Can the ‘mediation’ approach help to understand the role of lack of insight in the relationship between symptoms and functioning in schizophrenia?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s832-s832
Author(s):  
R. Rossi ◽  
V. Santarelli ◽  
C. Marucci ◽  
G. Pizziconi ◽  
F. Pacitti
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Global Assessment Of Functioning ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionThe relationship between Lack of insight (LoI) and other symptoms in schizophrenia is complex. LoI could be associated with severity of symptoms at one side and global functioning at the other. For this nature LoI is a candidate ‘mediator’ for the relationship between psychotic symptoms and global functioning.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to explore the possible role of LoI as a mediator between psychotic symptoms and global functioning in a sample of people with schizophrenia.MethodsSeventy-three patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were included. The five-factor model of the PANSS by Wall work was used to assess psychopathology and G12 item as an estimate of LoI. Global assessment of functioning (GAF) was used to measure global disability. Pearson's r correlations and linear regressions for Sobel test for mediation were performed. PANSS factors were modeled as predictors of global functioning and LoI as the mediator.ResultsCorrelations revealed the prerequisite relationships between LoI, positive, negative and disorganized PANSS factors and global functioning. Mediation analyses show that LoI partially mediates the relationship between positive and disorganized factor scores and global functioning. No mediation for negative factor score was observed.ConclusionsLack of insight mediates the relationships between positive and disorganized factors and global functioning. The partial mediation we report suggests that LoI on the one hand is an independent contributor to global function, but further shows an indirect effect of PANSS positive and disorganized factors to GAF total score.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENCES IN WEB USAGE: THE ROLE OF NEED FOR COGNITION AND THE FIVE FACTOR MODEL OF PERSONALITY

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy L. Tuten ◽  
Michael Bosnjak
Keyword(s):  
Product Information ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Web Usage ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Web

Using the Five-factor model of personality and Need for Cognition, the authors investigated the relationship between personality and Web usage. Of the five factors, Openness to Experience and Neuroticism showed the greatest association to Web usage. Openness to Experience was positively related to using the Web for entertainment and product information, while Neuroticism was negatively related to Web usage. Need for Cognition was significantly and positively correlated with all Web activities involving cognitive thought.

scholarly journals Negative and disorganized symptoms mediate the relationship between verbal learning and global functioning in adolescents with early-onset psychosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1693-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runar Elle Smelror ◽  
Bjørn Rishovd Rund ◽  
Vera Lonning ◽  
Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen ◽  
Kirsten Wedervang-Resell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Neurocognitive deficits are associated with impaired global functioning and psychotic symptoms. However, whether symptoms can mediate the relationship between neurocognition and global functioning in adolescent psychosis is unclear. Here, we investigated if symptoms assessed with the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), mediated the relationship between neurocognitive performance and global functioning in adolescents with non-affective early-onset psychotic disorders (EOP). Sixty-one adolescent EOP patients (age 12–18 years) from 2 Norwegian clinical cohorts were included. Linear regression models were applied to investigate associations between neurocognitive domains from the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and global functioning. PANSS symptoms were analyzed using the Wallwork/Fortgang five-factor model. Using the INDIRECT macro for SPSS, mediation effects were tested using bootstrapping with 95% bias corrected confidence intervals. Verbal learning was positively associated with global functioning (P < 0.001) and negatively associated with the disorganized symptom factor (P = 0.002), controlling for age, sex and cohort. Testing of indirect effects, controlling for age, sex and cohort, showed that the Negative (point estimate = 1.56, 95% CI 0.22, 3.47) and Disorganized (point estimate = 1.24, 95% CI 0.05, 3.69) symptom factors significantly mediated the relationship between verbal learning and global functioning. We found that verbal learning, negative and disorganized symptoms influenced global functioning in adolescents with EOP, while reality-distorted positive symptoms did not. These results suggest that assessing these domains in EOP is helpful for planning treatment and rehabilitation programs focusing on functional outcome.

