P2-254: CSF AMYLIN: EFFECT MODIFIER OF THE Aβ-AD RELATIONSHIP

SUMMARYThis study investigated individual and contextual factors associated with the duration of diarrhoeal episodes in 693 young children living in a large Brazilian city who were followed-up for at least 3 months. The outcome is analysed as a continuous variable, by means of a hierarchical conceptual model organizing the factors in meaningful blocks. A total of 2397 episodes were recorded (median duration 2 days, interquartile range 1–3 days). Low percentage of households connected to the sewerage system in the neighbourhood, low family purchasing power, high agglomeration, mother aged <19 years, low zinc content in child's diet, and episode severity were significantly associated with longer duration (0·26–0·69 days more). Purchasing power effect was largely mediated by environmental conditions, characteristics of the child, and hygienic behaviour. Environmental conditions acted as a possible effect modifier, enhancing the effect on duration of diarrhoea of the child not having being vaccinated against measles or breastfed for >6 months.

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effect modifier

Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Medicine ◽

10.1007/978-3-211-89836-9_463 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 62-62

Author(s):

Gerhard Nahler

Keyword(s):

Effect Modifier

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A method for effect modifier assessment (EMA) in ergonomic intervention research

Applied Ergonomics ◽

10.1016/j.apergo.2018.05.007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

pp. 113-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kasper Edwards ◽

Jörgen Winkel

Keyword(s):

Intervention Research ◽

Effect Modifier ◽

Ergonomic Intervention

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Should Sex Be Considered an Effect Modifier in the Evaluation of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness?

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofy211 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Catharine Chambers ◽

Danuta M Skowronski ◽

Caren Rose ◽

Gaston De Serres ◽

Anne-Luise Winter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Influenza Vaccine ◽

Influenza A ◽

Vaccine Effectiveness ◽

Absolute Difference ◽

Effect Modifier ◽

Potential Interactions

Abstract We investigated sex as a potential modifier of influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) between 2010–2011 and 2016–2017 in Canada. Overall VE was 49% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43% to 55%) for females and 38% (95% CI, 28% to 46%) for males (absolute difference [AD], 11%; P = .03). Sex differences were greatest for influenza A(H3N2) (AD, 17%; P = .07) and B(Victoria) (AD, 20%; P = .08) compared with A(H1N1)pdm09 (AD, 10%; P = .19) or B(Yamagata) (AD, –3%; P = .68). They were also more pronounced in older adults ≥50 years (AD, 19%; P = .03) compared with those <20 years (AD, 4%; P = .74) or 20–49 years (AD, –1%; P = .90) but with variation by subtype/lineage. More definitive investigations of VE by sex and age are warranted to elucidate these potential interactions.

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Maternal Health Behaviors and Infant Health Outcomes Among Arab American and Non-Hispanic White Mothers in Massachusetts, 2012-2016

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/0033354920941146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 135 (5) ◽

pp. 658-667 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nadia N. Abuelezam ◽

Adolfo G. Cuevas ◽

Sandro Galea ◽

Summer Sherburne Hawkins

Keyword(s):

Maternal Health ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Infant Health ◽

Arab American ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Effect Modifier ◽

White Mothers ◽

Maternal Health Outcomes ◽

Hispanic White

Objectives The health profile of Arab American mothers and infants may differ from that of non–Arab American mothers and infants in the United States as a result of social stigma experienced in the historical and current sociopolitical climate. The objective of our study was to compare maternal health behaviors, maternal health outcomes, and infant health outcomes of Arab American mothers and non-Hispanic white mothers in Massachusetts and to assess the role of nativity as an effect modifier. Methods Using data from Massachusetts birth certificates (2012-2016), we conducted adjusted logistic and linear regression models for maternal health behaviors, maternal health outcomes, and infant health outcomes. We used Arab ethnicity as the exposure of interest and nativity as an effect modifier. Results Arab American mothers had higher odds than non-Hispanic white mothers of initiating breastfeeding (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.61; 95% CI, 2.39-2.86), giving birth to small-for-gestational-age infants (aOR = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.18-1.39), and having gestational diabetes (aOR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.20-1.44). Among Arab American mothers, non–US-born mothers had higher odds than US-born mothers of having gestational diabetes (aOR = 1.80; 95% CI, 1.33-2.44) and lower odds of initiating prenatal care in the first trimester (aOR = 0.41; 95% CI, 0.33-0.50). In linear regression models, infants born to non–US-born Arab American mothers weighed 42.1 g (95% CI, −75.8 to −8.4 g) less than infants born to US-born Arab American mothers. Conclusion Although Arab American mothers engage in positive health behaviors, non–US-born mothers had poorer maternal health outcomes and access to prenatal care than US-born mothers, suggesting the need for targeted interventions for non–US-born Arab American mothers.

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Diabetes mellitus as a vaccine-effect modifier: a review

Expert Review of Vaccines ◽

10.1080/14760584.2020.1760098 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 445-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thomas Verstraeten ◽

Mark A. Fletcher ◽

Jose A. Suaya ◽

Sally Jackson ◽

Cassandra K. Hall-Murray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Effect Modifier ◽

Vaccine Effect

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The Impact of Nighttime on First Pass Success During the Emergent Endotracheal Intubation of Critically Ill Patients

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine ◽

10.1177/0885066620965166 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 088506662096516

Author(s):

Daniel G. Fein ◽

Dawn Zhao ◽

Kyle Swartz ◽

Peter Nauka ◽

Luke Andrea ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endotracheal Intubation ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Effect Modifier ◽

Related Factors ◽

Unadjusted Odds Ratio ◽

First Pass ◽

The Impact

Background: While numerous investigations have described worse outcomes for patients undergoing emergent procedures at night, few studies have investigated the impact of nighttime on the outcomes of emergent endotracheal intubation (EEI). We hypothesized that for patients requiring EEI at night, the outcome of first pass success would be lower as compared to during the day. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all patients admitted to our institution between January 1st, 2016 and July 17st, 2019 who underwent EEI outside of an emergency department or operating room. Nighttime was defined as between 7:00 pm and 6:59 am. The primary outcome was the rate of first pass success. Logistic regression was utilized with adjustment for demographic, morbidity and procedure related covariables. Results: The final examined cohort included 1,674 EEI during the day and 1,229 EEI at night. The unadjusted rate of first pass success was not different between the day and night (77.5% vs. 74.6%, unadjusted odds ratio (OR): 0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72, 1.0; P = 0.073 though following adjustment for prespecified covariables the odds of first pass success was lower at night (adjusted OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69, 0.99; P = 0.042. Obesity was found to be an effect modifier on first pass success rate for day vs. night intubations. In obese patients, nighttime intubations had significantly lower odds of first pass success (adjusted OR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.98; P = 0.037). Discussion: After adjustment for patient and procedure related factors, we have found that the odds of first pass success is lower at night as compared to the day. This finding was, to some degree, driven by obesity which was found to be a significant effect modifier in this relationship.

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