Development and investigating the effectiveness of an integrated school-based program for changing attitude toward substance abuse based on philosophy for children components and emotional intelligence

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S336-S336
Author(s):  
H. Rezaee ◽  
A. Shafiabady ◽  
Y. Ghaedi ◽  
A. Delavar ◽  
M. Esmaeili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Philosophy For Children ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
School Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes

BackgroundSubstance abuse in the youth is one of the major problems of any society. The research purpose was the development of a program for changing female adolescents’ attitude toward substance abuse and evaluating its effectiveness.MethodsTo develop the treatment, important variables influencing in shaping attitudes toward substance abuse were selected. Afterwards, structural equation modeling approach was conducted for examining the relationship among variables (emotional intelligence, critical thinking, caring thinking and reasoning) and identifying significant paths and variables. Based on these variables, a program developed for changing students’ attitudes. To evaluate effectiveness of programs a pretest-post test design with the control group was used. Random sampling was carried out for selecting 26 students attending senior high schools in district 2 of Tehran. Then, sample randomly assigned in experimental and control groups. Experimental group exposed to philosophy for children intervention in the form of community of inquiry. Control group didn’t receive the intervention. The data were collected from Nazari's questionnaire for attitude toward substance abuse.ResultsANCOVA revealed that based on a composite score of attitude toward substance abuse (adjusting pretest effect), there is a significant difference between two groups at 0.99 significance level (partial = 0.329, P < 0.001, = 11.28).ConclusionsIt is recommended that the school based program should be used for developing and strengthen the students’ attitude based on exploring itself, rather than simply giving awareness about substance abuse. In this treatment, rather than highlighting accumulating knowledge, put emphasis on, thinking, decision-making, and management of emotions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Reasoning, critical thinking and attitudes toward substance abuse in adolescence: Explaining the mediator role of emotional intelligence

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s861-s861
Author(s):  
H. Rezaei ◽  
A. Shafiabady ◽  
Y. Ghaedi ◽  
A. Delavar ◽  
M. Esmaeili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
School Students ◽  
Emotional Intelligence Inventory

IntroductionAdolescence is frequently described as a golden time for prevention of substance abuse.AimsThis study is aimed at determining the fit of structural equation modeling for change of attitude toward substance abuse based on the components of emotional intelligence (intrapersonal awareness, interpersonal awareness, adaptation, stress management, and general mood) and reasoning, critical thinking in female adolescents.Objectives and methodsThe data were collected in random multistage sampling from 800 senior high school students at 4 different regions of Tehran by using the Bar-on Emotional Intelligence Inventory, the adolescent-special revised inventory, Ricketts Critical Thinking Questionnaire, New Jersey Test of Reasoning Skills and Nazari's Questionnaire for Attitude toward Substance Abuse. In the 618 valid questionnaires were statistically analyzed.ResultsPath analysis and path coefficients in the structural equation model suggested that the strongest relation belongs to the reasoning skill, directly predicting attitude with a 61% level and also, has indirect, significant impacts on attitude through intrapersonal awareness, adaptation and stress management. The weakest relation belongs to general mood which, with a 21% level, predicts attitude toward substance abuse. Results of the fit indices in the final model also indicate that all indices are at a desirable level and the model has good fit to the data, implying that there is a linear relation between independent variables and between the moderating variables and a dependent variable.ConclusionsIt is reasonable to show the importance of attitude toward substance abuse in prevention programs for students.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals An Experimental Evidence on Eco-Friendly Advertisement Appeals and Intention to Use Bio-Nanomaterial Plastics: Institutional Collectivism and Performance Orientation as Moderators

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Hassan Raza ◽  
Umer Zaman ◽  
Moneeba Iftikhar ◽  
Owais Shafique
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Advertising Appeals ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Performance Orientation ◽  
Significant Difference

Plastic waste management has become a serious environmental and health concern owing to large amounts of plastic deposits globally. Recently, innovative and sustainable solutions have been introduced (e.g., bio-nanomaterial plastics) to overcome the growing environmental threats. Hence, green marketers need to develop effective advertising campaigns to enhance the usage of bio-nanomaterial plastics. Past literature has suggested that cultural value-laden advertising appeals can give sustainable behavioral cues to consumers. Hence, this research unfolds the underlying cultural dimensions between the value-laden eco-friendly advertising appeals and intention to use bio-nanomaterial plastics (henceforth IBP). The present study proposes a moderating model in which two dimensions presented in the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (henceforth GLOBE) framework interact with the individuals’ perception of eco-friendly advertising appeals (henceforth IPEA) to drive bio-nanomaterial plastics usage. The model was tested by conducting an experimental study on a sample of 364 Pakistani consumers. Findings of structural equation modeling show a significant difference in the relationship between IPEA and IBP, which is moderated by the performance orientation (henceforth PO) and institutional collectivism (henceforth IC) dimensions with diverse intensity. These findings validate the effectiveness of PO and IC (as cultural dimensions) and eco-friendly advertisements that can potentially promote the consumption of bio-nanomaterials plastic.

