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽

Stroke Study

Background The ENhanced Control of Hypertension And Thrombolysis strokE study (ENCHANTED) trial was initiated as a 2 × 2 partial-factorial active-comparison, prospective, randomized, open, blinded endpoint clinical trial to evaluate in thrombolysis-eligible acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients whether: (1) Arm A – low-dose (0.6 mg/kg body weight) intravenous (iv) alteplase has noninferior efficacy and lower risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) compared with standard-dose (0.9 mg/kg body weight) iv alteplase; and (2) Arm B – early intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering (systolic target 130–140 mmHg) has superior efficacy and lower risk of ICH compared with guideline-recommended BP control (systolic target <180 mmHg). Arm A was completed in 2016; Arm B is now concluding. Objective To outline in detail and make public the predetermined statistical analysis plan (SAP) for the ‘BP control’ arm of this study. Methods All data collected by participating researchers will be reviewed and formally assessed. Information pertaining to the baseline characteristics of patients, their process of care, and the delivery of treatments will be outlined, and for each item, statistically relevant descriptive elements will be described. For the trial outcomes, the most appropriate statistical comparisons to be made between groups are planned and described. Results A SAP was developed for the results of the BP control arm of this study that is transparent, available to the public, verifiable, and predetermined before completion of data collection. Conclusions We have developed a predetermined SAP for the ENCHANTED BP control arm to be followed to avoid analysis bias arising from prior knowledge of the study findings. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01422616); ISRCTN Register (ISRCTN82387104); Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12611000236998); EU Clinical Trials Register (2011-005545-12); and Clinical Trials Registry – India (REF/2017/05/014334).

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