Which are the possibilities of psychiatric liaison-consultation in dentistry? By the way a qualitative study on symbolic meanings reported by dentists on handling of dental-caries

Dental caries is the main oral disease and there is a possible psychological resistance from dentists to change clinical practice towards in sense of health promotion as opposite to invasive mechanical practice. We hypothesized that the discussion of their practice with mental health professionals, highlighting the humanist view in approaching patients, would imply reviewing usually invasive practices.ObjectiveTo understand the psychological meanings attributed by dentists to the treatment of dental caries considering the frequent invasive treatment.MethodClinical-qualitative method derived from qualitative designs proper to human sciences and applied in assistance settings. Sample composed of all available dentists (ten participants) within an area of basic health units of Piracicaba, Săo Paulo state. Semi-directed interview with open-ended questions, in-depth, was used. After full transcription of the interviews, qualitative content analysis was carried out, including floating readings to emerge core of meanings with consequent categorization for discussion.ResultsTwo categories show conflicts in the interpersonal relationship: psychological discomfort due to a perspective of care different from patient and presence of an ideologically vertical relationship. One category showed a successful approach: the patient through openness.ConclusionsThere were feelings of impotence in face of difficulties in interpersonal communication. It was possible to observe the influence of bio-power that weakens the possibility of empowering patients. In this way, a mechanical way of practice “saves” professionals from thinking about these human dilemmas. On the other hand, the liaison-consultation psychiatry, at primary care, allows dental professionals to have a personal affective support to rethink approaches on use of technology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Nanosilver fluoride as a caries arresting agent: A narrative review

Contemporary Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.51463/cpd.2021.47 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Mohammed Zameer ◽

◽

Sameen Badiujjama Birajdar ◽

Syed Nahid Basheer ◽

Syed Wali Peeran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Silver Ions ◽

Oral Disease ◽

Invasive Treatment ◽

Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽

Tooth Structure ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Lesion Level ◽

Contemporary Management ◽

Significant Attention

Dental caries is the most prevalent oral disease that continues to affect almost every country in the world. The contemporary management of dental caries focuses on non-restorative, non-invasive, and micro-invasive treatment approaches that arrest or reverse the caries process at a lesion level and reduce the loss of sound tooth structure. One of these approaches is the employment of caries arresting agents that possess antibacterial and remineralizing properties. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has drawn significant attention as an efficient caries arresting agent in children and adults. The major limitation with the use of SDF is the dark black staining of the carious tissue that compromises the esthetics. Silver ions are known for their antimicrobial effects, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have the added advantage that it increases the surface area for exposure to the microbes. Literature reports that AgNPs have antimicrobial potential against predominant cariogenic flora. It has led to the development of nanosilver fluoride (NSF), a new colloid based on AgNPs, chitosan, and fluoride. It has shown to overcome the clinical limitations of SDF as it does not cause carious lesion staining. However, the current scientific literature lacks a comprehensive review of the benefits of using NSF for caries prevention and arrest. Thus, the purpose of this paper was to review the studies and clinical trials on NSF as a caries arresting agent, including antibacterial actions and modulation of the demineralization-remineralization balance.

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Suicide on the Indian Subcontinent

Crisis ◽

10.1027//0227-5910.23.3.104 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 104-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Murad M. Khan

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Indian Subcontinent ◽

Interpersonal Relationship ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Formidable Challenge ◽

Causative Factors

Summary: The Indian subcontinent comprises eight countries (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Bhutan, and the Maldives) and a collective population of more than 1.3 billion people. 10% of the world's suicides (more than 100,000 people) take place in just three of these countries, viz. India, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan. There is very little information on suicides from the other four countries. Some differences from suicides in Western countries include the high use of organophosphate insecticides, larger numbers of married women, fewer elderly subjects, and interpersonal relationship problems and life events as important causative factors. There is need for more and better information regarding suicide in the countries of the Indian subcontinent. In particular, studies must address culture-specific risk factors associated with suicide in these countries. The prevention of this important public health problem in an area of the world with myriad socio-economic problems, meager resources, and stigmatization of mental illness poses a formidable challenge to mental health professionals, policy makers, and governments of these countries.

