Effects of long-term azithromycin therapy on auditory functions in children with chronic respiratory diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 110808
Author(s):  
Hakan Yazan ◽  
Ayse Ayzit Kilinc ◽  
Remzi Dogan ◽  
Ozge Gedik ◽  
Lina Muhammed Al Shadfan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Auditory Functions

scholarly journals Association between Lifetime Tobacco Use and Alcohol Consumption Trajectories and Cardiovascular and Chronic Respiratory Diseases among Older People

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11275
Author(s):  
Ignacio Madero-Cabib ◽  
Claudia Bambs
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Older People ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
The Life Course

Background: We identify representative types of simultaneous tobacco use and alcohol consumption trajectories across the life course and estimate their association with cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases (CVDs and CRDs) among older people in Chile. Methods: We used data from a population-representative, face-to-face and longitudinal-retrospective survey focused on people aged 65–75 (N = 802). To reconstruct trajectory types, we employed weighted multichannel sequence analysis. Then, we estimated their associations with CVDs and CRDs through weighted logistic regression models. Results: Long-term exposure to tobacco use and alcohol consumption across life are associated with the highest CVD and CRD risks. Long-term nonsmokers and nondrinkers do not necessarily show the lowest CVDs and CRDs risks if these patterns are accompanied by health risk factors such as obesity or social disadvantages such as lower educational levels. Additionally, trajectories showing regular consumption in one domain but only in specific periods of life, whether early or late, while maintaining little or no consumption across life in the other domain, lead to lower CVDs or CRDs risks than trajectories indicating permanent consumption in both domains. Conclusions: A policy approach that considers CVDs and CRDs as conditions that strongly depend on previous individual experiences in diverse life domains can contribute to the improved design and evaluation of preventive strategies of tobacco use and alcohol consumption across the life course.

scholarly journals Active Video Games for Rehabilitation in Respiratory Conditions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Simmich ◽  
Anthony J Deacon ◽  
Trevor G Russell
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Active Video Games ◽  
Active Video ◽  
Respiratory Conditions

BACKGROUND Exercise and physical activity are key components of treatment for chronic respiratory diseases. However, the level of physical activity and adherence to exercise programs are low in people with these diseases. Active video games (AVGs) may provide a more engaging alternative to traditional forms of exercise. OBJECTIVE This review examines the effectiveness of game-based interventions on physiological outcome measures, as well as adherence and enjoyment in subjects with chronic respiratory diseases. METHODS A systematic search of the literature was conducted, with full texts and abstracts included where they involved an AVG intervention for participants diagnosed with respiratory conditions. A narrative synthesis of included studies was performed. Additionally, meta-analysis comparing AVGs with traditional exercise was undertaken for 4 outcome measures: mean heart rate (HR) during exercise, peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) during exercise, dyspnea induced by the exercise, and enjoyment of the exercise. RESULTS A total of 13 full-text papers corresponding to 12 studies were included in the review. Interventions predominantly used games released for the Nintendo Wii (8 studies) and Microsoft Xbox Kinect (3 studies). There were 5 studies that examined the acute effects of a single session of AVGs and 7 studies that examined the long-term effects after multiple sessions of AVGs. Trials conducted over more than 1 session varied in duration between 3 and 12 weeks. In these, AVG interventions were associated with either similar or slightly greater improvements in outcomes such as exercise capacity when compared with a traditional exercise control, and they also generally demonstrated improvements over baseline or nonintervention comparators. There were a few studies of unsupervised AVG interventions, but the reported adherence was high and maintained throughout the intervention period. Additionally, AVGs were generally reported to be well liked and considered feasible by participants. For outcome measures measured during a single exercise session, there was no significant difference between an AVG and traditional exercise for HR (mean difference 1.44 beats per minute, 95% CI –14.31 to 17.18), SpO2 (mean difference 1.12 percentage points, 95% CI –1.91 to 4.16), and dyspnea (mean difference 0.43 Borg units, 95% CI –0.79 to 1.66), but AVGs were significantly more enjoyable than traditional exercise (Hedges g standardized mean difference 1.36, 95% CI 0.04-2.68). CONCLUSIONS This review provides evidence that AVG interventions, undertaken for several weeks, can provide similar or greater improvements in exercise capacity and other outcomes as traditional exercise. Within a single session of cardiovascular exercise, an AVG can evoke similar physiological responses as traditional exercise modalities but is more enjoyable to subjects with chronic respiratory diseases. However, there is very limited evidence for adherence and effectiveness in long-term unsupervised trials, which should be the focus of future research.

