Academic burnout and personality traits in Korean medical students

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S691-S691 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Chae ◽  
S.J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Academic Stress ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Final Exam ◽  
Academic Burnout

ObjectivesPersonality was shown to play an important role for well being under academic stress. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate how temperament and character traits predict academic burnout in Korean medical students.MethodsOne hundred and seventy-eight Korean medical students completed the Cloninger's temperament and character inventory (TCI) at the beginning of semester and Maslach burnout inventory-student survey (MBI-SS) was also measured around the final exam when academic stress and burnout is at the highest. The correlation between TCI and MBI-SS was examined and stepwise regression analysis was performed to measure how well personality traits predict academic burnout level.ResultsThe MBI-SS total burnout score was correlated positively with harm-avoidance (r = 0.247, P < 0.05) and negatively with self-directedness (r = -0.296, P < 0.001) and Cooperativeness (r = -0.169, P < 0.05) scores. The regression analysis showed that the harm-avoidance (β = 0.269, P < 0.001) accounted for exhaustion score and the self-directedness explained the Total burnout score (β = -0.296, P < 0.001) and Inefficacy score (β = -0.284, P < 0.001). The Cynicism score was accounted for high Novelty-Seeking (β = 0.150, P < 0.05) and low Cooperativeness (β = -0.182, P < 0.05).ConclusionThis study showed that the Cloninger's temperament and character might explain the burnout level from the stressful medical education. The temperament of novelty-seeking and harm-avoidance could provide the susceptibility to the academic burnout and the character of self-directedness and cooperativeness might determine the resilience to the negative influence of academic stress.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

PERSONALITY PROFILES IN A SWEDISH LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYED SAMPLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-39
Author(s):  
Alexandre Granjard ◽  
Kevin M. Cloninger ◽  
Erik Lindskär ◽  
Christian Jacobsson ◽  
Sverker Sikström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Self Transcendence

Background: Long-term unemployment is associated with psychiatric problems, higher risk of suicide, low levels of well-being, and high levels of burnout. In this context, among other factors such as sociodemographic status and IQ, specific personality traits are important for individuals’ chances to finding a job, getting hired, and retaining that job, as well as for coping with the mental health risks related to long-term unemployment. Thus, in order to use person-centered methods to promote public health and sustainable employment during the current and future challenges of the 21st century, an important research area is the mapping and understanding of personality profiles of individuals who are unemployed.  Objectives: We mapped the personality traits and profiles in a sample of Swedish long-term unemployed (i.e., ≥ 6 months without work) in relation to a control group from the Swedish general population. Method: 245 long-term unemployed individuals (136 men and 157 women, range 18 to 60 years; M = 25.7; SD = 9.6) were recruited at the beginning of different well-being and employment projects in Blekinge, Sweden. The participants reported gender, age, and other basic demographics, as well as their personality using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). We calculated the T-scores and percentiles for the personality traits using the Swedish normative data (N = 1,948) and clustered participants in different temperament (high/low novelty seeking: N/n, high/low harm avoidance: H/h, high/low reward dependence: R/r) and character profiles (high/low self-directedness: S/s, high/low cooperativeness: C/c, high/low self-transcendence: T/t). Results: Compared to the general population, the long-term unemployed were extremely higher in harm avoidance (> 1.5 standard deviation), moderately lower in persistence (> 0.5 standard deviation), extremely lower in self-directedness (> 2 standard deviations), and moderately lower in novelty seeking (> 0.5 standard deviation). That is, consistent with past research, our study shows that the personality of long-term unemployed is denoted by being pessimistic, fearful, easily fatigable, underachieving, blaming, helpless, and unfulfilled (i.e., high harm avoidance, low persistence, and low self-directedness), but also by being reserved and rigid (i.e., low novelty seeking). Furthermore, within the unemployed population, as much as 71.60% reported a methodical (nHr) or cautious profile (nHR), and as much as 64.00% reported an apathetic (sct) or a disorganized profile (scT). Moreover, the profile analyses allowed us to show that, within this unemployed population and in relation to each individual’s own profile, about 91.70% were high in harm avoidance, 98.60% were low in self-directedness, 64.00% were low in cooperativeness, and 44.40% low in self-transcendence. Conclusions: These results indicate a high predictive value by the TCI, especially regarding the specific basic health-related traits or abilities (i.e., self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence) needed to cope with the risks related to unemployment. Specifically, long-term unemployed populations have temperament profiles that present difficulties for them to adapt to the circumstances of unemployment, but also finding, getting, and retaining a job and character profiles that diminish their possibilities to self-regulate the emotions derived from their temperament through self-directed choices that improve their health and all aspects of their lives. Hence, evidence-based interventions targeting stress reduction and the development of health-related traits or abilities (i.e., self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence) are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Burnout among Iranian medical students: Prevalence and its relationship to personality dimensions and physical activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Khosravi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Simple Relationship ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Academic Burnout ◽  
Total Prevalence