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Attitude of person living with psychosis towards MH professionals: A qualitative study

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1666 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s843-s843

Author(s):

K. Vaiphei ◽

P. Sreedaran ◽

V. Sathyanarayanan

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Relationship Building ◽

Negative Attitudes ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

People With Mental Illness ◽

Depth Interview ◽

Competing Interest ◽

The Relationship

AimsStudies investigating attitudes of people with mental illness are scarce. The aim of the present study was to investigate person living with psychosis on their attitudes and perception towards the mental health professionals in contact with mental health services.MethodsAn in-depth interview was used to explore their lived experiences and attitude towards mental health professionals.ResultsBoth negative and positive attitudes were prevalent among the patients. Most negative attitudes concerned on not giving time, the MHPs are most interested in financial gains. They felt attitude changes according to diagnosis, psychosis perceived as diagnosis with violence; they are more interested in protecting themselves, perception that treating symptoms and not cause of illness. On the contrary, they felt positive on the relationship and time given to them.Discussion and conclusions The PLWI's attitude to MHPs could be a product of the type of admission (forced upon), symptoms related or on the type of service settings. The present study is purely qualitative, single settings, could not be generalised. However it points on the need for sensitization of MHPs and relationship building oriented intervention.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Challenging MCMI-III Results With In-Depth Psychometric Assessment and Lacter & Lehmann (2008) Complex Trauma Guidelines

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1894 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S513-S513

Author(s):

R. Kurz

Keyword(s):

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Complex Trauma ◽

Psychometric Assessment ◽

Adult Survivor ◽

Twice Exceptional ◽

Work Related ◽

Ability Tests ◽

Personality Questionnaires ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Related Personality

IntroductionComplex trauma resulting from neglect and abuse in early childhood is frequently misdiagnosed.ObjectiveThis presentation shares emerging “best assessment practices” that help to differentiate complex trauma from Schizophrenia.AimsThe case study demonstrates that a wide-ranging psychometric assessment and the application of Lacter & Lehmann (2008) guidelines provide accurate results while MCMI-III results can be spurious.Method“Unbelievable” disclosures of an adult survivor prompted a search for scientific references, experiences in the survivor scene and historical examples. Work-related personality questionnaires, in-depth ability tests and Lacter & Lehmann (2008) guidelines were deployed to differentiate complex trauma from an erroneous diagnosis based largely on MCMI-III results.ResultsThe research identified measurement issues with the MCMI-III clinical personality questionnaire that generated spurious elevations on Narcissistic, Delusional and Paranoid scales. Work-related personality questionnaires provided much more useful information showing no “personality disorder” risks at all. WAIS results confirmed an earlier “Twice Exceptional” ability pattern with very high verbal IQ (95%ile) and extraordinarily poor auditory working memory (2nd%ile) i.e. a “Dyslexia” performance pattern. Lacter & Lehmann (2008) guidelines showed that none of the 42 schizophrenia indicators applied and only 1/3 of the complex trauma indicators.ConclusionMental health professionals must remain cognizant to the chilling notion that extreme abusers may “frame” victims in order to make them “appear” schizophrenic. As MCMI-III was developed originally for those seeking therapy, its use in forensic settings with the general population should be avoided. Tests do not diagnose people – people do!Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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POLA KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL BAGI KELUARGA BEDA AGAMA DI KECAMATAN KOTA RAJA, KOTA KUPANG

Harmoni ◽

10.32488/harmoni.v20i1.493 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 129-143

Author(s):

Hendrik A.E Lao ◽

Ezra Tari ◽

Merensiana Hale

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Communication ◽

Interpersonal Relationship ◽

Field Research ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Communication Effectiveness ◽