scholarly journals Validity and Internal Consistency of the Preschool-FLAT, a New Tool for the Assessment of Food Literacy in Young Children from the Training-To-Health Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2759
Author(s):  
Garden Tabacchi ◽  
Giuseppe Battaglia ◽  
Giuseppe Messina ◽  
Antonio Paoli ◽  
Antonio Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Food Literacy ◽  
Health Project

Background: The importance of assessing “food literacy” since youth has been highlighted and, to this purpose, valid and consistent instruments are needed. This study aimed to assess the validity and internal consistency of the preschool-FLAT (Food Literacy Assessment Tool). Methods. 505 children from 21 kindergartens, recruited within the Training-to-Health Project in Palermo (Italy), underwent oral sessions and activities on food-related aspects. Their knowledge/skills were recorded in the preschool-FLAT. The following scale measures were assessed: Content validity; internal consistency (Chronbach’s alpha coefficients); construct validity (Structural Equation Modeling—SEM); discriminant validity (intervention subgroup of 100 children vs. control group of 27 children). Results. Acceptable content validity of a 16-items scale and overall adequate internal consistency were revealed: Content validity index (CVI) 0.94, content validity ratio (CVR) 0.88, Chronbach’s alpha 0.76. The SEM revealed a 4-factor model fitting the data well (comparative fit index 0.939, root mean square error of approximation 0.033). Discriminant validity was good (intervention group scoring higher than control, p < 0.001, unpaired Student’s t-test). Conclusion. The preschool-FLAT revealed good psychometric properties, adequate validity and internal consistency. This is the only instrument in the literature specifically targeted to 3–6 years old children that could be effectively used to assess food literacy.

Gender Differences on Attitudes and Participation in an Extracurricular Gymnastics Course Among Greek University Students

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios C. Milosis ◽  
Athanasios G. Papaioannou ◽  
Theophanis A. Siatras ◽  
Miltiadis Proios ◽  
Michael Proios
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
University Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Voluntary Participation ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Path Structure ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

The aims of the study were (a) to test the effectiveness of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict Greek university students’ voluntary participation in an extracurricular gymnastics course, and (b) to evaluate gender differences. Two hundred sixty-three (127 female, 136 male) students participated in the study. Students’ attitudes, intention, and PBC were measured with a questionnaire and their attendance in the course was recorded by the teacher. Results from the MANOVA conducted showed that females had higher scores compared with males in all observed variables. Results from the structural equation modeling (SEM) employed supported the usefulness of TPB to explain students’ attitudes and behavior toward extracurricular physical activities (PA). Differences also emerged on path structure of the relationships among the variables.

Factors influencing integrated information management: Spatial data infrastructure in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 026666692110484
Author(s):  
Asmat Ali ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Munazza Jabeen ◽  
Zahir Ali ◽  
Syed Amer Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Retrieval Processes

Spatial data is one of the core components in all information retrieval processes for decision-making. Spatial data acquisition consumes enormous monetary resources and time. The Integrated Geospatial Information Framework (IGIF) provides a basis and guide for developing, integrating, strengthening, and maximizing geospatial information management and related resources in all countries. To this, governments all over the world are establishing national spatial data infrastructures (SDIs). However, such initiatives face a considerable amount of resistance as organizations often do not want to share their data assets. The present study investigates these barriers in the establishment of national SDI in Pakistan. The constraints studied through the IGIF pathways and past studies were adapted via a pilot study and conceptualized in a hypothesized model. We collected primary data via the administration of 520 questionnaire surveys to 280 public and private organizations. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to statistically confirm the conceptual model of the barriers to disseminating spatial data. The results indicate institutional barriers from the absence of national data policy, lack of specified roles of stakeholders, poor inter-organizational coordination, missing data-sharing policy, and weak organizational partnerships, with coefficients 0.26, 1.555, 1.305, 8.288, and 0.136, respectively, at the p < 0.001 significance level. The PLS-SEM R2 0.65 indicates a good explanatory power of the model. The methodology developed in the present study will allow devising more sustainable policies for spatial data management and dissemination in Pakistan and beyond.

INVESTIGATION OF ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS STUDYING AT THE FACULTY OF SPORT SCIENCES FIRAT UNIVERSITY TOWARDS SPORT TOURISM

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (39) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Barış Utku ÖZDEMİR ◽  
Ali Serdar YÜCEL
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Sport Tourism ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sports Tourism ◽  
Package Program ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Course Variables

Aim: This research was conducted to examine the attitudes of students studying at Fırat University Faculty of Sport Sciences towards sport tourism. Methods: 1091 students participated in the study. In order to examine the students' attitudes towards sports tourism, the attitude scale towards sports tourism (STYTÖ) developed by Kardaş and Sadık (2018) was used. The data obtained were evaluated in the SPSS 22.0 package program. Frequency, mean, standard deviation, one-wayAnova, independent t-test were used to analyze the data. The significance level of the statistics made was accepted as p <.05. Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was determined that the students' attitudes towards sports tourism were at a positive level and there were signifi-cant differences in terms of some variables (age, class, mother and father education level, branch, department, etc.) according to the sub-dimensions of the scale. It was deter-mined that there was no significant difference in terms of gender, marital status and sports tourism course variables. It is predicted that this research will provide an advantage in determining the attitudes of university students who receive sports education towards sports tourism and evaluating the issue in the sectoral field.

