scholarly journals P4-360: Longitudinal Effects of Diabetes on Cognitive Decline: Results From the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center's Uniform Data Set (NACC UDS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. P1175-P1175
Author(s):  
Carolyn W. Zhu ◽  
Xiaodong Luo ◽  
Corbett Schimming ◽  
Hillel Grossman ◽  
Mary Sano
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Longitudinal Effects

scholarly journals Development and Preliminary Validation of Standardized Regression-Based Change Scores as Measures of Transitional Cognitive Decline

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1168-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M Kiselica ◽  
Alyssa N Kaser ◽  
Troy A Webber ◽  
Brent J Small ◽  
Jared F Benge
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Base Rate ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Change Scores ◽  
Cognitive Measure ◽  
Preliminary Validation ◽  
User Friendly

Abstract Objective An increasing focus in Alzheimer’s disease and aging research is to identify transitional cognitive decline. One means of indexing change over time in serial cognitive evaluations is to calculate standardized regression-based (SRB) change indices. This paper includes the development and preliminary validation of SRB indices for the Uniform Data Set 3.0 Neuropsychological Battery, as well as base rate data to aid in their interpretation. Method The sample included 1,341 cognitively intact older adults with serial assessments over 0.5–2 years in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Database. SRB change scores were calculated in half of the sample and then validated in the other half of the sample. Base rates of SRB decline were evaluated at z-score cut-points, corresponding to two-tailed p-values of .20 (z = −1.282), .10 (z = −1.645), and .05 (z = −1.96). We examined convergent associations of SRB indices for each cognitive measure with each other as well as concurrent associations of SRB indices with clinical dementia rating sum of box scores (CDR-SB). Results SRB equations were able to significantly predict the selected cognitive variables. The base rate of at least one significant SRB decline across the entire battery ranged from 26.70% to 58.10%. SRB indices for cognitive measures demonstrated theoretically expected significant positive associations with each other. Additionally, CDR-SB impairment was associated with an increasing number of significantly declined test scores. Conclusions This paper provides preliminary validation of SRB indices in a large sample, and we present a user-friendly tool for calculating SRB values.

scholarly journals Neighborhood Environments and Cognitive Decline in Middle and Old Age in China: Gender and Age Variations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 246-247
Author(s):  
Ye Luo ◽  
Xi Pan ◽  
Lingling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Employment Service ◽  
Age Variations ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Longitudinal Effects ◽  
Neighborhood Environments ◽  
The Cross

Abstract Older adults are more vulnerable to neighborhood physical and social conditions due to longer exposure, increased vulnerability, changing spatial use, and a greater reliance on access to community sources of integration. Previous research has demonstrated an association between neighborhood environments and cognitive function in older adults. However, most studies were cross-sectional, focused on western countries, and did not examine potential moderating factors. This study examined gender and age variations in the relationship between neighborhood environments and cognitive decline in middle and old age in a developing country that is experiencing rapid population aging and rising prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. Using data from a nationally representative sample of adults aged 45 years and older from the three waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS 2011-2015), this study estimated multilevel growth curve models for the effects of neighborhood environments on cognitive decline separately for men and women and for those aged 45 to 64 and those aged 65 and above. It showed that the cross-sectional effect of outdoor facility and longitudinal effect of handicapped access were more significant for men, but the cross-sectional effect of community social participation and longitudinal effects of raining days, number of disasters, employment service, and community SES were more significant for women. The cross-sectional effect of infrastructure advantages and longitudinal effects of employment service and old age income support were more significant for adults aged 65 and over. These findings suggest that community-level interventions may be more beneficial for older women.

