Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Properties of Algerian Alkanna tinctoria  aerial part  Extracts

Objective: Evaluation of the polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins contents of different aqueous extracts of the aerial part of Alkanna tinctoria and their antioxidant activities. Methodology: Three extracts; decoction, macerate and infusion of the aerial part of Alkanna tinctoria were prepared. The content of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins of the extracts was carried out and antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH (2,2’-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl), β-carotene bleaching and iron chelation tests. Results : The results showed that Infusion (Inf) was the richest in total polyphenols (189.66 ± 30.77 mg EGA / g of dried extract) and flavonoids (26.80 ± 8.37 mg EQ / g of dried extract). While the content of tannins is almost the same for Dec and Inf (40.27 ± 15.00, 40.25 ± 18.27 mg ETA / g of dried extract). Moreover, the two extracts Inf (IC50 of 0.09 ± 0.0015 mg / ml) and Dec (IC50 of 0.17 ± 0. 031 mg / ml) showed a very strong anti-radical activity towards the radical DPPH. In the β-carotene bleaching test, Inf and Dec showed a significant inhibitory activity of peroxidation with values of 100% and 99.8% and are more effective compared to BHT (98.15%). Dec and Mac showed strong chelating activity with IC50s of 0.003 ± 0.0002 mg / ml and 0.005 ± 0.00008 mg / ml respectively. These chelating activities remain higher than EDTA. Conclusion: It may be concluded that the extracts of the aerial part of Alkanna tinctoria exhibit significant both content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity. Keywords: Alkanna tinctoria, polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity.

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Effect of particle size on phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of Sargassum cristaefolium ethanol extract

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95769-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

E. S. Prasedya ◽

A. Frediansyah ◽

N. W. R. Martyasari ◽

B. K. Ilhami ◽

A. S. Abidin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Particle Size ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Particle Sizes ◽

Epicatechin Gallate ◽

Particle Size Reduction ◽

Phytochemical Composition

AbstractSample particle size is an important parameter in the solid–liquid extraction system of natural products for obtaining their bioactive compounds. This study evaluates the effect of sample particle size on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of brown macroalgae Sargassum cristaefolium. The crude ethanol extract was extracted from dried powders of S.cristeafolium with various particle sizes (> 4000 µm, > 250 µm, > 125 µm, > 45 µm, and < 45 µm). The ethanolic extracts of S.cristaefolium were analysed for Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), phenolic compound concentration and antioxidant activities. The extract yield and phytochemical composition were more abundant in smaller particle sizes. Furthermore, the TPC (14.19 ± 2.08 mg GAE/g extract to 43.27 ± 2.56 mg GAE/g extract) and TFC (9.6 ± 1.8 mg QE/g extract to 70.27 ± 3.59 mg QE/g extract) values also significantly increased as particle sizes decreased. In addition, phenolic compounds epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) concentration were frequently increased in samples of smaller particle sizes based on two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison analysis. These results correlate with the significantly stronger antioxidant activity in samples with smaller particle sizes. The smallest particle size (< 45 µm) demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity based on DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl assay and FRAP. In addition, ramp function graph evaluates the desired particle size for maximum phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity is 44 µm. In conclusion, current results show the importance of particle size reduction of macroalgae samples to increase the effectivity of its biological activity.

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Assessment of in vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Capacities of Medlar (Mespilus germanica)

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha47111325 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 384-389

Author(s):

Sebnem Selen ISBILIR ◽

Sevilay Inal KABALA ◽

Hulya YAGAR

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flower Bud ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Dpph Scavenging ◽

Β Carotene

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibitory effect of different parts of medlar including fruit, leaf and flower bud by using various in vitro methods, and also determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content in the samples. Ethanol extracts of medlar parts were prepared and their antioxidant activities were determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH•) scavenging and β-carotene bleaching methods. The leaf extract showed the strongest antioxidant activity. DPPHradical scavenging activity was in the order of BHA > leaf > bud > fruit. This ordering was the same for β-carotene bleaching activity, tocopherol > leaf > bud > fruit. The highest total phenolic (60.3 ± 1.69 mg GAE g-1 extract) and flavonoid (14.77 ± 1.15 mg QE g-1 extract) content were determined in leaf extract. For possible antidiabetic effects of extracts, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were investigated, the bud extract showed the highest inhibition activities among the all extracts.