Lack of insight as a third variable between subjective appraisal of cognitive impairment and psychotic symptoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S384-S384
Author(s):  
R. Rossi ◽  
V. Santarelli ◽  
C. Marucci ◽  
D. Gianfelice ◽  
F. Pacitti
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Mediator Role ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mediator Variable

BackgroundThe relationship between subjective appraisal of cognitive deficits and symptom severity in schizophrenia is unclear. Insight reportedly impacts on both factors. Our aim is to further asses the relationship between the subjective perception of cognitive deficits, symptom severity and lack of Insight as a mediator variable.MethodsA total of 109 subject diagnosed with schizophrenia. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was modelled as dependent variable; Subjective Scale to Investigate Cognition in Schizophrenia (SSTICS) was modeled as independent variable and “Lack of Insight” (LoI) PANSS Item was tested as a mediator variable. Mediation was assessed using the Sobel Mediation Test.ResultsLoI acts as a suppressor variable (i.e. it enhances the relation between the independent and dependent variable) between SSTICS and negative symptoms, while showing a mediator effect between SSTICS and depressive symptoms.DiscussionLoI has a central role in mediating the relationship between subjective appraisal of cognitive deficits on the one hand and positive and depressed symptoms on the other. Its suppressor role between SSTICS and depression is consistent with several reports of an enhanced risk of depression in patients fully aware of their disability. Its mediator role between STICSS and positive symptoms supports the centrality of LoI as a metacognitive function whose failure may worsen psychotic symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Relationship between heart rate variability and the severity of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Hoon Kim ◽  
Jun-Hyung Ann ◽  
Jinyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Approximate Entropy ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
The Relationship

Kim J-H, Ann J-H, Lee J. Relationship between heart rate variability and the severity of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia.Objective: The relationship between autonomic neurocardiac function and schizophrenia remains elusive. This study investigated the relationship between the heart rate variability (HRV) parameters and the severity of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenic patients.Methods: Twenty-one patients receiving risperidone monotherapy and 21 matched normal control subjects were evaluated for HRV analysis. The severity of schizophrenic symptoms was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and a five-factor model of the PANSS was used.Results: The value of the ratio of low-to-high frequency spectral power was significantly higher in the patient group. The patient group also showed a significantly lower value of approximate entropy. After controlling the dosage of risperidone, the PANSS total score had significant negative correlations with the standard deviation of all RR intervals (SDNN) and the square root of the mean squared differences of successive normal sinus intervals (RMSSD). With respect to the PANSS factors, the score of the PANSS cognitive/disorganisation factor had significant negative correlations with SDNN and RMSSD.Conclusion: These results provide some evidence that the severity of psychotic symptoms, especially cognitive/disorganisation symptom dimensions, may be associated with reduced HRV, suggesting a potential involvement of neuroautonomic dysfunction in the pathophysiology of specific symptoms of schizophrenia.

The Role of Personality in Angel Investing

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Y. Murnieks ◽  
Richard Sudek ◽  
Robert Wiltbank
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Management Team ◽  
Management Teams ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modelling ◽  
Angel Investor ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Investment Opportunities ◽  
The Relationship

This paper offers an examination of the relationship between an entrepreneur's personality and angel investor evaluations of the management team of venture opportunities. The authors use the Five Factor Model of personality to investigate whether angels rate the management teams of investment opportunities differently, depending on the personality profile of the focal entrepreneur. We also analyse the influence of an entrepreneur's start-up experience and the angel investor's investing experience on the evaluation of the management team. Hierarchical linear modelling of 1,988 investment evaluations from 40 different angels suggests that investor ratings of management teams are influenced by the personality traits of the lead entrepreneur.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Personality Traits and Interracial Contact on Campus

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402096525
Author(s):  
David K. Diehl
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Interracial Contact ◽  
Diversity In Higher Education ◽  
Interracial Friendships ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

It is not well understood why, on diverse college campuses, some students are more likely than others to engage in interracial contact. While research has begun to examine the role of individual differences like personality traits, results have thus far been mixed. This article asks if this might be the result of confounding different forms of interracial contact. Using a sample of nearly 500 university students and drawing on distinctions made in research on diversity in higher education, models examining the relationships between the five-factor model (FFM) of personality traits and four types of interracial contact are presented: positive and negative cross-racial interactions (CRIs), and two ways of estimating interracial friendships (IRFs)—self-reported composition of close friends as well as the count of ego-network connections. Results show that having an Agreeable personality is associated with perceiving more positive and fewer negative CRIs, while no personality traits are associated with IRFs.

