scholarly journals Virtual Storage Plant Aggregating Electrical Energy Storages and HVAC Systems Providing Regulating Reserve and Voltage Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Tongmao Zhang ◽  
Alessandra Parisio
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Hvac Systems ◽  
Virtual Storage

scholarly journals Power Generation and Voltage Regulation of 132KV Karbala Grid using DFIG Wind Turbine Generator

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Qasim Kamil Mohsin ◽  
Xiangning Lin ◽  
Owolabi Sunday ◽  
Asad Waqar
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
And Control

Due to increasing demand on electrical energy in Iraq and to have clean energy that is environmental friendly, wind energy would be one of the most important and promising sources of renewable energy to achieve this goal. This paper discussed the reasons to use the Doubly-Feed Induction Generator (DFIG) amongst the available types of wind turbine generators, and in section (4) illustrate Motivations to select place to the wind farm construction. using decupling method (the vector control strategy) to change reactive power of DFIG 2MW connected to middle of the 132KV transmission line (Karbala north – Alahkader) without effect about the active power generated from DFIG itself with fixed wind speed value assumed to provide the voltage regulation, and control of the transmission line In addition to power generating. By using PSCAD/EMTDC, different simulation results are presented based on various scenarios.

scholarly journals Impact of the hybrid reactive power compensator on the power grid used a fuzzy PI regulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Abdelkader Rahmouni
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transport ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Pi Regulator ◽  
Voltage Distortion ◽  
The Face ◽  
Reactive Power Compensator

The work presented in this article is a contribution to the problem of controlling reactive powers and voltages in an electrical network. Among these control tools, the static reactive power compensator (SVC) was chosen because of its simplicity of control. SVC is one of the Alternative Flexible Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices which help to solve the problems encountered in the operation of electrical networks, either on the distribution side or on the transport side. To increase its compensation efficiency in the face of harmonic currents which cause voltage distortion, we have introduced a three-phase harmonic filter. This new hybrid SVC is used to control the reactive power, the voltage and in addition to reduce the voltage distortion and the correction of the power factor in the electrical energy transport network. In order to improve its efficiency, two voltage regulation systems have been chosen in the control system for this compensator, the fuzzy PI regulator and the PIP regulator.

Enhancement of Power Quality by an Application FACTS Devices

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Flexible Ac Transmission ◽  
Facts Devices ◽  
Ac Transmission ◽  
Series Capacitor

<p>The paper narrates widespread use of electrical energy by modern civilization has necessitated producing bulk electrical energy economically and efficiently. The Flexible AC Transmission system (FACTS) is a new technology based on power electronics, which offers an opportunity to enhance controllability, stability, and power transfer capability of AC transmission systems. Here SVC has been developed with the combination of TCSC and TCR. The paper contains simulation models of Thyristor controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) and Thyristor controlled Reactor (TCR)-based Static VAR Compensator (SVC) which are the series and shunt Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices. The fact devices are designed by considering the line losses and their stability. The design and simulations of TCSC and TCR-based SVC shows the effectiveness of result using the MATLAB/Simulink. The designed system will try to reduce the voltage drops and electrical losses in the network without the possibility of transient especially in case of long transmission system. Student feedback indicates that this package is user-friendly and considerably effective for students and researchers to study theory of controlled reactor compensators, series capacitor compensator, and the reactive power control and voltage regulation..</p>

scholarly journals SIMULASI PELIMPAHAN BEBAN SISTEM PMT KOPEL TO KOPEL PADA SAAT PEMELIHARAAN TRAFO BERBASIS ARDUINO MEGA 2560 MENGGUNAKAN VT SCADA 11.2

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizki Samputro ◽  
Arkhan Subari
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Current Transformer ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Voltage Difference ◽  
Coupling System ◽  
Tap Changer ◽  
Transformer Sensor ◽  
Sensor Voltage