scholarly journals Distant Compliance with Treatment in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Asthma, Copd and Asthma-Copd Overlap Syndrome. Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-47
Author(s):  
Simona Maria Ţîrcă ◽  
Marius Sorin Ciontea ◽  
Elena Vlad ◽  
Florin Dumitru Mihălţan
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Asthma Control Test ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Copd Assessment Test ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Abstract Medications prescribed for chronic diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) syndrome should be administered in the long term and compliance becomes a health care concern. Noncompliance adversely affects the outcome of treatment and results in the consumption of human and material resources. The aim of our study was to identify the factors that cause non-compliance with treatment in children, adolescents, and adults with asthma/COPD/ACO in Romania, the methods by which these factors can be understood and corrected, and the evaluation of symptoms. To achieve the goal, regular visits were carried out with symptom control questionnaires (Asthma Control Test (ACT), COPD Assessment Test (CAT)) and FEV1 evaluation using spirometry. The results obtained indicate low long-term compliance (12.35%) due to patients’ abstinence from regular check-ups. In conclusion, we can say that the factors related to doctors have been successfully corrected, but it remains a challenge in correcting the factors related to patients and the health regime.

scholarly journals New Technologies for Promoting Physical Activity in Healthy Children and in Children with Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11661
Author(s):  
Velia Malizia ◽  
Giuliana Ferrante ◽  
Salvatore Fasola ◽  
Laura Montalbano ◽  
Giovanna Cilluffo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Fitness Programs

Physical activity (PA) is proven to benefit children and adolescents in several ways. New technologies may provide children with stimulating modalities for organizing their leisure time, accessing fitness programs, and obtaining daily goal reminders and peer support. Due to the current COVID-19 pandemic, following WHO recommendations for PA is difficult for many children, especially for those living in urban areas. Therefore, the use of digital tools to support and maintain PA could be useful in healthy children, as well as in those with chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). This narrative review aims to summarize the most recent evidence about the role of new technologies in promoting PA in healthy children and in those with CRDs, in supporting PA during the COVID-19 pandemic, and in enhancing psychological wellbeing in this age group. The use of technological devices for promoting PA, such as web/mobile apps and games, has been proven to be effective both in healthy children and in those with CRDs. In conclusion, new technologies are very promising in terms of feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy in promoting PA. Further studies are required to evaluate the long-term health benefits of using these technologies.

scholarly journals Features of the formation of combined pathology in children under conditions of atmospheric air pollution

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 1246-1251
Author(s):  
O. A. Maklakova ◽  
N. V. Zaitseva ◽  
D. A. Eisfeld
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Vegetative Nervous System ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Introduction. Respiratory diseases are widely spread o territories with ambient air contaminated with a mixture of technogenic chemical factors. At present, there hasn’t been enough research on an issue related to combined pathology occurrence in children with chronic respiratory diseases under exposure to harmful technogenic compounds. Material and methods. We have accomplished a profound clinical examination of 216 children aged 5-12 years who lived on a territory with ambient air contaminated with methanol, phenol, formaldehyde, and particulate matter (the test group) and 97 children who lived on a territory which was sanitary and hygienically safe (the reference group). Results. We revealed the long-term aerogenic exposure to particulate matter and organic compounds (methanol, phenol, and formaldehyde) resulted in a combined pathology occurrence. Thus, 81.9% exposed children with chronic respiratory diseases also suffered from functional gastric pathologies; ⅔ children - from nervous system pathologies; 43.5% had secondary immune deficiency; each third child had functional disorders of the heart. Exposed children ran 1.8-2.5 times higher risks of respiratory diseases, biliary dysfunctions, and minor heart defects. Conclusions. We revealed several pathogenetic sections typical for developing combined pathologies in children with chronic respiratory diseases under long-term aerogenic exposure to particulate matter and organic compounds. They were a decrease in superoxide dismutase concentration in blood; lower glutathione-S-transferase contents; lower absolute number of CD25+-lymphocytes; reduced vital capacity of lungs; increased levels of kreatine phosphokinase and ionized calcium in blood; more active parasympathetic vegetative nervous system; all these disiorders were related to methanol, phenol, and formaldehyde concentrations in blood and particulate matter concentrations in ambient air.

scholarly journals Role of long term antibiotics in chronic respiratory diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 800-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Suresh Babu ◽  
J. Kastelik ◽  
J.B. Morjaria
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases

scholarly journals Hospitalization Rates for Respiratory Diseases After L’Aquila Earthquake

