Antioxidant activities of alkannin, shikonin and Alkanna tinctoria root extracts in oil substrates

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical screening, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities from the roots and leaves of Leucas aspera. Methods: The phytochemical screening and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of root and leaf extracts were studied using standard methods. The disk diffusion method was performed to analyze the antimicrobial activity of aqueous extract, methanol extract and hexane extract of root and leaf against to selected bacterial and fungal strains. Antibiotics, streptomycin and nystatin were used as standards for bacteria and fungi, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and scavenging of H2O2 free radicals. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening of extracts exhibited the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, steroids flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, and phlobatannins. Leaf extracts exhibited effective antibacterial and antifungal activities compared with root extracts against all the tested bacteria and fungi. ME of the leaves exhibited highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (12.8±0.31 mm), followed by Bacillus subtilis (11.4±0.3 mm), Escherichia coli (9.8±0.21 mm), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.3±0.29 mm). Leaf extracts of L. aspera showed effective scavenging activity compared with root extracts. ME of the leaves showed maximum scavenging activities of 38.39 and 36.85%, respectively, against DPPH and H2O2 free radicals with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 136.17 and 142.42 μg/ml. Conclusion: Phytochemical analysis and FTIR spectrum revealed that different plant secondary metabolites particularly alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids could be responsible for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of L. aspera leaf extracts.

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Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Properties of Algerian Alkanna tinctoria aerial part Extracts

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v10i5.4349 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

Thoraya Guemmaz ◽

Lekhmici Arrar ◽

Abderrahmene Baghiani

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Iron Chelation ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Alkanna Tinctoria ◽

Dried Extract ◽

Β Carotene

Objective: Evaluation of the polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins contents of different aqueous extracts of the aerial part of Alkanna tinctoria and their antioxidant activities. Methodology: Three extracts; decoction, macerate and infusion of the aerial part of Alkanna tinctoria were prepared. The content of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins of the extracts was carried out and antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH (2,2’-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl), β-carotene bleaching and iron chelation tests. Results : The results showed that Infusion (Inf) was the richest in total polyphenols (189.66 ± 30.77 mg EGA / g of dried extract) and flavonoids (26.80 ± 8.37 mg EQ / g of dried extract). While the content of tannins is almost the same for Dec and Inf (40.27 ± 15.00, 40.25 ± 18.27 mg ETA / g of dried extract). Moreover, the two extracts Inf (IC50 of 0.09 ± 0.0015 mg / ml) and Dec (IC50 of 0.17 ± 0. 031 mg / ml) showed a very strong anti-radical activity towards the radical DPPH. In the β-carotene bleaching test, Inf and Dec showed a significant inhibitory activity of peroxidation with values of 100% and 99.8% and are more effective compared to BHT (98.15%). Dec and Mac showed strong chelating activity with IC50s of 0.003 ± 0.0002 mg / ml and 0.005 ± 0.00008 mg / ml respectively. These chelating activities remain higher than EDTA. Conclusion: It may be concluded that the extracts of the aerial part of Alkanna tinctoria exhibit significant both content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity. Keywords: Alkanna tinctoria, polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity.

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Phytochemical and Cytotoxic Screening of Selected Medicinal Plants (Byrsocarpus coccineus, Terminalia avicennioides and Anogeissus leiocarpus) Using Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) Lethality Assay

European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety ◽

10.9734/ejnfs/2020/v12i930284 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 60-71

Author(s):

C. E. Ukwade ◽

O. A. T. Ebuehi ◽

R. A. Adisa

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Root Extracts ◽

Anogeissus Leiocarpus ◽

Mineral Analyses

Three medicinal plants, were investigated based on their ethno-medicinal uses. Byrsocarpus coccineus (B.C), Terminalia avicennioides (T.A) and Anogeissus leiocarpus (A.L) are used traditionally in the treatment of various ailments in Nigeria. Proximate and mineral analyses were carried out on the leaf, stem and root of the three plants. Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of the aqueous, ethanol and pet ether (leaf, stem and root) extracts, of the three plants were determined and the extracts were subjected to cytotoxic screening using the in vivo brine shrimp lethality tests. The proximate and mineral analyses show appreciable dietary nutrients in the three plants. Phytochemical analyses of B.C, T.A and A.L (leaf, stem and root) extracts, showed the presence of bioactive compounds, such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroid and phenol. Antioxidant activities (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation and reducing power), increase in all the plant extracts in a dose dependent manner. The results of brine shrimp lethality tests indicate that plant extracts of B.C, T.A and A.L except A.L stem aqueous extract (130.72 µg/ml), T.A leaf aqueous (130.15 µg/ml) and root aqueous extracts were moderately cytotoxic, while the others were highly cytotoxic. B. coccineus leaf ethanol extract (17.31 µg/ml) was the most cytotoxic. The result shows that B. coccineus leaf ethanol extract has significant antioxidant activity and is cytotoxic to brine shrimp even at low concentration giving credence to its ethno-medicinal uses.

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