Use of Vitamin E and C Supplements for the Prevention of Cognitive Decline

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luta Luse Basambombo ◽  
Pierre-Hugues Carmichael ◽  
Sharlène Côté ◽  
Danielle Laurin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin Supplements ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Vitamins E And C ◽  
Primary Prevention Strategy ◽  
Vitamin E And C ◽  
The Continuum

Background: There are few studies of the association between the use of antioxidant vitamin supplements and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Cognitive decline is generally viewed as part of the continuum between normal aging and AD. Objective: To evaluate whether the use of vitamin E and C supplements is associated with reduced risks of cognitive impairment, not dementia (CIND), AD, or all-cause dementia in a representative sample of older persons ≥65 years old. Methods: Data from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (1991-2002), a cohort study of dementia including 3 evaluation waves at 5-yearly intervals, were used. Exposure to vitamins E and C was self-reported at baseline in a risk factor questionnaire and/or in a clinical examination. Results: The data set included 5269 individuals. Compared with those not taking vitamin supplements, the age-, sex-, and education-adjusted hazard ratios of CIND, AD, and all-cause dementia were, respectively, 0.77 (95% CI = 0.60-0.98), 0.60 (95% CI = 0.42-0.86), and 0.62 (95% CI = 0.46-0.83) for those taking vitamin E and/or C supplements. Results remained significant in fully adjusted models except for CIND. Similar results were observed when vitamins were analyzed separately. Conclusions: This analysis suggests that the use of vitamin E and C supplements is associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline. Further investigations are needed to determine their value as a primary prevention strategy.

scholarly journals Identifying residents at greater risk for cognitive decline by Minimum Data Set in long-term care settings

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang-Yu Chen ◽  
Li-Kuo Liu ◽  
Li-Ning Peng ◽  
Ming-Hsien Lin ◽  
Liang-Kung Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Minimum Data Set ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Minimum Data

scholarly journals A-01 Objective and Subjective Cognitive Declines as Complementary Symptoms of Early Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 774-774
Author(s):  
A Kiselica ◽  
J Benge ◽  
A Kaser ◽  
B Small ◽  
T Webber
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective Subjective and objective cognitive declines are given equal weight as symptoms of pre-mild cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease by recent research criteria. However, the overlap of these constructs is unclear. We used standardized regression-based (SRB) change to define subtle objective cognitive decline across serial neuropsychological assessments. We then examined the associations between objective change and subjective cognitive complaints. Finally, we investigated the impact of different symptom combinations on rates of classification for the early stages of the Alzheimer’s Continuum. Method Data from 1,341 cognitively intact older adults with serial Uniform Data Set 3.0 Neuropsychological Battery assessments (6–24-month follow-ups) were used to compute SRB declines at the following z-scores cut-points: −1.282, −1.645, and − 1.96. We used Chi-square tests and Cohen’s kappa statistics to evaluate the relationship between SRB change and presence/absence of subjective cognitive decline at follow-up. We also examined the prevalence rates of different symptom combinations in an amyloid positive sample (n = 29). Results The base rate of having at least one significant SRB decline ranged from 26.00% to 59.40%. Subjective cognitive decline was positively associated with SRB-defined decline in the normative sample, though agreement was limited (= − .01–.10). SRB decline with no subjective decline occurred in 0.0–37.90% of amyloid positive participants, while 3.40–37.90% had subjective but not objective decline. 37.90–79.30% of amyloid positive participants exhibited either SRB or subjective decline. Conclusions Subjective and objective cognitive declines appear to represent unique symptom classes and should be separately considered when staging patients on the Alzheimer’s Continuum.

[P-082]: Impact of time-scale choice on rate of cognitive decline: A case study from the national Alzheimer's coordinating center minimum data set

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. S33-S34
Author(s):  
Brenda F. Kurland ◽  
Walter A. Kukull ◽  
Thomas D. Koepsell ◽  
X.H. Zhou ◽  
Erin P. Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Minimum Data Set ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Minimum Data ◽  
Scale Choice