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2109
Author(s):  
Francesco D’Aloisio ◽  
Pierpaolo Vittorini ◽  
Anna Rita Giuliani ◽  
Maria Scatigna ◽  
Jacopo Del Papa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Insufficiency ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Analysis

The study aims to investigate the impact of the earthquake on public health, in terms of hospitalizations for respiratory diseases in the Abruzzo region, focusing on the area damaged by the earthquake “Crater”. We collected data of hospitalizations of residents in Abruzzo between 2009 and 2015. Hospital Discharge Records (HDRs) with a primary diagnosis of respiratory disease were included and divided into pneumonia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and respiratory insufficiency. Absolute frequencies and standardized hospitalization rates were calculated to perform both a short-term and a medium-long term analysis. A linear regression was performed using standardized hospitalization rates and the time. A total of 108.669 respiratory-related records were collected and the most frequent subgroup was respiratory insufficiency. Standardized Hospitalization Rates (SHRs) for respiratory diseases resulted higher in the non-Crater than Crater area, but the short-term analysis showed a significant increase in hospitalizations for pneumonia and respiratory insufficiency in the Crater area. The medium-long term analysis reported a significant difference on the slope decrease of hospitalizations for acute and chronic respiratory diseases in the Crater versus the non-Crater area. The earthquake may have played a triggering role in the increased detection of respiratory diseases. A temporal relationship between the quake and an increase in admissions was found although it is not yet possible to detect a direct cause-effect relationship.

scholarly journals Long-Term Maintenance Strategies after Pulmonary Rehabilitation: Perspectives of People with Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Informal Carers, and Healthcare Professionals

Healthcare ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Sara Souto-Miranda ◽  
Cláudia Dias ◽  
Cristina Jácome ◽  
Elsa Melo ◽  
Alda Marques
Keyword(s):  
Peer Support ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Institutional Practice ◽  
City Councils ◽  
Active Lifestyles ◽  
Informal Carers

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an effective intervention for people with chronic respiratory diseases (CRD); however, its effects fade after 6–12 months. Community-based strategies might be valuable to sustain PR benefits, but this has been little explored. People with CRD, informal carers, and healthcare professionals (HCPs) were recruited from pulmonology appointments of two local hospitals, two primary care centres, and one community institutional practice and through snowballing technique. Focus groups were conducted using a semi-structured guide. Data were thematically analysed. Twenty-nine people with CRD (24% female, median 69 years), 5 informal carers (100% female, median 69 years), and 16 HCPs (75% female, median 36 years) were included. Three themes were identified: “Maintaining an independent and active lifestyle” which revealed common strategies adopted by people with “intrinsic motivation and professional and peer support” as key elements to maintain benefits, and that “access to information and partnerships with city councils’ physical activities” were necessary future steps to sustain active lifestyles. This study suggests that motivation, and professional and peer support are key elements to maintaining the benefits of PR in people with CRD, and that different physical activity options (independent or group activities) considering peoples’ preferences, should be available through partnerships with the community, namely city councils.

scholarly journals Sars-Cov-2 Infection in Patients on Long-Term Treatment with Macrolides in Spain: A National Cross-Sectional Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1039
Author(s):  
Carmen Marina Meseguer Barros ◽  
Natalia Alzueta Isturiz ◽  
Rita Sainz de Rozas Aparicio ◽  
Rafael Aguilella Vizcaíno ◽  
Laura López Esteban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Official Data

The aim of this study was to know the prevalence and severity of COVID-19 in patients treated with long-term macrolides and to describe the factors associated with worse outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Primary Care setting. Patients with macrolides dispensed continuously from 1 October 2019 to 31 March 2020, were considered. Main outcome: diagnosis of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Secondary outcomes: symptoms, severity, characteristics of patients, comorbidities, concomitant treatments. A total of 3057 patients met the inclusion criteria. Median age: 73 (64–81) years; 55% were men; 62% smokers/ex-smokers; 56% obese/overweight. Overall, 95% of patients had chronic respiratory diseases and four comorbidities as a median. Prevalence of COVID-19: 4.8%. This was in accordance with official data during the first wave of the pandemic. The most common symptoms were respiratory: shortness of breath, cough, and pneumonia. Additionally, 53% percent of patients had mild/moderate symptoms, 28% required hospital admission, and 19% died with COVID-19. The percentage of patients hospitalized and deaths were 2.6 and 5.8 times higher, respectively, in the COVID-19 group (p < 0.001). There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of long-term courses of macrolides in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection or the progression to worse outcomes in old patients with underlying chronic respiratory diseases and a high burden of comorbidity.

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