Way Of Life ◽

The Family ◽

Problems And Solutions ◽

The Right ◽

Family Harmony

This paper focuses on interpersonal communication in interfaith families. Interfaith families are smallunits of society whose members are of different religions. Differences are often a source of conflict between husband and wife, including religion. In the way of life of interfaith couples, different opinions about beliefs cause problems. Differences are still unavoidable in families married to different religions. Religious differences can lead to prolonged conflicts. Although different religions, of course, the family has the right to live in peace and happiness as a family in general. However, it is undeniable that interfaith families cannot last long. Therefore, efforts are needed for families to be able to live with each other accepting differences in terms of different religions. Communication is one of the efforts to maintain family harmony. Lack of communication can cause rifts in the household. The purpose of the study was to describe the effectiveness of interpersonal communication for families of different religions. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach. This approach seeks to find problems and solutions in the field. Research results in interpersonal communication are communication between individuals or between groups. Interpersonal communication will be more effective if the atmosphere is equal. That is, there must be a tacit acknowledgement that both parties are equally valuable and valuable. Husbands and wives have something important to contribute. In an interpersonal relationship characterized by equality, disagreement and conflict are seen as an attempt to understand differences. This communication helps in avoiding and reducing various problems and can share knowledge and experiences with family members. There are five general qualities of interpersonal communication effectiveness for interfaith families: 1) Openness, 2) Empathy, 3) Supportive Attitude, 4) Positive Attitude, 5) Equality.

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Evaluation of Salivary Interleukin-1ß Levels and Oral Health in Pakistani Male Smokers

10.53350/pjmhs211561158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 1158-1163

Author(s):

S. A. Hamza ◽

S. Asif ◽

S. A. H. Bokhari

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Low Income ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Saliva Sample ◽

Oral Disease ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Missing Teeth ◽

Significance Level ◽

Inflammatory Biomarker

Aim: Smoking induces changes in salivary inflammatory biomarker levels associated with oral diseases. This study status and explored association among salivary Interleukin-1β, oral diseases and smoking. Methods: Data of male smokers of a private institute recruited for a randomized clinical trial is analyzed for this paper. Demographic and systemic information were collected. Oral disease status was examined and saliva sample collected for IL-1β levels. IL-1β levels and other study variables were analyzed with respect to smoking status categorized into smoking years and cigarettes per day. The student's t-test and one-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis using SPSS version 22) with significance level of p≤0.050. Results: Analysis of baseline data of seventy-eight smokers showed elevated levels of IL-1β with increasing smoking, higher BMI. Smoking was higher among aged, married and low-income individuals. Pearson partial correlation analysis, after controlling age, marital status, education, income, and BMI, demonstrated a positive significant relationship of smoking per day with smoking years; dental caries with missing teeth and calculus; gingivitis with missing teeth and calculus; periodontitis with dental caries, calculus and gingivitis. Conclusion: This analysis demonstrates that levels of IL-1β were raised in smokers, however; there was no association with oral disease parameters. Large studies may be conducted to observe status and association of smoking, oral disease and salivary biomarkers. Keywords: Smoking, Oral Health, IL-1β, Males

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Oral Health and Nutrition

10.2310/im.9038 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Carole. A. Palmer ◽

Zhangmuge Cheng

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Oral Disease ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Oral Infections ◽

Surgeon General ◽

Optimal Health ◽

Health And Disease ◽

Oral Conditions

Oral diseases are among the most prevalent diseases affecting global health. In his report on the crisis in oral disease in America, the Surgeon General warned that one cannot be truly healthy without oral health. Oral health means freedom from all oral health problems; tooth decay (dental caries), periodontal diseases, tooth loss, oral-facial pain, oral cancer and the effects of its treatment, oral infections, craniofacial birth defects and more. The relationships between oral conditions and systemic health and disease are many and synergistic, and most involve dietary and/or systemic nutritional factors. Diet and nutrition can play important roles in the etiology, prevention, and/or management of oral conditions, as they do in overall health and disease. Today, all health professionals and educators need to be aware of and consider oral issues and their possible diet/nutritional implications as a component of optimal health care and education. This review article provides a brief overview of how diet and nutrition impact and are impacted by oral conditions, and offers general guidelines and resources for providing meaningful interventions throughout the life cycle. This review contains 3 figures, 3 tables, and 57 references Key Words: biofilm, cariogenic, dental caries, dental plaque, ECC-early childhood caries, lactobacillus, mucositis, non-cariogenic, periodontal disease, Streptococcus mutans

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Color/race inequalities in oral health among Brazilian adolescents

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/s1415-790x2009000300003 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 313-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