scholarly journals The Mediation Role of Sleep Quality in the Relationship Between Cognitive Decline and Depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Liu ◽  
Xin Xia ◽  
Fengjuan Hu ◽  
Qiukui Hao ◽  
Lisha Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Effect Estimate ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Depression Status ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract ObjectivesAssociations between cognitive decline and depression have been inconclusive. We examined 1) whether sleep quality mediates these relationships and 2) which factor of sleeping quality mediates these relationships.MethodsThis study utilized baseline data from the 2018 West China Health and Aging Trend study (WCHAT), a large cohort data-set that including participants aged over 50 years old. We defined depression using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Cognitive status was measured using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) and sleeping quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). Direct relationships between cognitive decline, sleep quality and depression were assessed using multiple linear regression. Mediation models and structural equation model (SEM) pathway analysis were used to test the mediating role of specific aspects of sleep (e.g., quality, duration) in the relationship between cognitive decline and depression.ResultsOf 6828 participants aged 50 years old or older, the proportion of depression was 17.4%. Regression analysis indicated a direct association between cognitive scores (β= 0.251, 95% CI 0.211 to 0.29, p < 0.001) and depression status. After adjusted PSQI scores, the association between cognitive scores and depression status was still significant (β= 0.242, 95% CI 0.203 to 0.281, p < 0.001), indicating a partial mediation effect of sleeping quality. Mediation analysis verified sleep quality partially mediate the associations between cognitive decline and depression (indirect effect estimate = 0.0308, bootstrap 95% CI 0.0231 to 0.04; direct effect estimate = 0.3124, bootstrap 95% CI 0.2692 to 0.35). And daytime dysfunction had a highest mediation effect with a proportion of mediation up to 14.56%. Conclusions Sleep quality partially mediated the relationship between cognitive decline and depression. Daytime dysfunction had a highest mediation effect. Further research is necessary to examine the effects of sleep quality on the relationship of cognitive decline and depression.

scholarly journals DEPRESSION AND COGNITIVE DECLINE OF OLDER ADULTS IN THE TRANSITION TO WIDOWHOOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S976-S976
Author(s):  
Feng Zhao ◽  
Peter Martin ◽  
Gina Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Growth Curve Analysis ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Latent Growth Curve Analysis ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This study examined the trajectories of depression and cognitive function in the transition to widowhood and investigated the temporal and causal relationship between these two closely related constructs. Respondents were 1,822 widowed adults aged 51 to 91 from a restructured data set (Wave 3 to Wave 12) of the Health and Retirement Study. The results of cross-lagged panel analysis indicated a bidirectional relationship between depressive symptoms and cognition decline, but the effects of cognitive impairment at earlier time points on later depression were larger than the effects of previous depressive symptoms on later cognition. The latent growth curve analysis showed that the cognitive function declined over time, whereas the initial level of depressive symptoms first increased following widowhood and gradually decreased over time. Significant negative associations were found between the initial levels of depression and cognitive function (p &lt; .001) and between the rates of change of these two variables (p = .025). Older adults tended to have lower initial level of cognitive function and they showed faster cognitive decline over time. Female respondents were more likely to report more depressive symptoms and higher cognitive function. White respondents were more likely to report fewer depressive symptoms and higher levels of cognitive function. Higher levels of education were protective for one’s cognitive function but not for depressive symptoms. The study highlighted the reciprocal relationship between depression and cognitive function following widowhood and pointed out that accelerated cognitive decline may precede elevated levels of depression.

scholarly journals FACTORS INFLUENCING EPISODIC MEMORY IN SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE: AN IMPLICATION FOR DEMENTIA PREVENTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S890-S890
Author(s):  
Sangwoo Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Episodic memory is typically affected early in the process of Alzheimer’s disease. Little is known about factors affecting episodic memory in subjective cognitive decline (SCD). The purpose of this study was to identify vascular and neuropsychiatric risk factors associated with episodic memory changes in older adults with SCD. Using the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center-Uniform Data Set, the relationship between baseline modifiable risk factors and episodic memory changes was analyzed using linear mixed-effects regression models. The study included a total of 1,401 subjects with SCD (mean ages: 74.0±8.2 years, 67.5% females, 84.2% White, mean follow-up period: 4.1±2.4 years). In univariate adjusted model, statistically significant coefficients on main effect or interaction with time were selected and entered into multivariate model, which was adjusted mutually for chosen independent variables and for all covariates. Reference in the final model was subjects without 1) hypercholesterolemia, 2) cigarette smoking history, and 3) depression. Those with hypercholesterolemia and former smokers had 0.024 and 0.035 points higher episodic memory scores than reference at baseline with similar rate of score changes between each group and reference over time, respectively. Current smokers scored 0.081 points lower than reference at baseline with similar rate of change over time between groups. Despite no difference at baseline, the score of depressed subjects decreased by 0.014 points a year compared to reference. It is important to manage current smoking and depression for older adults with SCD. Further research needs to identify which levels of cholesterol and smoking have a protective effect on episodic memory.

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