Mochammad Rizki Samputro, Arkhan Subari in this paper explains that the need for electricity in everyday life demands PT. PLN to always maintain the distribution of electrical energy to customers. Therefore, it is necessary to use a strategy to prevent blackouts if the transformer is being maintained, that is by maneuvering the load through the network or by using a 20 KV coupling system. The 20 KV Coupling System consists of PMT Kopel Transformer 1 and PMT Kopel Transformer 2 or often called PMT Kopel to Kopel. In this research, a Kopel to Kopel PMT simulation tool is used to transfer transformer loads during maintenance using a LY2N DPDT 12 V relay, ZMCT103C current transformer sensor, voltage sensor, tap changer and use Arduino Mega 2560 as a delivery choice change. After the experiment, the total current size of transformer 1 and transformer 2 exceeds the capacity of transformer which is 4.29 A and the voltage difference is 0.71 V (5.9 %). Therefore it is necessary to adjust the current and voltage regulation so that it becomes 2.82 A and 0.06 V (0.5 %). After that the transfer of load Transformer 2 to Transformer 1 using PMT Kopel to Kopel can be done. The load transfer is done by entering the PMT Kopel 1 and PMT Kopel 2 simultaneously and the Incoming 2 PMT is released. For the normalization, PMT Incoming 2 is entered and PMT Kopel 1 and Kopel 2 are released simultaneously.

scholarly journals Modelling and Simulation of Fuel Cell Dynamics for Electrical Energy Usage of Hercules Airplanes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Radmanesh ◽  
Seyed Saeid Heidari Yazdi ◽  
G. B. Gharehpetian ◽  
S. H. Fathi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Control Flow ◽  
Cell Dynamics ◽  
Hydrogen Storage System

Dynamics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) with hydrogen storage system for generating part of Hercules airplanes electrical energy is presented. Feasibility of using fuel cell (FC) for this airplane is evaluated by means of simulations. Temperature change and dual layer capacity effect are considered in all simulations. Using a three-level 3-phase inverter, FC’s output voltage is connected to the essential bus of the airplane. Moreover, it is possible to connect FC’s output voltage to airplane DC bus alternatively. PID controller is presented to control flow of hydrogen and oxygen to FC and improve transient and steady state responses of the output voltage to load disturbances. FC’s output voltage is regulated via an ultracapacitor. Simulations are carried out via MATLAB/SIMULINK and results show that the load tracking and output voltage regulation are acceptable. The proposed system utilizes an electrolyser to generate hydrogen and a tank for storage. Therefore, there is no need for batteries. Moreover, the generated oxygen could be used in other applications in airplane.

scholarly journals Phase-Shifting Transformer Efficiency Analysis Based on Low-Voltage Laboratory Units

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5049
Author(s):  
Paweł Albrechtowicz
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Phase Shifting

Phase-shifting transformers are effective elements used to control power flows in many power systems. Their positive influence on power flows has been proved in the literature. However, the efficiency of phase-shifting transformers has not been analyzed, especially not with regard for their various types. This study is therefore focused on the efficiency question with respect to electrical energy parameters. Research was performed on a laboratory phase-shifter unit with longitudinal and quadrature voltage regulation, and then these results were correlated to the simulation model equivalent. Laboratory transformer parameter data were used to prepare asymmetrical and symmetrical phase-shifting transformer simulation models. Simulation results were then used to compare the electrical properties and efficiency of all the types of phase-shifting transformer considered. All phase-shifting transformer types had a significant impact on the transmitted active power, but each type had different features. The symmetrical unit had the lowest power losses and a stable output voltage level compared to the asymmetrical one, which increased the output voltage, while the quadrature voltage also grew. These features must be considered, taking into account power system conditions such as the voltage variability profile and active power transfer demand. In this study, we propose the construction of an asymmetrical controllable phase-shifting transformer in order to achieve flexible control.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengaruh Pengaturan Sudut Penyalaan Thyristor Pada Tegangan Eksitasi Terhadap Keluaran Daya Reaktif Generator di PT.PJB PLTU Gresik Unit 3

