Role of fumonisin B1 on the immune system, histopathology, and muscle proteins of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

White shrimps are susceptible to outbreaks of vibriosis because they do not have any adaptive immune system, they only have a non-specific innate immune system. The administration of EPS from microalgae Porphyridium cruentum (synonym: P. purpureum) on shrimps Litopenaeus vannamei was investigated to determine the effect of this immunostimulant on their non specific immune response and to test if EPS can be used as a protective agent for shrimp related to Vibrio infection. EPS was given to shrimps by immersion method on day 1 and booster on day 8. Shrimp hemocytes were taken on day 1 (EPS administration), day 7 (no treatment), day 8 (EPS booster) and day 9 (Vibrio infection) and tested for their immune response on each treatment. Result shows an increase in values of all immune parameters in line with the increasing EPS concentration, except the Differential Haemocyte Count (DHC). In detail, an increase was noted in total hemocytes (THC) value, Phagocytotic Activity (PA), Respiratory Burst (RB) in line as the EPS concentration increase. Although there is a decrease after the infection, the value obtained is not lower than the control value. These results indicate that EPS from Porphyrydium enhances immune parameters in shrimp rapidly and has the ability as an immunostimulant or an immunomodulator. It is a good modulator for the non specific immune cells of Pacific white shrimps, and it can be used as a preventive agent against Vibrio.

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The role of delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDh) in the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during biotic and abiotic stress

Aquatic Toxicology ◽

10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.12.016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 208 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

QingJian Liang ◽

XuJian Wu ◽

Pan Yang ◽

JinRong Kong ◽

Wei Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stress ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽

The Pacific

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The Role of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Litopenaeus vannamei During the Maturation of a Biofloc System

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse7070228 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 228 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Llario ◽

Falco ◽

Sebastiá-Frasquet ◽

Escrivá ◽

Rodilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Immune System ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Probiotic Bacterium ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Bacterium Bacillus

Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture production system which uses microorganisms to maintain water quality and to increase productivity. In this system, probiotics can enhance the positive effects of bioflocs on the cultured species. The objective of this research is to study the role of the probiotic bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens during the formation of a biofloc system for the culture of Litopenaeus vannamei. Two doses of probiotic were assayed and applied directly to the water. The experiment was developed in nine tanks distributed as follows: Three control tanks with no probiotic, three tanks with a probiotic dose of 103 cfu/mL, and three tanks with a dose of 104 cfu/mL. Water quality, microbial activity, growth parameters and the immune system state of shrimps were monitored throughout the maturation process. The results indicate a positive effect upon the shrimp immune system throughout the study period, where specifically there was an increase in granular hemocytes in the shrimp hemolymph. During the immature biofloc phase, granular hemocytes were 5% higher in tanks supplemented with the probiotic. During the mature biofloc phase, granular hemocytes were 7% higher in those same tanks. During the maturation of the biofloc, environmental conditions are more unfavorable for shrimp growth, due to the accumulation of nitrites. So, the effect of the probiotic is especially important during this stage when the shrimp are stressed and are more vulnerable to diseases. However, the effects on microbial activity, water quality and Litopenaeus vannamei growth did not increase the benefits of the biofloc system.

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Molecular effects of mannanase-hydrolyzed coprameal to intestinal immunity in the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

10.1101/2021.02.16.431529 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wanilada Rungrassamee ◽

Sopacha Arayamethakorn ◽

Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri ◽

Shih-Chu Chen ◽

Eric Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

Control Diet ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Control Group ◽

Intestinal Immunity ◽

Toll Like Receptor ◽

Transcript Levels ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractTo mitigate disease outbreak, an alternative approach through enhancing shrimp immunity was explored. Mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) have been previously reported to enhance shrimp immune system. Here, coprameal samples were digested with mannanase to yield MOS, namely, mannanase-hydrolyzed coprameal (MCM) and feasibility of MCM as shrimp immunostimulant in grow-out ponds was determined. Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) were fed with the commercial diet containing 1% MCM as the MCM-supplemented group and compared to the non-MCM control diet. There was no significant difference in survival rates between the MCM-supplemented and the control groups throughout the 4-month-period of the trial (p > 0.05). Gene expression analysis in shrimp intestines revealed that the transcript levels of antimicrobial peptides (anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform 1 (alf1), penaeidin (pen3a) and crustin (crus)) and lysozymes (lyz) were not significantly different in the MCM-supplemented group. Meanwhile, C-type lectin and toll-like receptor transcript levels, whose gene products play roles as pattern recognition proteins, were significantly higher in a group fed with MCM for 2- and 4-month periods than those of the control group (p < 0.05). The increased transcript levels of C-type lectin and toll-like receptor provide evidence for potential implementation of MCM as feed supplement to modulate shrimp immune system.

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Transcriptome of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei induced with rapamycin reveals the role of autophagy in shrimp immunity

Fish & Shellfish Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.fsi.2018.12.039 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 86 ◽

pp. 1009-1018 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Wenlin Wu ◽

Xiaosi Lin ◽

Cuifang Wang ◽

Jiaying Ke ◽

Lei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

White Shrimp

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Effect of inulin and fulvic acid on survival, growth, immune system, and WSSV prevalence in Litopenaeus vannamei

Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research ◽

10.3856/vol43-issue5-fulltext-11 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 912-921

Author(s):

Anayeli Gutiérrez-Dagnino ◽

Antonio Luna-González ◽

Jesús A. Fierro-Coronado ◽

Píndaro Álvarez-Ruíz ◽

María del Carmen Flores-Miranda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Immune System ◽

Fulvic Acid ◽

Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽

High Viral Load ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Toll Receptor ◽

Genetic Level ◽

Biochemical Level ◽

Immune Related Genes

The effect of inulin and fulvic acid, added in the feed, on growth, survival, WSSV prevalence, and immune system was studied in Litopenaeus vannamei. To the above, a bioassay, with treatments in triplicate, was performed to test different additive concentrations. WSSV analysis was done in organisms infected with a relatively high viral load using single and nested PCR. At the end of the bioassay, hemolymph was extracted and the immune system was studied in hemocytes at biochemical and genetic level (quantitative PCR). The final growth was similar in all treatments and survival was between 66,7% and 93,3%. WSSV prevalence decreased 13% as compared to control. The number of hemocytes, phenoloxidase activity, and superoxide anion concentration were similar in all treatments. Inulin and fulvic acid modulated the expression of transglutaminase, superoxide dismutase, and prophenoloxidase genes, but not the Toll receptor. Additives do not negatively affect growth of white shrimp and they protect them against WSSV when infected with a relatively high viral load. Additives did not affect the immune system effectors studied at biochemical level but they modulated the expression of some immune-related genes in L. vannamei.

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