Several studies have shown the association between personality traits and academic burnout. But the main goal of the present study was to find out an experimental answer to the following question: Does the relationship between personality dimensions and academic burnout is a simple relationship or physical activity can influence this relationship. In this cross-sectional correlational study, 417 medical students were selected from three major cities of Iran through stratified multistage sampling and assessed by demographic information form, Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire, Temperament and Character Inventory, and Breso’s Academic Burnout Questionnaire. Bivariate Pearson correlations and hierarchical linear regression were used to examine the relationships between academic burnout, personality traits, and physical activity. In this study, 400 medical students (39% male and 61% female) filled the questionnaires correctly. The total prevalence of academic burnout was 25.5% (n=102), with heterogeneous levels. Regression analysis indicated that in a multivariate model, being male (β=0.08, p=0.013), higher years of medical school (β=0.18, p˂0.001), and lower scores in novelty seeking (β=-0.53, p=0.006), cooperativeness (β=-0.55, p=0.010), and physical activity (β=-1.22, p˂0.001) could be attributed to higher scores of academic burnout. Furthermore, physical activity had a moderating role in “novelty seeking-academic burnout” (β=-0.47, p=0.044) and “cooperativeness-academic burnout” (β=-0.89, p=0.001) relationships (∆R2=0.02, p˂0.001). The results suggested that male gender, higher years of medical school, and lower levels of novelty seeking, cooperativeness, and physical activity are associated with higher levels of academic burnout among Iranian medical students. Therefore, paying attention to male gender and individual difference factors, as well as planning for physical education classes during the medicine courses (especially in the last years of medical school), seems essential. However, more extensive investigations need to be carried out in this field through longitudinal studies.

scholarly journals Effects of personality on the developmental trajectories of academic burnout among Korean medical students

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10362
Author(s):  
Han Chae ◽  
C. Robert Cloninger ◽  
Soo Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Student Survey ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Burnout

Background Medical students have a high risk of burnout from tremendous academic stress, and previous cross-sectional studies have explained this risk from the personality perspective. However, the relationship between complex personality profiles and developmental trajectory of burnout has not been delineated yet. Methods The longitudinal changes in burnout were measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) at baseline (1st week), mid-term (9th week), and end-term (17th week), and personality was examined at baseline using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Latent trajectory groups based on the MBI-SS total scores were extracted using the General Growth Mixture Model (GGMM), and significant differences in personality profiles among the latent groups were identified using profile analysis and Analysis of Variance. Results Three burnout trajectory groups of high-increasing (HI), moderate-increasing (MI), and low-stable (LS) were identified, and these groups had significantly different TCI subscale profiles. The HI group had the highest score in Harm-Avoidance (HA) and lowest score in Self-Directedness (SD), and the MI group had a higher score in HA and lower scores in SD and Cooperativeness (CO) when compared to the LS group with the lowest score in HA and highest scores in SD and CO. Conclusion The current study showed that the HA, SD, and CO subscales of the TCI might explain the longitudinal development of academic burnout in medical students. Prevention of burnout and promotion of well-being in medical education concerning personality are discussed.

scholarly journals Burnout among Iranian medical students: Prevalence and its relationship to personality dimensions and physical activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Khosravi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Simple Relationship ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Academic Burnout ◽  
Total Prevalence

Several studies have shown the association between personality traits and academic burnout. But the main goal of the present study was to find out an experimental answer to the following question: Does the relationship between personality dimensions and academic burnout is a simple relationship or physical activity can influence this relationship. In this cross-sectional correlational study, 417 medical students were selected from three major cities of Iran through stratified multistage sampling and assessed by demographic information form, Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire, Temperament and Character Inventory, and Breso’s Academic Burnout Questionnaire. Bivariate Pearson correlations and hierarchical linear regression were used to examine the relationships between academic burnout, personality traits, and physical activity. In this study, 400 medical students (39% male and 61% female) filled the questionnaires correctly. The total prevalence of academic burnout was 25.5% (n=102), with heterogeneous levels. Regression analysis indicated that in a multivariate model, being male (β=0.08, p=0.013), higher years of medical school (β=0.18, p˂0.001), and lower scores in novelty seeking (β=-0.53, p=0.006), cooperativeness (β=-0.55, p=0.010), and physical activity (β=-1.22, p˂0.001) could be attributed to higher scores of academic burnout. Furthermore, physical activity had a moderating role in “novelty seeking-academic burnout” (β=-0.47, p=0.044) and “cooperativeness-academic burnout” (β=-0.89, p=0.001) relationships (∆R2=0.02, p˂0.001). The results suggested that male gender, higher years of medical school, and lower levels of novelty seeking, cooperativeness, and physical activity are associated with higher levels of academic burnout among Iranian medical students. Therefore, paying attention to male gender and individual difference factors, as well as planning for physical education classes during the medicine courses (especially in the last years of medical school), seems essential. However, more extensive investigations need to be carried out in this field through longitudinal studies.

