Prevalence rate, demographic and clinical predictors of substance use disorders in emergency room psychiatric patients of a tertiary hospital in Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s290-s290
Author(s):  
V. Agyapong ◽  
M. Juhas
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Male Patients

BackgroundThere is only a limited body of literature which has examined the factors which can predict the presence of substance use disorders (SUD) in psychiatric patients seeking emergency room (ER) treatment.ObjectiveTo examine the factors that can predict the likelihood that a patient presenting to the emergency room and referred to the liaison psychiatric team will suffer from a SUD.MethodsNineteen independent demographic and clinical factors from data assessment tools for 477 patients assessed by the liaison psychiatric team in the ER over 12 months were compiled and analysed using univariate analyses and logistic regression in SPSS (version 20).ResultsThe 12-month prevalence rate of all SUDs in our clinical sample was 24.7%. Patients who presented to the ER with a chief alcohol and/or drug related complaint (withdrawal or intoxication) were 142 times more likely to fulfill the diagnostic criteria for SUD compared to those who presented with non-SUD related complaints. Male patients or patients with forensic history were both three times more likely to suffer from SUD than female patients or patients with no forensic history, respectively.ConclusionThere is a high prevalence of SUDs among psychiatric patients assessed in the ER. In addition to targeting patients who present to the ER with an alcohol or drug withdrawal/intoxication for brief psycho-educational interventions and referrals to addiction treatment services, patients with forensic history and male patients should be targeted for SUD screening.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Implementation and Evaluation of a Text Message–Based Addiction Counseling Program (Text4Hope-Addiction Support): Protocol for a Questionnaire Study

10.2196/22047 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e22047
Author(s):  
Vincent Israel Opoku Agyapong ◽  
Marianne Hrabok ◽  
Wesley Vuong ◽  
April Gusnowski ◽  
Reham Shalaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Demographic Correlates

Background With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, providing counseling to people with drug or alcohol addiction while maintaining physical distance has been challenging. This protocol describes the use of text messaging (as used in the Text4Hope-Addiction Support program) as a convenient, evidence-based, cost-effective, and accessible population-level mental health intervention with high user satisfaction proven in prior research. Objective The project goal is to implement a program of daily supportive text messaging (Text4Hope-Addiction Support) to reduce drug or alcohol cravings as well as anxiety and depression, typically associated with alcohol and substance use disorders. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of cravings, anxiety, and depressive symptoms; demographic correlates of the same; and the outcomes of the Text4Hope-Addiction Support intervention in mitigating cravings, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Methods Self-administered, anonymous, online questionnaires will be used to assess cravings for the primary substance of addiction (Brief Substance Craving Scale), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). Data will be collected at baseline (onset of receiving text messages), program midpoint (6 weeks), and program end (12 weeks). Results As of October 2020, data collection is in progress; and it is expected to be completed by fall 2021. Data analysis will include parametric and nonparametric techniques, focusing on primary outcomes (ie, cravings, anxiety, and depressive symptoms) and metrics of use, including the number of subscribers and user satisfaction. Conclusions This Text4Hope-Addiction Support project will provide key information regarding the prevalence rates of cravings, anxiety, and depressive symptoms among persons with alcohol and substance use disorders; demographic correlates of cravings, anxiety, and depression; and outcome data related to this scalable population-level intervention. Information from this study will be valuable for addiction care practitioners; it will inform the policy and decision making regarding population-level addiction treatment and support during emergencies. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/22047

scholarly journals Co -occurring Mental Disorders among In-patients in a Substance use Disorder Treatment Center in Plateau State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
D M Makput
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
Plateau State

Patients with psychoactive substance use disorders (SUD) often have co- occurring medical and mental disorders. This occurs as a result of a number of factors, for instance, drug abuse may facilitate the full expression of a latent psychiatric disorder; mental disorder may lead to SUD (drugs used for self- medication; or both SUD and mental disorders are caused by the same underlying brain deficit such as genetic vulnerability, neurotransmitter abnormality, structural or functional abnormality, and so on. After obtaining ethical clearance, the case notes of all patients who were admitted in the Centre for Addiction Treatment and Research, (CATR) Vom, Plateau state throughout the first quarter of year 2019 were traced. A systematic random sample of every third consecutive patient was selected beginning with the first patient admitted and relevant data were collected and analyzed. A total of fourty- eight (48) in-patients were analyzed. Ninety -four percent (94%) of the patients were males, the mean age of 23.6 + 5 years with 46% being below 25 years of age. Fourty-six percent (46%) had cannabis as their primary drug followed by alcohol (32%) and opioids (28%). Only 1 % had a history of injecting drug use. Twenty-nine percent (29%) of the SUD patients had co-occurring depression, nine percent (8%) had anxiety disorder, and five percent (4%) had Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in addition to their substance use disorder. In line with sustainable development goals (SDG) goal 3.5 which seeks to “strengthen prevention and treatment of substance abuse including narcotics drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol”; identifying co-occurring mental disorders among patients with substance use disorders is one way of moving closer towards achieving this SDG.

scholarly journals Substance Use Disorders in Elderly Admissions to an Academic Psychiatric Inpatient Service over a 10-Year Period

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Dombrowski ◽  
Nelly Norrell ◽  
Suzanne Holroyd
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Inpatient Service ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Psychiatric Admissions