João Luiz Bastos ◽

José Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes ◽

Antonio Carlos Frias ◽

Maria da Luz Rosário de Souza ◽

Karen Glazer Peres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Oral Disease ◽

World Health ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Gingival Bleeding ◽

Untreated Dental Caries ◽

Oral Health Outcomes

This study assessed oral health outcomes (perceived dental treatment need, untreated dental caries, gingival bleeding, periodontal pockets, and pain in teeth and gums), in relation to color/race inequalities among adolescents in each Brazilian region. The database included dental examination and interview of 16,833 15-19-year-old adolescents, surveyed by the Brazilian health authority, from May 2002 to October 2003, in accordance with international diagnostic criteria standardized by the World Health Organization. Prevalence ratios estimated by Poisson regression, and controlled by socioeconomic status and access to fluoridated piped water, assessed oral health differentials among color/race groups and country's regions. Except for periodontal pockets, prevalence figures were higher in the North and Northeast: perceived dental treatment needs, untreated dental caries, gingival bleeding at probing and pain in teeth and gums varied between 80-83%, 75-76%, 38-43%, and 17-18%, respectively, in these regions. Adolescents living in the Southeast - the richest Brazilian region - presented a better general profile of oral health than their counterparts living in the remaining regions; they had a lower prevalence of untreated dental caries (54%) and unfavorable gingival status (29%). However, the Southeast presented color/race inequalities in all oral health outcomes, with a poorer profile systematically affecting browns or blacks, depending on the oral health condition under consideration. These results reinforce the need for expanding the amplitude of health initiatives aimed at adolescent oral health. Socially appropriate health programs should concurrently aim at the reduction of levels of oral disease and its inequalities.

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Role of online technology and social networking site at workplace

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.606 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s494-s494

Author(s):

H. Gupta

Keyword(s):

Internet Use ◽

Social Networking Site ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Online Technology ◽

Use Of Technology ◽

Pornography Use ◽

Pornography Addiction ◽

Private Sector Organizations ◽

Competing Interest

BackgroundInternet use has affected the pattern of working style at the workplace. Recent years have seen an increased use of online activities (especially pornography/gaming) at the workplace. It has been shown to affect productivity at the workplace. There is a dearth of literature from the Indian context in this area.AimThis study was conducted to explore the pattern of pornography use& gaming at the workplace and its dysfunctions. Setting and design: The present study was a cross-sectional prospective studyMaterials and methodsThe objective of the study was to assess the pattern of pornography use at the workplace. Five hundred employees having experience of Internet use for more than a year of various government/private sector organizations in Bengaluru were assessed using background data sheet, DSM V criteria, Internet addiction test & pornography addiction screening instrument. Users who were unwilling to participate were excluded from the study.ResultsSeven to nine percent reported preference for Internet to work, meals, personal hygiene, sleep, and interaction with family members and effects on productivity. Three to four percent have excessive use of pornography & game.ConclusionsThe present study has implications for evolving psychoeducational modules for the promotion of healthy use of technology.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

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Different forms of informal coercion in psychiatry – a qualitative study

10.21203/rs.2.17476/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Veikko Pelto-Piri ◽

Lars Kjellin ◽

Ulrika Hylén ◽

Emanuele Valenti ◽

Stefan Priebe

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Focus Group ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Focus Group Interviews ◽

Informal Coercion ◽

Group Interviews

Abstract Objectives The objective of the study was to investigate how mental health professionals describe and reflect upon different forms of informal coercion. Results In a deductive qualitative content analysis of focus group interviews, several examples of persuasion, interpersonal leverage, inducements, and threats were found. Persuasion was sometimes described as being more like a negotiation. Some participants worried about that the use of interpersonal leverage and inducements risked to pass into blackmail in some situations. In a following inductive analysis, three more categories of informal coercion was found: cheating, using a disciplinary style and referring to rules and routines. Participants also described situations of coercion from other stakeholders: relatives and other authorities than psychiatry. The results indicate that informal coercion includes forms that are not obviously arranged in a hierarchy, and that its use is complex with a variety of pathways between different forms before treatment is accepted by the patient or compulsion is imposed.

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