scholarly journals Association between Polymorphism rs1799732 of DRD2 Dopamine Receptor Gene and Personality Traits among MMA Athletes

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1217
Author(s):  
Marta Niewczas ◽  
Anna Grzywacz ◽  
Katarzyna Leźnicka ◽  
Krzysztof Chmielowiec ◽  
Jolanta Chmielowiec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Dopamine Receptor Gene

Four factors—namely, harm avoidance, novelty seeking, reward addiction and persistence—represent the nature of temperament that is not genetically determined in itself. It was shown in earlier studies that a strong propensity to look for novelty or a tendency to engage in risky behavior is correlated with genetic variants in the area of the genes encoding dopamine receptors. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine whether there is a relationship between personality traits and genetic variants in the area of the DRD2 dopamine receptor gene in MMA athletes. The participants consisted of 85 mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes and 284 healthy, non-MMA male participants. Their personality traits were measured using the Revised Temperament and Character Inventory. Blood was collected for genetic assays and all samples were genotyped using the real-time PCR method. We observed a statistically significant effect of a complex factor of the DRD2 rs1799732 genotype on MMA participants’ control and reward dependence. Engaging in high-risk sport may be associated with several personality characteristics. The DRD2 rs1799732 polymorphism may be associated with reduced harm avoidance in martial arts athletes, thereby modulating athletes’ predisposition to participate in high-risk sport.

Interaction effects between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism and parental rearing on personality traits in healthy subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 817-817
Author(s):  
A. Suzuki ◽  
Y. Matsumoto ◽  
N. Shibuya ◽  
R. Sadahiro ◽  
M. Kamata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Val66met Polymorphism ◽  
Bdnf Val66met Polymorphism ◽  
Parental Rearing ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Brain

AimsThere is a growing body of data suggesting the gene-environment interaction in the characterization of personality traits, but variation in ordinary parental rearing among environmental factors has not been focused yet. We examined the effects of the interaction between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism and parental rearing on personality traits.MethodsSubjects were 710 Japanese healthy volunteers. Perceived parental rearing was assessed by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), which consists of the care and protection factors. Personality assessment was performed by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), which has 7 dimensions, i.e., novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, persistence, self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence. The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism was detected by the PCR-RFLP method.ResultsParental rearing has significant main effects on all TCI dimensions except novelty seeking, while no significant main effects of the BDNF genotype on the TCI scores were found. The interaction between the BDNF genotype and maternal care of the PBI had significant effects on harm avoidance and self-directedness of the TCI. Post-hoc analyses showed that decreased maternal care was correlated with increased harm avoidance and decreased self-directedness in most of the genotype groups, and for both personality traits the correlation was highest in the Met/Met genotype and lowest in the Val/Val genotype and that for the Val/Met genotype was in between the two values.ConclusionThe present study suggests that the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism moderates the effects of parenting rearing, especially maternal care, on harm avoidance and self-directedness in healthy subjects.

scholarly journals Personality traits mediate the association between perceived parental bonding and well-being in adult volunteers from the community

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Murakoshi ◽  
Nobuyuki Mitsui ◽  
Jiro Masuya ◽  
Yota Fujimura ◽  
Shinji Higashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Parental Bonding ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Reward Dependence ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Adult Volunteers

Abstract Background Previous studies reported that subjective well-being in adulthood correlates with perceived parental bonding in childhood as well as personality traits. However, whether personality traits mediate the effect of perceived parental bonding on well-being or not has not been reported to date. In this study, we hypothesized that ‘parental care and overprotection’ in childhood affect ‘well-being’ in adulthood through various ‘personality traits’, and analyzed this using structural equation modeling. Methods A total of 402 adult volunteers from the community provided responses to the following questionnaires: 1) Parental Bonding Instrument, 2) Temperament and Character Inventory, and 3) The Subjective Well-being Inventory. Two structural equation models were designed and the maximum likelihood estimation method was used for covariance structure analysis. Results Parental care in childhood directly increased well-being in adulthood and indirectly increased it through personality traits (harm avoidance, reward dependence, and self-directedness). Parental overprotection in childhood had no direct effect on well-being in adulthood but decreased well-being in adulthood indirectly through personality traits (harm avoidance, reward dependence, and self-directedness) and increased it through one personality trait (self-transcendence). Conclusions This study showed that the influences of perceived parental bonding on well-being in adulthood are mediated by self-directedness, harm avoidance, reward dependence, and self-transcendence among the seven personality dimensions evaluated by the Temperament and Character Inventory.