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Antioxidant Properties of Ethanolic Extract from Ramulus mori (Sangzhi)

Food Science and Technology International ◽

10.1177/1082013209350277 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 435-444 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zuofa Zhang ◽

Jie Jin ◽

Liangen Shi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Superoxide Radical ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Hplc Method ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Dependent Manner

The antioxidant properties and total phenolic contents of four fractions of ethanolic extract from Ramulus mori were examined. Various experimental models including superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH) scavenging activity, metal chelating activity, and reducing power were used for characterization of their antioxidant activity. The four fractions showed various degrees of efficacy in each assay in a dose-dependent manner. The third fraction with the highest amount of total phenolics was the most potent antioxidant in all assays used. In addition, the most powerful compound (oxyresveratrol) was isolated and identified followed by on-line HPLC method and characterized by different spectral analysis. Oxyresveratrol exhibited impressive antioxidant activities in scavenging the superoxide radical, hydroxide radical, and DPPH. On the basis of the results obtained, Ramulus mori may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidant due to its significant antioxidant activity and oxyresveratrol may be the most powerful antioxidant in ethanolic extracts of Ramulus mori.

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Standardization ofTragopogon graminifoliusDC. Extract Based on Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2014/425965 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Mohammad Hosein Farzaei ◽

Mahnaz Khanavi ◽

Ghazaleh Moghaddam ◽

Farzaneh Dolatshahi ◽

Roja Rahimi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Ferulic Acid ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

Hplc Method ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Root Extract ◽

Coumaric Acid

Tragopogon graminifoliusDC. (TG), Compositae family, is traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases like gastrointestinal and hepatic disorders. The aim of the present study is to standardize extracts from TG used for preparation of different dosage forms in traditional Iranian medicine (TIM) based on phenolic compounds. For this purpose, total phenolic content and some phenolic compounds were determined in ethanolic extracts from aerial part and root of TG by HPLC method. Furthermore, antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH-HPLC methods. Caffeic acid, gallic acid,ρ-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and catechin were detected in root and aerial part of TG.ρ-Coumaric acid (6.357 ± 0.014 mg·g−1) was dominant phenolic compound in aerial part followed by ferulic acid (1.24 ± 0.018 mg·g−1). Also,ρ-coumaric acid (2.685 ± 0.031 mg·g−1) was highly abundant in root, followed by catechin (2.067 ± 0.021 mg·g−1). Antioxidant activity of root extract (460.45 ± 0.78 µg Vit.E.E·mL−1) was better than that of aerial part. Generally, phenolic compounds are one of the major constituents of TG and could be used as markers for standardization of dosage forms prepared from this plant. Also, TG demonstrated significant antioxidant activity using DPPH-HPLC method. Phenolic compounds of TG may be responsible for its marked antioxidant properties.

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Bioactivities of plant extracts collected in Halmahera, Indonesia: A bioprospection study of underexplored plant species

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY ◽

10.22146/ijp.1774 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 376-384

Author(s):

Marlin Megalestin Raunsai ◽

Kartika Dyah Palupi ◽

Ahmad Fathoni ◽

Andria Agusta

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Plant Species ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Agents ◽

Ethanolic Extracts ◽

Potential Sources ◽

Weak Antibacterial Activity

The discovery of new antibiotics to overcome the growing resistance problem as well as the discovery of new natural, safe antioxidants to combat oxidative stress are still urgently needed. Medicinal plants are known to produce potential therapeutic substances which are more biologically selective than synthetic compounds. Therefore, we explored the bioactivities of 35 ethanolic extracts from 24 underexplored plant species collected in Halmahera, to find potential sources for antibacterial and antioxidant agents. Dried plant parts were extracted using ethanol 96%. Thin layer chromatography-direct-bioautography (TLC-DB) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination were used to evaluate the antibacterial effect. Antioxidant activity was determined against DPPH using TLC-DB and microdilution assay. Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu’s method. The ethanolic extracts exhibited moderate to weak antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. However, the leaf extract of Elaeocarpus dolichostylus, Elaeocarpus multiflorus, and Psychotria celebica as well as the stem bark extract of Elaeocarpus dolichostylus, Cinnamomum sintoc, and Garcinia latissima displayed very strong antioxidant activities against DPPH with AAI values between 4.60 to 13.42. A strong correlation between TPC and antioxidant activity with r = 0.8712 was observed. Despite the moderate to weak antibacterial activity, eight underexplored plant species exhibit strong antioxidant activities. A high correlation between TPC and antioxidant activity indicating a prominent role of phenolic compounds in the plants’ antioxidant properties. These findings indicate that collected plants from Halmahera are potential to be studied and developed further as the potential sources for novel antioxidants.

