scholarly journals The role of crystallinity and particle morphology on the sorption of dibutyl phthalate on polyethylene microplastics: Implications for the behavior of phthalate plastic additives

2021 ◽  
pp. 117393
Author(s):  
Shi Yao ◽  
Huihui Cao ◽  
Hans Peter H. Arp ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Yongrong Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Particle Morphology

scholarly journals Looking for the “Dream Catalyst” for Hydrogen Peroxide Production from Hydrogen and Oxygen

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Menegazzo ◽  
Michela Signoretto ◽  
Elena Ghedini ◽  
Giorgio Strukul
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Catalyst Morphology ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Ideal

The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen is in principle the simplest method to form hydrogen peroxide, but it is still a “dream process”, thus needing a “dream catalyst”. The aim of this review is to analyze critically the different heterogeneous catalysts used for the direct synthesis of H2O2 trying to determine the features that the ideal or “dream catalyst” should possess. This analysis will refer specifically to the following points: (i) the choice of the metal; (ii) the metal promoters used to improve the activity and/or the selectivity; (iii) the role of different supports and their acidic properties; (iv) the addition of halide promoters to inhibit undesired side reactions; (v) the addition of other promoters; (vi) the effects of particle morphology; and (vii) the effects of different synthetic methods on catalyst morphology and performance.

The role of particle morphology on concrete fracture behaviour: A meso-scale modelling approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 106096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deheng Wei ◽  
Ryan C. Hurley ◽  
Leong Hien Poh ◽  
Daniel Dias-da-Costa ◽  
Yixiang Gan
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Behaviour ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Concrete Fracture ◽  
Scale Modelling ◽  
Meso Scale ◽  
Modelling Approach

Role of particle morphology in the yielding behavior of dense thermosensitive microgel suspensions

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 (17) ◽  
pp. 48625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Kaithakkal Jathavedan ◽  
Fayis Kanheerampockil ◽  
Suresh Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Yielding Behavior

Impact of Calcium Phosphate Particle Morphology on Osteoconduction: an In Vivo Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 1237-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Drouet ◽  
Ronan Barré ◽  
Gérard Brunel ◽  
Gérard Dechambre ◽  
Edmond Benqué ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Total Absence

Apatite/β−TCP particles exhibiting non-conventional urchin-like morphology were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. Their implantation in the rat calvarium was followed during 60 days. A total absence of osteoconduction was observed despite a favorable chemical composition, stressing the fundamental role of particle morphology on bone regeneration. Results are discussed in relation with other literature data. Possible explanations include the disfavored accumulation of biological mediators due to the acicular shape of the particles and/or a limited accessibility for cells.

Experimental cryptorchidism enhances testicular susceptibility to dibutyl phthalate or acrylamide in Sprague-Dawley rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 899-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
NP de Souza ◽  
AP Ferragut Cardoso ◽  
LMM Gomide ◽  
TRR Lima ◽  
HA Miot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Extended Exposure

Cryptorchidism (CPT), the most common male congenital abnormality, is variably associated with other male reproductive tract problems. We evaluated if cryptorchid rats develop enhanced testicular susceptibility to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) or acrylamide (AA) after extended exposure. Three studies with rats were performed: (1) in utero and postnatal exposure to DBP or AA; (2) establishment of CPT and orchiopexy; and (3) in utero and postnatal exposures to DBP or AA associated with CPT/orchiopexy. Seminiferous tubules were histologically scored according to the severity of lesions: (1) Rats exposed to DBP (score 1.5) or AA (score 1.1) presented mostly preserved spermatogenesis. Some seminiferous tubules showed vacuolated germinative epithelium, germ cell apoptosis, and a Sertoli cell-only (SCO) pattern. (2) CPT (score 3.3) resulted in decreased absolute testes weights, degenerated and SCO tubules, and spermatogenesis arrest that were reversed by orchiopexy (score 1.1). (3) Exposure to DBP or AA with CPT/orchiopexy led to atrophic testes, spermatogenesis arrest, germ cell exfoliation/multinucleation, and SCO tubules (both chemicals score 2.5). Exposure to chemicals such as DBP or AA prevented the recovery of cryptorchid testes by orchiopexy. The possible role of environmental contaminants should be considered when looking for factors that modulate human testicular disorders associated with CPT.

Biomimetic Ceramics: What, Why and How?

1991 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Calvert
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Temperature Resistance ◽  
Materials Engineering ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACTThe role of biomimetic approaches in materials engineering is reviewed. In the case of ceramics, close parallels in structure and function can be seen between synthetic and biological materials. Biological ceramics have resolved difficulties which are limiting the application of synthetic materials, particularly in the need for greater toughness. The enhanced toughness of materials such as shell and tooth enamel can be attributed to microstructural factors. Both natural materials contain a small amount of polymer. If this is essential, then any synthetic mimetic material would be limited by the temperature resistance of the polymer. In fact, much of the toughness is dependent on the elongated particle morphology and does not require polymer. Routes to forming ceramics with such elongated particles are discussed.

scholarly journals Extraction And Quality Evaluation of Exosomes From Joint Effusion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anmin Ruan ◽  
Pu Chen ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Xiaozhe Zhang ◽  
Yufeng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Joint Effusion ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Marker Proteins ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Peg Precipitation Method

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the quality and efficiency of exosomes extracted from knee joint effusion by different methods, laying a foundation for further research on exosomes from knee joint effusion. Methods: Separate and extract joint exosomes by 8% polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation method, ultracentrifugation method (UC) and ultrafiltration with exclusion chromatography (SECF). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracing technology (NTA) were used to detect particle morphology and particle size, and Western Blot (WB) was used to detect granule protein surface marker proteins (CD9, CD63, Flotillin-1 and calnexin).Results: All three methods successfully separated vesicle-like round particles from joint effusion. TEM results show that the particles obtained by the three extraction methods are round or oval vesicles, the plasma membrane is intact, the size is different, and the diameter is distributed between 30 and 150 nm. Compared with SECF group, PEG group had more background particle impurities. and the broken vesicle fragments can be seen in the UC group; NTA results show that the main peaks of the three groups of particles are between 100-120nm, and the particle concentration is greater than 1×1010/ml; WB results show that the expressions of CD9, CD63 and Flotillin-1 protein in the suspension extracted by the three methods were all higher, the expression of calnexin protein was higher in the PEG group than the UC group and SECF group.Conclusion: The three extraction methods can successfully extract the exosomes of joint effusion. The quality of exosomes obtained by the SECF method is relatively high, while the PEG precipitation method contains a small amount of impurity particles. UC method does not guarantee the integrity of exosomes. In summary, when further studying the role of exosomes in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis, we recommend the SECF method to extract and isolate joint exudates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document