Patterns and determinants of treatment completion and default among newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy patients: A retrospective cohort study

Abstract Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease with a variable therapeutic response. To design effective treatment strategies for epilepsy, it is important to understand treatment responses and predictive factors. However, limited data are available in Africa, including Ethiopia. The aim of this study was therefore to assess treatment response and identify prognostic predictors among patients with epilepsy at Jimma university medical center, Ethiopia. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 404 newly diagnosed adult epilepsy patients receiving antiepileptic treatment between May 2010 and May 2015. Demographic, clinical, and outcome data were collected for all patients with a minimum follow-up of two years. Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify predictors of poor seizure remission. Overall, 261 (64.6%) of the patients achieved seizure remission for at least one year. High number of pre-treatment seizures (adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.49–0.83) and poor adherence (AHR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.44–0.75) were significant predictors of poor seizure remission. In conclusion, our study showed that only about two-thirds of patients had achieved seizure remission. The high number of pre-treatment seizures and non-adherence to antiepileptic medications were predictors of poor seizure remission. Patients with these characteristics should be given special attention.

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Risk of stroke in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a retrospective cohort study

Hematological Oncology ◽

10.1002/hon.2340 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 726-733 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gin-Yi Lee ◽

Yu-Ting Lee ◽

Chiu-Mei Yeh ◽

Pei Hsu ◽

Ting-Wei Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Newly Diagnosed

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Role of BMI and age in predicting pathologic vertebral fractures in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients: A retrospective cohort study

Hematological Oncology ◽

10.1002/hon.2486 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 407-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yi-Lun Chen ◽

Yao-Chung Liu ◽

Chia-Hung Wu ◽

Chiu-Mei Yeh ◽

Hsun-I Chiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Vertebral Fractures ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Newly Diagnosed

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Risk of Psychiatric Disorders Following Primary Sjögren Syndrome: A Nationwide Population-based Retrospective Cohort Study

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.141361 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (7) ◽

pp. 1203-1208 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Cheng-Che Shen ◽

Albert C. Yang ◽

Benjamin Ing-Tiau Kuo ◽

Shih-Jen Tsai

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Sleep Disorder ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Population Based ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Primary Sjögren Syndrome

Objective.Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease. A clear temporal causal relationship between pSS and psychiatric disorders has not been well established. We used a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study to explore the relationship between pSS and the subsequent development of psychiatric disorders.Methods.We identified subjects who were newly diagnosed with pSS between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2008, in the Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) Research Database. A comparison cohort was constructed for patients without pSS. There were 2686 patients with pSS and 10,744 matched controls observed until diagnosed with psychiatric disorders or until death, withdrawal from the NHI system, or December 31, 2009. The Institutional Review Board of Taipei Veterans General Hospital approved this study (2012-12-013BC).Results.The adjusted HR of depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and sleep disorder in subjects with pSS were significantly higher at 1.829, 1.856, and 1.967 than those of the controls during the followup. We found that pSS might increase the risk of subsequent newly diagnosed depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and sleep disorder that may impair life quality.Conclusion.Our findings highlight the need for psychiatric evaluation and intervention for patients with pSS.

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Association between CVDs and initiation and adherence to statin treatment in patients with newly diagnosed hypercholesterolaemia: a retrospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045375 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. e045375

Author(s):

In Sun Ryou ◽

Jooyoung Chang ◽

Joung Sik Son ◽

Ahryoung Ko ◽

Seulggie Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

National Health ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Statin Treatment ◽

Health Screening ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Late Initiation

ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and initiation and adherence to statin treatment for primary prevention of CVD in patients with newly diagnosed hypercholesterolaemia.DesignA population-based retrospective cohort study.SettingThis study used National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) from Republic of Korea.ParticipantsThis study included 11 320 participants without previous history of CVD aged between 40 and 79 years who had elevated total cholesterol level (more than 240 mg/dL) and had initiated statin treatment within 24 months of the national health screening from 2004 to 2012 identified in the NHIS-HEALS.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome, CVD, was defined as first-ever admission or death due to ischaemic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, revascularisation or stroke, or December 31 2013. The HRs of CVD according to statin adherence were calculated according to stratification by Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation.ResultsEarly statin initiation significantly lowered risk of CVD outcomes compared with late initiation (HR of late statin user, 1.24; 95% CI 1.02 to 2.51). Among early initiators, statin discontinuers had a significantly higher risk for CVD compared with persistent users (HR, 1.71; 95% CI 1.10 to 2.67), while statin reinitiators had an attenuated risk increase (HR 1.34, 95% CI 0.79 to 2.30).ConclusionsAmong statin users with newly diagnosed hypercholesterolaemia, early statin initiation is associated with lower CVD risk compared with late initiation. Furthermore, statin discontinuation is associated with increased risk of CVD, but reinitiation attenuated the risk.

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