Effects of Relationship Enrichment Training on Improving Marital Satisfaction of Infertile Couples: A Randomized Control Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi ◽  
Khodayar Oshvandi ◽  
Masoumeh Rostami-Moez ◽  
Arezoo Shayan ◽  
Farideh Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Relationship Enrichment

Background: Infertility can cause low marital satisfaction. Marital satisfaction has an important effect on infertile couples’ health. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of relationship enrichment training on improving the marital satisfaction of infertile couples. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 50 infertile couples in the infertility center of Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan, Iran in 2018. Participants were matched for demographic characteristics and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (each group had 25 couples). Informed consent was obtained from all participants. The Enrich Marital Satisfaction questionnaire and demographic information were used to collect data before the study and two months after the intervention. Two trained midwifery students taught only the intervention group the relationship enrichment topics in seven sessions (each session = 90 minutes). The data were analyzed by SPSS Statistics version 21 using analysis of covariance, independent t-test, chi-square, and Mann–Whitney. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: There was no significant difference in demographic and obstetric information between the two groups (p >0.05). The mean of marital satisfaction in the intervention group significantly increased among women and men from 151.00 ±28.61 to 154.88 ±22.62 and from 152.56 ±27.33 to 159.24 ±22.14, respectively, (p <0.001). Conversely, the mean of marital satisfaction decreased among women and men from 158.13 ±13.86 to 146.25 ±19.53 and from 164.25 ±17.00 to 153.17 ±27.50 in the control group (p=0.02). Conclusion: Relationship enrichment training can be effective in promoting the marital satisfaction of infertile couples. Registration number: The National Center for Strategic Research in medical education, No. 960185.

Resorbable Collagen Barrier Impeding the Extrusion of Obturating Material in Primary Molars Undergoing Resorption – A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Mishra Neha Sanjeev ◽  
Harsimran Kaur ◽  
Sandeep Singh Mayall ◽  
Rishika ◽  
Ramakrishna Yeluri
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of placing a resorbable collagen barrier in impeding the extrusion of obturation material in primary molars undergoing resorption. Study design: All the 94 canals in 47 mandibular molars were allocated to 2 groups- Group ‘A’- 47 canals with collagen barrier (Test group) and Group ‘B’- 47 canals without collagen barrier (Control group) based on randomization protocol. Pulpectomy was performed and obturation of both test and control canals were radiographically assessed. Pearson’s chi – square test was applied to analyze the results. The significance level was predetermined at p &lt; 0.05. Results: Among the test group, 93.6% of the canals showed no extrusion while, 6.4% showed visible extrusion of the material outside the apex. In the control group, 83% showed no extrusion whereas 17% of the canals showed visible extrusion outside the apex. But no significant difference was noted (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: The placement of resorbable collagen barrier in the apical third of the canal prevented the extrusion of obturating material beyond the apex in resorbing primary molars.

Social Class, Classism, Stigma, and College Students’ Attitudes Toward Counseling

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 761-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na-Yeun Choi ◽  
Matthew J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Research University ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Public Research University ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Subjective Social Class

This study tested two competing theoretically and empirically derived models of college students’ attitudes toward seeking counseling. It extends the literature in this area by assessing the influence of objective and subjective social class, classism, and stigma on attitudes. We used structural equation modeling to analyze self-reported archival data from 2,230 incoming college students at a large, public research university in the Eastern United States. The results demonstrated the superiority of the direct and indirect effects of social class over the competing indirect effects model of social class. The results further indicated that objective social class related to attitudes toward seeking professional help indirectly through subjective social class, classism, and stigma. Finally, the results also showed that objective social class, subjective social class, and classism operated differently in the model. We discuss study limitations, future directions for research, and recommendations for practice.

Impact of the Content Characteristic of Short Message Service Advertising on Consumer Attitudes

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1409-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Lin ◽  
Xing Zhou ◽  
Zhankui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Short Message Service ◽  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Message Service ◽  
Attitudes Toward Advertising ◽  
Negative Effect

We examined the influence of the overall content characteristic of short message service (SMS) advertising on consumer attitudes toward advertising on mobile devices. Attitudes of 246 Chinese (145 women, 101 men) toward permission-based SMS advertising received on electronic products were measured using structural equation modeling. Results showed that of the 4 dimensions of the overall content characteristic, entertainment, informativeness, and credibility positively and significantly influenced the attitude of consumers, whereas irritation had a negative effect. In addition, the overall content characteristic significantly impacted on consumer attitudes, with advertising value playing a mediating role. Finally, the influencing path coefficients revealed a significant difference according to gender. The credibility dimension had a greater impact on attitude toward the overall content characteristic for women than for men. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

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