Objective. There is a paucity of research on substance use disorders (SUDs) in the elderly psychiatric population. This study examines SUDs in a geriatric psychiatry inpatient service over a 10-year period.Methods. Data from 1788 elderly psychiatric inpatients from a ten-year period was collected. Variables collected included psychiatric diagnoses, SUD, number of psychiatric admissions, and length of stay. Those with and without a SUD were compared using Chi-Square or Student’st-test as appropriate using SPSS.Results. 11.7% (N=210) of patients had a SUD, and the most common substance was alcohol at 73.3% (N=154) or 8.6% of all admissions. Other SUDs were sedative-hypnotics (11%), opiate (2.9%), cannabis (1%), tobacco (1.4%), and unspecified SUD (38.6%). SUD patients were significantly younger, divorced, male, and less frequently readmitted and had shorter lengths of stay. The most common comorbid diagnoses were major depression (26.1%), bipolar disorder (10.5%), and dementia (17.1%).Conclusions. Over 10% of psychogeriatric admissions were associated with a SUD, with alcohol being the most common. Considering the difficulties in diagnosing SUD in this population and the retrospective study design, the true prevalence in elderly psychiatric inpatients is likely higher. This study adds to sparse literature on SUD in elderly psychiatric patients.

Substance use disorders in hospitalized psychiatric patients: The experience of one psychiatric emergency service in Turin

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1234-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frieri Tiziana ◽  
Montemagni Cristiana ◽  
Crivelli Barbara ◽  
Scalese Mara ◽  
Villari Vincenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Emergency Service ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency Service

scholarly journals A Study to Assess the Suicidal Behaviour among the Psychiatric Patients in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Guntur

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Vaddadi. Venkata kiran ◽  
Dr. Neeli Uma Jyothi ◽  
Mounica. Bollu
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Commit Suicide

Suicide attempt is a deliberate act of self harm with at least some intent of die that does not result in death. Such act has a wide range of medical seriousness. Individuals with psychiatric disorders are far more likely to commit suicide than the others. People who are psychologically disabled are often commit suicide from years of pain, frustration and depression. Spiritually they may perceive themselves as hopelessly damaged and lose all sense of purpose and meaning of life. Suicide is not a diagnosis or a disorder. it is a behaviour. Suicide is a worldwide, national, local and familial problem. 90% of people who kill themselves suffer from a diagnosable and preventable problem such as depression co-occurring mental and substance use disorders are common and potent combination among those who die by suicide.

scholarly journals Neuroscience-Informed Psychoeducation for Recovery (NIPER): A Program to Promote Metacognition in People with Substance Use Disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Rezapour ◽  
Mohammad Barzegari ◽  
Elham Sharifi ◽  
Nastaran Malmir ◽  
Hamid Reza Ghiasvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Recovery Programs ◽  
Control Decision ◽  
The Brain

BackgroundA brief neuroscience-informed psychoeducation program (neuroscience-informed psychoeducation for recovery, NIPER) was developed to promote awareness (metacognition) in the main cognitive domains affected by drug and alcohol use to increase willingness to invest time and effort in the brain and cognition recovery process. The primary aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and acceptability of the NIPER program and its potential effectiveness in terms of increasing metacognition, psychological wellbeing and willingness for the brain and cognition recovery programs among people with substance use disorders (SUDs).Methodology56 individuals with SUDs recruited from four outpatient treatment centres in Tehran, Iran and attended four 90-min sessions delivered weekly adjunct to their treatment as usual. The effectiveness was measured in terms of metacognition, and psychological wellbeing at baseline and at the end of the program. Rate of adherence and participation as well as willingness to continue with brain and cognition recovery programs were measured as feasibility outcomes.ResultsA total of 51 participants completed the study. Compared to the baseline assessments, participants reported significantly higher problems in dimensions of attention, memory, inhibitory control, decision making, motor/speech, interocpetion and insight, as well as higher level of psychological wellbeing (t=4.66. p<0.001). In terms of feasibility outcomes, the adherence and participation rates were found above 85%. The majority of participants expressed their high willingness to continue the brain and cognition recovery programs (86.2%) and introduce NIPER to their peers (98%).ConclusionTaking into account the results in terms of feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of NIPER in clinical context of addiction treatment, we consider NIPER as a potentially beneficial interventions to be offered to people with SUD to increase their awareness and engage them to the brain and cognition recovery process. The clinical efficacy of the intervention should be tested in future randomized clinical trials.

scholarly journals Co -occurring Mental Disorders among In-patients in a Substance use Disorder Treatment Center in Plateau State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
D M Makput
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
Plateau State

Patients with psychoactive substance use disorders (SUD) often have co- occurring medical and mental disorders. This occurs as a result of a number of factors, for instance, drug abuse may facilitate the full expression of a latent psychiatric disorder; mental disorder may lead to SUD (drugs used for self- medication; or both SUD and mental disorders are caused by the same underlying brain deficit such as genetic vulnerability, neurotransmitter abnormality, structural or functional abnormality, and so on. After obtaining ethical clearance, the case notes of all patients who were admitted in the Centre for Addiction Treatment and Research, (CATR) Vom, Plateau state throughout the first quarter of year 2019 were traced. A systematic random sample of every third consecutive patient was selected beginning with the first patient admitted and relevant data were collected and analyzed. A total of fourty- eight (48) in-patients were analyzed. Ninety -four percent (94%) of the patients were males, the mean age of 23.6 + 5 years with 46% being below 25 years of age. Fourty-six percent (46%) had cannabis as their primary drug followed by alcohol (32%) and opioids (28%). Only 1 % had a history of injecting drug use. Twenty-nine percent (29%) of the SUD patients had co-occurring depression, nine percent (8%) had anxiety disorder, and five percent (4%) had Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in addition to their substance use disorder. In line with sustainable development goals (SDG) goal 3.5 which seeks to “strengthen prevention and treatment of substance abuse including narcotics drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol”; identifying co-occurring mental disorders among patients with substance use disorders is one way of moving closer towards achieving this SDG.

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