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Antioxidant properties of Philippine Bignay (Antidesma bunius (Linn.) Spreng cv. ‘Common’) flesh and seeds as affected by fruit maturity and heat treatment

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.4(6).215 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 1980-1987

Author(s):

K.A.T. Castillo-Israel ◽

K.J.D. Sartagoda ◽

M.C.R. Illano ◽

L.E.L. Flandez ◽

M.C.M. Compendio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Total Anthocyanin ◽

Antioxidant Content ◽

Common Variety ◽

Ripe Stage

The effects of maturity (green-unripe, red-ripe, and purple-fully ripe) and heat treatment (blanching at 90±5°C for 2 mins and steaming at 105±5°C for 5 mins) on the antioxidant content and activity of Philippine bignay (Antidesma bunius (Linn.) Spreng cv. ‘common’) flesh and seeds were investigated. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total anthocyanin content (TAC) were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau assay, aluminum chloride assay, and pH differential technique, respectively, and the antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Results showed that the antioxidant content and activity of bignay increased with maturity. Fully ripe flesh and seeds were found to have the highest antioxidant content and activity regardless of the heat treatment applied. The TPC (8.06±0.15 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g), TFC (8.10±0.06 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g), TAC (4.07±0.03 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents (CGE)/L extract), and antioxidant activity (ABTS 10.37±0.04 , DPPH 9.60±0.10, FRAP 24.37±0.53 Trolox equivalents (TE)/g) of fully ripe seeds were superior when blanched. On the other hand, the TPC (40.73±0.04 mg GAE/g), TFC (31.54±0.15 mg QE/g), TAC (20.93±0.12 mg CGE/L extract), of fully ripe flesh were superior when not heat-treated while its antioxidant activity (ABTS 34.19±0.19, DPPH 14.01±0.02, FRAP 87.78±1.22 (TE)/g) was highest when blanched but did not vary significantly compared to unheated samples. This study suggested that bignay ‘common’ variety was a good source of antioxidants particularly the flesh at fully ripe stage. Blanching had shown to enhance its antioxidant activities.

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Comparison of Functional Components and Antioxidant Activity of Lycium barbarum L. Fruits from Different Regions in China

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24122228 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 2228 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Youyuan Lu ◽

Sheng Guo ◽

Fang Zhang ◽

Hui Yan ◽

Da-Wei Qian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Carotenoid ◽

Lycium Barbarum ◽

Phenolic Components ◽

Functional Components ◽

Zeaxanthin Dipalmitate ◽

Β Carotene

The fruit of Lycium barbarum L. (FLB) has been used as medicines and functional foods for more than 2000 years in East Asia. In this study, carotenoid, phenolic, flavonoid, and polysaccharide contents as well as the antioxidant activities of FLB from 13 different regions in China from a total of 78 samples were analyzed. The results showed that total carotenoid contents ranged from 12.93 to 25.35 mg β-carotene equivalents/g DW. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate was the predominant carotenoid (4.260–10.07 mg/g DW) in FLB. The total phenolic, total flavonoid, and total polysaccharide contents ranged from 6.899 to 8.253 mg gallic acid equivalents/g DW, 3.177 to 6.144 mg rutin equivalents/g DW, and 23.62 to 42.45 mg/g DW, respectively. Rutin content ranged from 0.1812 to 0.4391 mg/g DW, and ferulic acid content ranged from 0.0994 to 0.1726 mg/g DW. All of these FLB could be divided into two clusters with PCA analysis, and both individual carotenoids and total carotenoid contents could be used as markers for regional characterization. The phenolic components were the main substance for the antioxidant activity of FLB. Considering the functional component and antioxidant activities, FLB produced in Guyuan of Ningxia was the closest to Daodi herbs (Zhongwei of Ningxia), which is commercially available high quality FLB. The results of this study could provide guidance for comprehensive applications of FLB production in different regions.

