The proportion of influenza infections from severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) cases in Indonesia 2008-2009

ObjectiveTo estimate the proportion of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus coinfection among severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) cases-patients during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.DesignDescriptive study.SettingNine tertiary level hospitals across Bangladesh.ParticipantsPatients admitted as SARI (defined as cases with subjective or measured fever of ≥38 C° and cough with onset within the last 10 days and requiring hospital admission) case-patients.Primary and secondary outcomesProportion of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus coinfection and proportion of mortality among SARI case-patients.ResultsWe enrolled 1986 SARI case-patients with a median age: 28 years (IQR: 1.2–53 years), and 67.6% were male. Among them, 285 (14.3%) were infected with SARS-CoV-2; 175 (8.8%) were infected with the influenza virus, and five (0.3%) were coinfected with both viruses. There was a non-appearance of influenza during the usual peak season (May to July) in Bangladesh. SARS-CoV-2 infection was significantly more associated with diabetes (14.0% vs 5.9%, p<0.001) and hypertension (26.7% vs 11.5%, p<0.001). But influenza among SARI case-patients was significantly less associated with diabetes (4.0% vs 7.4%, p=0.047) and hypertension (5.7% vs 14.4%, p=0.001). The proportion of in-hospital deaths among SARS-CoV-2 infected SARI case-patients were higher (10.9% (n=31) vs 4.4% (n=75), p<0.001) than those without SARS-CoV-2 infection; the proportion of postdischarge deaths within 30 days was also higher (9.1% (n=25) vs 4.6% (n=74), p=0.001) among SARS-CoV-2 infected SARI case-patients than those without infection. No in-hospital mortality or postdischarge mortality was registered among the five coinfected SARI case-patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus was not very common and had less disease severity considering mortality in Bangladesh. There was no circulating influenza virus during the influenza peak season during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Future studies are warranted for further exploration.

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Molecular typing and epidemiologic profiles of human metapneumovirus infection among children with severe acute respiratory infection in Huzhou, China

Molecular Biology Reports ◽

10.1007/s11033-021-06776-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lei Ji ◽

Liping Chen ◽

Deshun Xu ◽

Xiaofang Wu

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Human Metapneumovirus ◽

Respiratory Pathogen ◽

Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽

F Gene ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Hmpv Infection ◽

High Incidence

Abstract Background Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is one of the important pathogens in infant respiratory tract infection. However, the molecular epidemiology of hMPV among children < 14 years of age hospitalized with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) is unclear. We investigated the hMPV infection status and genotypes of children hospitalized with SARI from January 2016 to December 2020 in Huzhou, China. Methods A nasopharyngeal flocked swab, nasal wash, or nasopharyngeal swab/or opharyngeal swab combination sample was collected from children with SARI in Huzhou from January 2016 to December 2020. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect hMPV RNA. The hMPV F gene was amplified and sequenced, followed by analysis using MEGA software (ver. 7.0). Epidemiological data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS (ver. 22.0) software. Results A total of 1133 children with SARI were recruited from 2016 to 2020. Among them, 56 (4.94%) were positive for hMPV-RNA. Children < 5 years of age accounted for 85.71% of the positive cases. The hMPV incidence was high in spring and winter, especially in December and January to March. Phylogenetic analysis of the F-gene sequences of 28 hMPV strains showed that the A1, B1, and B2 genotypes were prevalent in Huzhou, and the dominant hMPV genotype varied according to surveillance year. Conclusions HMPV is an important respiratory pathogen in children in Huzhou, with a high incidence in winter and spring in children < 5 years of age. In this study, genotypes A1, B1, and B2 were the most prevalent.

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Anakinra as a potential alternative in the treatment of severe acute respiratory infection associated with SARS-CoV-2 refractory to tocilizumab

Reumatología Clínica (English Edition) ◽

10.1016/j.reumae.2020.06.008 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Luis Figuero-Pérez ◽

Alejandro Olivares-Hernández ◽

Roberto A. Escala-Cornejo ◽

Eduardo Terán-Brage ◽

Álvaro López-Gutiérrez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Potential Alternative

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Evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of the WHO Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) criteria in Middle Eastern children under two years over three respiratory seasons

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0232188 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. e0232188 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thomas Klink ◽

Danielle A. Rankin ◽

Bhinnata Piya ◽

Andrew J. Spieker ◽

Samir Faouri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Middle Eastern ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Infection

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Severe morbidity among hospitalised adults with acute influenza and other respiratory infections: 2014–2015 and 2015–2016

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268818001486 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 146 (11) ◽

pp. 1350-1358 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

H. E. Segaloff ◽

J. G. Petrie ◽

R. E. Malosh ◽

C. K. Cheng ◽

E. J. McSpadden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Influenza A ◽

Hospital Length Of Stay ◽

Charlson Score ◽

Neuraminidase Inhibitors ◽

Icu Admission ◽

Hospitalised Patients ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

The Impact

AbstractOur objective was to identify predictors of severe acute respiratory infection in hospitalised patients and understand the impact of vaccination and neuraminidase inhibitor administration on severe influenza. We analysed data from a study evaluating influenza vaccine effectiveness in two Michigan hospitals during the 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 influenza seasons. Adults admitted to the hospital with an acute respiratory infection were eligible. Through patient interview and medical record review, we evaluated potential risk factors for severe disease, defined as ICU admission, 30-day readmission, and hospital length of stay (LOS). Two hundred sixteen of 1119 participants had PCR-confirmed influenza. Frailty score, Charlson score and tertile of prior-year healthcare visits were associated with LOS. Charlson score >2 (OR 1.5 (1.0–2.3)) was associated with ICU admission. Highest tertile of prior-year visits (OR 0.3 (0.2–0.7)) was associated with decreased ICU admission. Increasing tertile of visits (OR 1.5 (1.2–1.8)) was associated with 30-day readmission. Frailty and prior-year healthcare visits were associated with 30-day readmission among influenza-positive participants. Neuraminidase inhibitors were associated with decreased LOS among vaccinated participants with influenza A (HR 1.6 (1.0–2.4)). Overall, frailty and lack of prior-year healthcare visits were predictors of disease severity. Neuraminidase inhibitors were associated with reduced severity among vaccine recipients.

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