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Rachmat Sutjipto ◽  
Ika Noer Syamsiana ◽  
Widya Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Interconnection Network ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Excitation System ◽  
Power Limit ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Generator Output

The process of changing mechanical energy into electrical energy is carried out by a synchronous generator using an excitation system that functions to supply a DC source to the generator field winding. In this study, the excitation system used is a static excitation system that uses a transformer and several thyristors connected in a bridge configuration. The excitation system is then implemented on a generator with a capacity of 200 MVA / 15 kV using the MATLAB Simulink R2017b simulation. By using the above circuit, the thyristor ignition angle setting can be adjusted so that it can adjust the excitation voltage and obtain the appropriate excitation current to maintain the stability of the generator output voltage. The simulation was carried out with variations in generator load and using 2 different types of excitation settings. The first setting is to set the thyristor ignition angle to 30° with t=10 ms, at this setting the generator can maintain a stable V out value with a voltage regulation limit of ±5% and the reactive power that can be generated by the generator is +50 MVAr and - 40 MVAr. When given a constant excitation at an angle of 35° with t=1 ms, the value of Vout exceeds the expected regulatory limit and the resulting reactive power limit is between +60 MVAr and -100 MVAR where the reactive power does not match the load requirements. This can have an impact on the interconnection system, namely when the reactive power of the generator is greater than the load requirement, the generator with a smaller reactive power will absorb reactive power in the interconnection system and can disrupt the stability of the interconnection network.

Reduction of structural vibrations with the piezoelectric stacks ring

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 729-736
Author(s):  
Jincheng He ◽  
Xing Tan ◽  
Wang Tao ◽  
Xinhai Wu ◽  
Huan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Control ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Structural Vibrations ◽  
Rotor Systems ◽  
Fea Model ◽  
Piezoelectric Stacks ◽  
Shunt Damping ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Euler Bernoulli Beam

It is known that piezoelectric material shunted with external circuits can convert mechanical energy to electrical energy, which is so called piezoelectric shunt damping technology. In this paper, a piezoelectric stacks ring (PSR) is designed for vibration control of beams and rotor systems. A relative simple electromechanical model of an Euler Bernoulli beam supported by two piezoelectric stacks shunted with resonant RL circuits is established. The equation of motion of such simplified system has been derived using Hamilton’s principle. A more realistic FEA model is developed. The numerical analysis is carried out using COMSOL® and the simulation results show a significant reduction of vibration amplitude at the specific natural frequencies. Using finite element method, the influence of circuit parameters on lateral vibration control is discussed. A preliminary experiment of a prototype PSR verifies the PSR’s vibration reduction effect.

Utilization of electrical charges in the pores of tofu waste for hydrogen production in water

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-135
Author(s):  
I. N. G. Wardana ◽  
N. Willy Satrio
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Positive Charge ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Sensor ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Partial Charge ◽  
Delocalized Electron ◽  
Water Hydrogen

Tofu is main food in Indonesia and its waste generally pollutes the waters. This study aims to change the waste into energy by utilizing the electric charge in the pores of tofu waste to produce hydrogen in water. The tofu pore is negatively charged and the surface surrounding the pore has a positive charge. The positive and negative electric charges stretch water molecules that have a partial charge. With the addition of a 12V electrical energy during electrolysis, water breaks down into hydrogen. The test was conducted on pre-treated tofu waste suspension using oxalic acid. The hydrogen concentration was measured by a MQ-8 hydrogen sensor. The result shows that the addition of turmeric together with sodium bicarbonate to tofu waste in water, hydrogen production increased more than four times. This is due to the fact that magnetic field generated by delocalized electron in aromatic ring in turmeric energizes all electrons in the pores of tofu waste, in the sodium bicarbonate, and in water that boosts hydrogen production. At the same time the stronger partial charge in natrium bicarbonate shields the hydrogen proton from strong attraction of tofu pores. These two combined effect are very powerful for larger hydrogen production in water by tofu waste.

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