Perfectionism is related with academic stress in medical student

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S690-S690 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kim ◽  
C. Seockhoon ◽  
L. Suyeon ◽  
Y. Soyoun ◽  
P. Boram
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Academic Stress ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
High Level

ObjectiveEspecially medical students set high academic standard, and try hard to achieve because they are requested to studying medicine perfectly. Multidimensional perfectionism scale (MPS) is used to measure perfectionism in medical student. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationships between stress and various factors including perfectionism.MethodsWe enrolled 159 medical students from University of Ulsan college of Medicine. We used the Medical Stress scale (MSS), the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale(MPS), the patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9), the academic motivation scale (AMS), the insomnia severity scale(ISS), and The revised neo personality inventory.ResultTo analyze data, we used Pearson's correlation and logistic regression analysis. In the first step- Pearson's correlation analysis, a motivation, PHQ-9, ISI, perfectionism and neuroticism traits of NEO-PI significantly correlated with stress level (P < 0.001). In the second step, logistic regression analysis indicated that students who feel high level of academic stress (MSS score ≥ 28) are also related to a motivation, insomnia, perfectionism and neuroticism traits of NEO-PI (R2 = 0.389, P < 0.05).ConclusionStudent who tend to be perfect feel more academic stress. The high level of stress related to insomnia and a motivation in medical student. Moreover, personality trait also can influences their psychological stress level.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Temperament profile and its association with the vulnerability to smartphone addiction of medical students in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enjeline Hanafi ◽  
Kristiana Siste ◽  
Tjhin Wiguna ◽  
Irmia Kusumadewi ◽  
Martina Wiwie Nasrun
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Substance Addiction ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
Smartphone Use

AbstractTemperament profiles of an individual with high novelty seeking and low harm avoidance have been reported to be related to substance addiction, but smartphone addiction could be different from substance addiction. Medical students have high exposure to smartphone use. Screening their risk of smartphone addiction based on the temperament profile may help in deciding best prevention approach. This research aimed to examine the temperament profile and its association with vulnerability to smartphone addiction of medical students in Jakarta, Indonesia. The research was conducted with cross sectional design and simple random sampling. The Temperament and Character Inventory and the Smartphone Addiction Scale were used to measure desired outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the relationship between demographic factors, pattern of smartphone use, temperament type, and vulnerability to smartphone addiction. Of the 185 samples, most subjects have low novelty seeking, high reward dependence, and high harm avoidance. The average smartphone usage in a day was 7.94 hours (SD 3.92) with the initial age of smartphone usage was 7.58 years (SD 2.43). The respondents used smartphone for communication and accessing social media. High harm avoidance temperament was significantly associated with risk of smartphone addiction with OR 2.035; 95% CI 1.119 to 3.701). This study shows that smartphone addiction has similarities with other behavior addictions. Harm avoidance temperament is associated with the risk of smartphone addiction. Screening on risk of smartphone addiction based on temperament type should be done on medical students.

scholarly journals The Association Among Achievement Goal Orientations, Academic Performance, and Academic Well-Being Among Chinese Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-lin Li ◽  
Ji-yang Zhao ◽  
Jing Tian ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Chen-xi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Goal Orientations ◽  
Academic Stress ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Achievement Goal Orientations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Medical Students ◽  
Subjective Learning

Learning motivation is a significant factor that ensures quality in medical education, and might affect the academic performance and well-being of medical students. This study aimed to explore the status of achievement goal orientations among medical students in China and to further identify the association among academic performance, academic well-being, and achievement goal orientations. Data were collected through a cross-sectional, anonymous survey conducted with 3,511 respondents (effective response rate = 81.7%), from four medical universities in China, and demographic factors, achievement goal orientations, academic performance, and academic well-being were assessed. The average score of achievement goal orientations of Chinese medical students suggested a difference in demographic factors, including sex, year of study, experience of leadership cadre, and family income. Both mastery and performance-avoidance goals were associated with academic performance, subjective academic stress, subjective learning adaptability, subjective sleep quality, and subjective well-being. Performance-approach goals were related to academic performance, subjective academic stress, and subjective learning adaptability. The achievement goal orientations of the medical students in this study were at a middle level. The findings emphasize the importance of mastery goals for promoting the academic performance and well-being of medical students. More care and attention toward achievement goal orientations can be beneficial for the improvement of the academic performance and well-being among medical students.

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