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Evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of latex and extracts of Euphorbia monostyla

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407216999201208204839 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Ameneh Mohammadi ◽

Parastoo Zarghami Moghaddam ◽

Seyed Ahmad Hashemi ◽

Peiman alesheikh ◽

Jamal Kasaian

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Solvent Polarity ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Skin Infections ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Beneficial Uses ◽

Percentage Yield

Objective:: Euphorbia is a plant from the Euphorbiaceae family and it has traditionally been used to treat gonorrheal, respiratory tract infection, skin infections and malaria. The aim of present study was to evaluate of antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of latex and extracts of Euphorbia monostyla. Materials and Methods:: antimicrobial activity was studied by Disc-well diffusion and MIC-MBC methods, also its antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP methods. Total phenolic content was evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Results:: It is displayed as a result of work that solvent polarity will play a key role to increase phenolic solubility. Methanol extract gave the highest percentage yield and ethyl acetate resulted to the lowest percentage yield. The antimicrobial test showed that whole extracts had no beneficial uses on microorganisms in compare of antibiotics types. Analysis of antioxidant assays revealed that aqueous and methanol extracts had highest antioxidant properties. Conclusion:: whole extracts had any beneficial uses on microorganisms in compare of antibiotics types but aqueous extract of E. monostyla had moderate antioxidant activity and may contain valuable active compounds. This work is the first study about E. monostyla and further study is suggested to isolate its active compounds.

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Mineral Composition, Phenolic Content, and In Vitro Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous and Organic Extracts of Haloxylon scoparium Aerial Parts

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/9011168 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Nacima Lachkar ◽

Fatima Lamchouri ◽

Khadija Bouabid ◽

Mohamed Boulfia ◽

Souad Senhaji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Mineralogical Analysis ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Phytochemical Study

Haloxylon scoparium is a plant widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Hence, this study focuses on the mineralogical and chemical composition and evaluation of the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of the aerial part of this species. The mineralogical analysis was done by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The phytochemical study consisted in the preparation of different extracts from the aerial part by aqueous and organic extraction using Soxhlet and cold maceration. Then, phytochemical screening was performed on the plant powder and on the extracts, which is completed by spectrophotometric quantification of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and catechic tannins. The evaluation of antidiabetic activity was done by three enzymes: a-amylase, a-glucosidase, and ß-galactosidase, and that of antioxidant activity was done by five methods: H2O2, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and reducing power (RP). Mineralogical analysis revealed the presence of iron, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, copper, calcium, strontium, selenium, and zinc. The studied part is rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, catechic tannins, and saponins. The methanolic extract is rich in total polyphenols (161.65 ± 1.52 Ug EAG/mg E), and the ethyl acetate extract has high levels of catechic tannins (23.69 ± 0.6 Ug EC/mg E). In addition, the decoctate expresses a high flavonoid content of 306.59 ± 4.35 Ug EQ/mg E. The in vitro evaluation of the antidiabetic activity showed that the decoctate has a higher inhibitory capacity on a-glucosidase (IC50 = 181.7 ± 21.15 ug/mL) than acarbose (IC50 = 195 ± 6.12 ug/mL). The results of the antioxidant activity showed that the methanolic extract and the decoctate present a percentage of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging (20.91 ± 0.27 and 16.21 ± 0.39%) higher than that of ascorbic acid (14.35 ± 0.002%). Positive correlations obtained between the total polyphenol content and the antioxidant activity of the extracts were studied. A positive correlation of a-amylase inhibitory activity was also recorded with the antioxidant activity tests.

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In-Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Ruta montana L. Extracts

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v10i2.3919 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 69-75

Author(s):

Mounira Merghem ◽

Saliha Dahamna

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Ruta Montana ◽

Β Carotene

The aim of this study is to evaluate in vitro antioxidant activities of Ruta montana L. extracts. This activity was evaluated by three methods : DPPH (2, 2'-diphenyl- 1- picrylhydrazy), bleaching of β-carotene and chelation of ferrous iron. Results showed that ethyl acetate extract (EAE) represents the highest amount of total polyphenols, tannins and flavonoids with 257,1 ± 0,703µg gallic acid equivalent/mg of extract, 251 ± 1.41 µg tannic acid equivalent /mg of extract,117,4 ± 3,451 µg quercetin equivalents/mg of extract, 139,5 ± 4,107 µg rutin equivalents/mg of extract, respectively. In the DPPH assay, ethyl acetate extract showed the higher scavenging capacity (IC50 = 0.044 ± 0.001 mg/ml) followed by methanol, aqueous and chloroform extract. Whereas, AqE showed the best chelating effect and the best inhibitory capacity of the coupled oxidation of linoleic acid/ β-carotene. Keywords: Ruta montana L; polyphenols; antioxidant activity; free radical scavenging.

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