Moderating Role of Emotional Intelligence on Personality– Employee Creativity Relationship

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Md. Hassan Jafri
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Employee Creativity ◽  
Current Time ◽  
The Relationship

Creativity has gained increased significance by organizations in current time. Both individual and organizational factors contribute to it. This study explored the relationship between the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality and employee creativity. Emotional intelligence (EI) is presented as a moderator in the relationship between the FFM and employee creativity. Using random sampling approach, the study was conducted on 232 regular employees from three service sector organizations. Respondents consisted of both genders working at different levels. Regression analyses showed that three dimensions of the model (FFM), namely, conscientiousness, extraversion and openness to experience influenced employee creativity positively and significantly. In addition, moderated regression analysis revealed that EI significantly strengthened the relationships between the three dimensions of the FFM and creativity of employees. The insinuations of the study are explained.

Mother Phubbing and Adolescent Cyberbullying: The Mediating Role of Perceived Mother Acceptance and the Moderating Role of Emotional Stability

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052098390
Author(s):  
Jiahui Qu ◽  
Li Lei ◽  
Xingchao Wang ◽  
Xiaochun Xie ◽  
Pengcheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Indirect Path ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

Previous studies have found some risk factors of cyberbullying. However, little is known about how mother phubbing may influence adolescent cyberbullying, and the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship. “Phubbing,” which is a portmanteau of “phone” and “subbing,” refers to snubbing other people and focus on smartphones in social interactions. This study examined whether mother phubbing, which refers to being phubbed by one’s mother, would be positively related to adolescent cyberbullying, whether perceived mother acceptance would mediate the relationship between mother phubbing and adolescent cyberbullying, and whether emotional stability would moderate the pathways between mother phubbing and adolescent cyberbullying. The sample consisted of 4,213 Chinese senior high school students (mean age 16.41 years, SD = 0.77, 53% were female). Participants completed measurements regarding mother phubbing, cyberbullying, perceived mother acceptance, and emotional stability. The results indicated that mother phubbing was positively related to cyberbullying, which was mediated by perceived mother acceptance. Further, moderated mediation analyses showed that emotional stability moderated the direct path between mother phubbing and cyberbullying and the indirect path between mother phubbing and perceived mother acceptance. This study highlighted the harmful impact of mother phubbing on adolescents by showing a positive association between mother phubbing and adolescent cyberbullying, as well as the underlying mechanisms between mother phubbing and adolescent cyberbullying.

Pain intensity and physical performance among individuals with fibromyalgia in mid-to-late life: The influence of depressive symptoms

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532110092
Author(s):  
Dylan G Serpas ◽  
Laura Zettel-Watson ◽  
Barbara J Cherry
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
6 Minute Walk Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Minute Walk

This study investigated the mediating role of depressive symptoms among 147 middle-aged and older adults with FM in the relationship between pain intensity and 4 objective measures of physical performance: Fullerton Advanced Balance scale (FAB), 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), 30-Second Chair Stand (30SCS), and 8-Foot Up and Go Test (8FUPGT). Asymptotic mediation analyses revealed that depressive symptoms fully mediated the relationship between pain intensity and FAB (95% CI [−0.40, −0.10]) and 8FUPGT (CI [0.02, 0.11]) and partially mediated the relationship to 6MWT (CI [−9.15, −2.20]) and 30SCS (CI [−0.29, −0.06]). Findings support the evaluation of co-morbid depression in FM.

scholarly journals The role of self-construal in EFL vocabulary learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuko Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Technical College ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Learning Modes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Identified Regulation

AbstractVocabulary learning is often assigned as out-of-class learning, which learners need to autonomously initiate and be motivated to sustain. Under such learning modes, though independent learners may need less motivational scaffolding, learners who prefer a more interactive study environment may need to be provided with assistance to boost their motivation. Focusing on such personal determinants, this study examines the role of self-construal in vocabulary learning by employing self-determination theory. The participants were 155 engineering students from a Japanese technical college. Path and mediation analyses were performed based on vocabulary test scores and questionnaire responses. Results revealed that independent self-construal had a significant impact on more self-determined types of both motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation and identified regulation) and amotivation, but interdependent self-construal was statistically irrelevant to them, in the context of vocabulary learning. Furthermore, perceived autonomy and competence mediated the relationship between independent self-construal and motivation. These findings indicate that vocabulary learning motivation is shaped and regulated by self-construal and may be enhanced through support of the mediators.

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